Journal: The Journal of Cell Biology

Article Title: Smad6/Smurf1 overexpression in cartilage delays chondrocyte hypertrophy and causes dwarfism with osteopenia

doi: 10.1083/jcb.200311015

Figure Lengend Snippet: Blockage of Smad signaling in cartilage of Smad6 transgenic mice. (A–D) Immunohistochemistry of elbow joints in wild-type (A and C) and transgenic (B and D) mice at 16.5 d.p.c. Staining with hematoxylin and eosin (A and B). Serial sections of A and B were immunostained using anti-phospho-Smad1/5/8 antibody (C and D). (E–H) Immunohistochemistry of metatarsal cartilage explants at 15.0 d.p.c. before (E and F) and after exposure to rhBMP2 for 2 h (G and H). Phospho-Smad1/5/8 immunoreactivity was not increased by rhBMP2 in sections of cartilage explants from Smad6 transgenic mice (F and H) compared with those in wild-type mice (E and G). Bars: (A–D) 300 μm; (E–H) 200 μm.

Article Snippet: 1 d after starting the cultures, the rudiments were incubated in 400 μl of the same medium containing 500 ng/ml of rhBMP2 (Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) or without rhBMP2 for a further 3 d. For immunohistochemical analysis using anti-phosphorylated Smad1/5/8, rudiments were sectioned before and after a 2-h incubation with rhBMP2.

Techniques: Transgenic Assay, Immunohistochemistry, Staining

Journal: The Journal of Cell Biology

Article Title: Smad6/Smurf1 overexpression in cartilage delays chondrocyte hypertrophy and causes dwarfism with osteopenia

doi: 10.1083/jcb.200311015

Figure Lengend Snippet: Down-regulation of chondrocyte hypertrophy induced by rhBMP2 in cartilage explants by Smad6 overexpression. (A–C) Microscopic and histological appearance of normal mouse metatarsal rudiments cultured in the presence of rhBMP2. (A) Rudiments consist of bright gray areas at both ends and dark gray central areas under phase-contrast microscopy. (B) Histological section stained with safranin O shows that bright and dark gray areas correspond to proliferative and hypertrophic cartilage, respectively. (C) von Kossa staining shows that dark gray areas contain mineralized tissue. (D–I) Cultured metatarsal rudiments prepared from normal (D, F, and H) and Smad6 transgenic (E, G, and I) mice. (D and E) Rudiments at the start of culture. (F and G) Rudiments cultured for 4 d in control medium. (H and I) Rudiments cultured for 1 d in control medium followed by 3 d in medium containing rhBMP2. (J and K) Morphometric analysis of metatarsal explant. Areas of proliferative cartilage and length of hypertrophic cartilage were measured for each rudiment. Error bars show means ± SD ( n = 5). p, Proliferative cartilage; h, hypertrophic cartilage; m, mineralized hypertrophic cartilage; n.s., not significant. *, P < 0.01 between normal and transgenic mice as determined by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Fisher's PLSD test. Bars (A–I), 500 μm.

Article Snippet: 1 d after starting the cultures, the rudiments were incubated in 400 μl of the same medium containing 500 ng/ml of rhBMP2 (Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) or without rhBMP2 for a further 3 d. For immunohistochemical analysis using anti-phosphorylated Smad1/5/8, rudiments were sectioned before and after a 2-h incubation with rhBMP2.

Techniques: Over Expression, Cell Culture, Microscopy, Staining, Transgenic Assay

Journal: Journal of Clinical Periodontology

Article Title: The Clinical Efficacy and Safety of ErhBMP ‐2/ BioCaP /β‐ TCP as a Novel Bone Substitute Using the Tooth‐Extraction‐Socket‐Healing Model: A Proof‐of‐Concept Randomized Controlled Trial

