Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Diet and Cell Size Both Affect Queen-Worker Differentiation through DNA Methylation in Honey Bees ( Apis mellifera , Apidae)

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018808

Figure Lengend Snippet: Polymerase chain reaction primers were designed to cover most of the CpG sites, except those in exons 6 and 9. Numbers 1–14 refer to locations of the CpG sites, and underlining highlights those units with two CpG sites tested at the same time. For CpG 9 and 13, we did not detect any methylation and they were not reported in .

Article Snippet: Purified DNA (>50 ng per sample) was then sent to CapitalBio (Beijing, China) for quantitative methylation analysis, their protocol was published in Wang et al. .

Techniques: Polymerase Chain Reaction, Methylation

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Diet and Cell Size Both Affect Queen-Worker Differentiation through DNA Methylation in Honey Bees ( Apis mellifera , Apidae)

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018808

Figure Lengend Snippet: Percentage of methylation in dynactin p62 (Mean±SE, after arcsin transformation) as affected by food type (A) and cell type (B).

Article Snippet: Purified DNA (>50 ng per sample) was then sent to CapitalBio (Beijing, China) for quantitative methylation analysis, their protocol was published in Wang et al. .

Techniques: Methylation, Transformation Assay

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Diet and Cell Size Both Affect Queen-Worker Differentiation through DNA Methylation in Honey Bees ( Apis mellifera , Apidae)

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018808

Figure Lengend Snippet: Shown are Dnmt3 enzyme activity in mmol/min (A), Dnmt gene expression (B) relative to a reference gene calmodulin , and percentage of methylation in the gene dynactin p62 (C) in 6-day old larvae and percentage of adults classified as queens, intercastes, or workers (D). Different letters on top of bars indicate significant difference (P<0.05) among the treatments with Fisher's Protected Least Significant Difference after analysis of variance showed a significant overall effect (P<0.05, A–C), or contingency table analysis with X 2 (P<0.05) as the test statistic (D). In D, all comparisons are among different days, not among different castes within a single day. Data for Dnmt3 activity (A) were transformed by square root transformation; Dmnt3 expression (B) and percent methylation (C) were analyzed after arcsin transformation and presented here after transformation.

Article Snippet: Purified DNA (>50 ng per sample) was then sent to CapitalBio (Beijing, China) for quantitative methylation analysis, their protocol was published in Wang et al. .

Techniques: Activity Assay, Gene Expression, Methylation, Transformation Assay, Expressing

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Diet and Cell Size Both Affect Queen-Worker Differentiation through DNA Methylation in Honey Bees ( Apis mellifera , Apidae)

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018808

Figure Lengend Snippet: Shown are Dnmt3 enzyme activity in mmol/min (A, D), Dnmt3 gene expression (B, E) relative to a reference gene calmodulin , percentage of methylation in the gene dynactin p62 (C, F) in 3-day (left) and 5-day old larvae (right), and percentage of adults emerged as workers (G). The non workers here (19% for queen cells) were all intercastes. Data analysis and transformation were the same as .

Article Snippet: Purified DNA (>50 ng per sample) was then sent to CapitalBio (Beijing, China) for quantitative methylation analysis, their protocol was published in Wang et al. .

Techniques: Activity Assay, Gene Expression, Methylation, Transformation Assay