Journal: Life

Article Title: In Vitro Effects of Cypermethrin and Glyphosate on LPS-Induced Immune Cell Activation

doi: 10.3390/life14010062

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of Cypm (reported as C in the graph) on MBT-induced activation in naïve THP-1 and iDCs. ( A , B ) Naïve THP-1 cells (10 6 cells/mL) were treated for 24 h with Cypm (0.4 μg/mL) or with DMSO as vehicle, then stimulated with or without MBT (30 μg/mL) for 24 h. The expression of CD86 ( A ) and the release of IL-8 ( B ), as expressed as pg/mL, are reported. ( C – F ) iDCs (2 × 10 5 cells/mL) were treated for 72 h with Cypm (0.4 μg/mL) plus MBT (30 μg/mL), MBT alone, or with maturation cocktail (rhIL-4, rhGM-CSF, rhTNF-α, and ionomycin) (mDCs), as described in . The expression of CD83 + cells ( C ) and HLA-DR + cells ( D ) as expressed as fold-change (SI) were measured by FACS analysis, and the release of IL-6 ( E ) and IL-18 ( F ), expressed as pg/mL, was measured by ELISA. Each value represents the mean ± SEM, n = 3 independent experiments. Data were analyzed by paired t -test, with * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01.

Article Snippet: To obtain immature DCs (iDCs), THP-1 cells were differentiated with 100 ng/mL of rhIL-4 and 100 ng/mL of rhGM-CSF (ImmunoTools, Friesoythe, Germany) for 5 days.

Techniques: Activation Assay, Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal:

Article Title: Establishment of long-term CD154-dependent porcine B-cell cultures

doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2567.1999.00770.x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of cytokines on negatively purified MLN B cell cultures. The costimulatory effect of cytokines IL-2 (25–100 U/ml), IL-4, IL-13, IFN-γ (25–100 ng/ml) on CD154-MLN B cell culture was examined after 7 days treatment by [3H]TdR uptake (a). CD154 alone (without cytokine) gave an incorporation of 8170±829 c.p.m. (shown in the figure as a horizontal line). IL-4 enhanced MLN B-cell growth with CD154 (b). Figure shown as percentage cell growth (B-cell number in CD154-MLN B-cell culture with cytokine/B-cell number with CD154 alone×100). IL-4 but not IL-2 was able to induce MLN B-cell proliferation without CD154 (c). Background count (without CD154 nor cytokine) shown as a horizontal line (480 c.p.m.). The results are the average of triplicate cultures where the standard deviation was<10% of the mean.

Article Snippet: In some experiments, recombinant porcine IL-2 (rpIL-2), 15 recombinant human IL-2 (rhIL-2, Genzyme, Cambridge, MA), recombinant human IL-4 (rhIL-4, Genzyme), recombinant porcine interferon-γ (rpIFN-γ, from Dr B. Charley, INRA, Jouy-en-Josas, France) or recombinant human IL-13 (rhIL-13, Endogen, Cambridge, MA) was added.

Techniques: Purification, Cell Culture, Standard Deviation

Journal:

Article Title: HBV-specific immune defect in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is correlated with a dysregulation of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines

doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.1999.00812.x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC; 2 × 105) (n = 80) were stimulated with optimal concentrations of HBcAg, HBsAg, pre-S1Ag and tetanus toxoid (TT) in the absence or presence of 1, 0.1 and 0.01 ng/ml rhIL-12. After 72 h, proliferation and cytokine production were determined as described. Data are shown as box and whisker plots (min., 25% percentile, median, 75% percentile, max.). All experiments were performed in triplicate. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001 compared with control. A, Antigen alone; B, + IL-12 1 ng/ml; C, + IL-12 0.1 ng/ml; D, + IL-12 0.01 ng/ml.

Article Snippet: RhIL-12 was purchased from Pharmingen (Hamburg, Germany).

Techniques: Isolation, Whisker Assay

Journal:

Article Title: HBV-specific immune defect in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is correlated with a dysregulation of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines

doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.1999.00812.x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC; 2 × 105) were stimulated with HBcAg in the absence (A) or presence of 100 pg/ml rhIL-12 (B). After 72 h, IFN-γ and IL-10 production were determined as described. Data are shown as box and whisker plots (min., 25% percentile, median, 75% percentile, max.) for group 1 (n = 14; HBsAg−, anti-HBc+), group 2 (n = 14; HBsAg+, HBeAg+), group 3 (n = 21; HBsAg+, HBeAg−, HBV-DNA+), group 4 (n = 14; HBsAg+, HBeAg−, HBV-DNA+) and group 5 (n = 17; HBsAg+, liver cirrhosis). *P < 0.05 compared with group 2.

Article Snippet: RhIL-12 was purchased from Pharmingen (Hamburg, Germany).

Techniques: Isolation, Whisker Assay

Journal:

Article Title: HBV-specific immune defect in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is correlated with a dysregulation of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines

doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.1999.00812.x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC; 2 × 105) were stimulated with HBcAg in the absence (A) or presence of 100 pg/ml rhIL-12 (B). After 72 h, proliferation and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) production were determined as described. Data are shown as box and whisker plots (min., 25% percentile, median, 75% percentile, max.) for group 1 (n = 14; HBsAg−, anti-HBc+), group 2 (n = 14; HBsAg+, HBeAg+), group 3 (n = 21; HBsAg+, HBeAg−, HBV-DNA+), group 4 (n = 14; HBsAg+, HBeAg−, HBV-DNA+) and group 5 (n = 17; HBsAg+, liver cirrhosis). *P < 0.05 compared with group 2.

Article Snippet: RhIL-12 was purchased from Pharmingen (Hamburg, Germany).

Techniques: Isolation, Whisker Assay