doi: 10.1111/jcpe.14084

Figure Lengend Snippet: Representative histological observations (a–f), and histomorphometric analysis in the three groups (g–i) (PPS). The biopsy specimen was cut along a cross‐section perpendicular to the long axis for examination through bone histomorphometry. Each group's overall observation (a–c) and partially enlarged detail (d–f) are shown. Data of new bone volume density (%) (g), residual material volume density (%) (h) and unmineralized tissue volume density (%) (i) are shown as mean ± SD, and ANOVA was used to analyse the difference within the three groups. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001. ANOVA, analysis of variance; ErhBMP‐2/BioCaP/β‐TCP, ErhBMP‐2‐incorporated biomimetic calcium phosphate coating‐functionalized β‐TCP; NB, newly formed bone; PPS, per‐protocol set ( n [natural healing] = 8, n [β‐TCP] = 14, n [ErhBMP‐2/BioCaP/β‐TCP] = 14); RM, residual material; SD, standard deviation.

Article Snippet: Previously, our team had developed a novel rhBMP‐2 delivery system: the low‐dosage rhBMP‐2 (in the microgram range, 1/10 of the up‐till‐now available commercial products) incorporated in biomimetic calcium phosphate coating (rhBMP‐2/BioCaP) (Liu, De Groot, and Hunziker ; Liu et al. ).

Techniques: Standard Deviation

Journal: Journal of Clinical Periodontology

Article Title: The Clinical Efficacy and Safety of ErhBMP ‐2/ BioCaP /β‐ TCP as a Novel Bone Substitute Using the Tooth‐Extraction‐Socket‐Healing Model: A Proof‐of‐Concept Randomized Controlled Trial

doi: 10.1111/jcpe.14084

Figure Lengend Snippet: Representative CBCT screenshots and linear measurement analyses (SAS). The screenshots in the sagittal plane immediately (a, c and e) and 6 weeks after surgery (b, d and f) of each group are displayed. The linear measurement of bone height changes of buccal and lingual bone, and bone width change in 1, 3, 5 mm below the crest are shown in (g–k), respectively. Data are shown as mean ± SD, and ANOVA was used to analyse the difference within the three groups. * p < 0.05. ANOVA, analysis of variance; ErhBMP‐2/BioCaP/β‐TCP, ErhBMP‐2‐incorporated biomimetic calcium phosphate coating functionalized‐β‐TCP; SAS, sensitivity analysis set ( n [natural healing] = 9, n [β‐TCP] = 14, n [ErhBMP‐2/BioCaP/β‐TCP] = 14); SD, standard deviation.

Article Snippet: Previously, our team had developed a novel rhBMP‐2 delivery system: the low‐dosage rhBMP‐2 (in the microgram range, 1/10 of the up‐till‐now available commercial products) incorporated in biomimetic calcium phosphate coating (rhBMP‐2/BioCaP) (Liu, De Groot, and Hunziker ; Liu et al. ).

Techniques: Standard Deviation

Journal: Bioengineering

Article Title: Application of Escherichia coli -Derived Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenic Protein-2 to Unstable Spinal Fractures

doi: 10.3390/bioengineering10101114

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Surgical steps: ① postural reduction of fracture using four-poster frame, ② pedicle screws insertion, ③ serial pedicle dilation at another side after rod fixation with distraction on one side, ④ bone funnel insertion, ⑤ rhBMP-2 and allogenous bone chip impaction, ⑥ final rod fixation; ( B ) bone funnel inserted into fractured body and hydroxyapatite-based alloplastic bony substitute with 1 mg of E. coli -derived rhBMP-2.

Article Snippet: A hydroxyapatite-based alloplastic bony substitute with 1 mg/mL of E. coli -derived rhBMP-2 (NOVOSIS ® , CGBio Inc., Seongnam, Republic of Korea) and 15 cc of the allogenous bone chip were impacted through the funnel ( ).

Techniques: Derivative Assay

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: 3D- Printed Poly(ε-caprolactone) Scaffold Integrated with Cell-laden Chitosan Hydrogels for Bone Tissue Engineering

doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-13838-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Controlled release kinetics of rhBMP-2 from chitosan gels. Results are expressed as mean ± SD, n = 3.

Article Snippet: Concentrations of released rhBMP-2 in the collected media samples were measured with a rhBMP-2 ELISA Kit as the manufacturer’s instructions (Cloud-Clone CORP.).

Techniques: