Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Coping with multiple enemies: pairwise interactions do not predict evolutionary change in complex multitrophic communities

doi: 10.1101/492132

Figure Lengend Snippet: Abundance (log-transformed, mean ± std. dev., n = 7) of the focal species B. subtilis (orange circles), competitor bacterium S. marcescens (red circles), predator P. caudatum (green circles) and B. subtilis-specific parasite phage SPP1 (purple circles) in each treatment over the duration of the experiment (Days 1-10).

Article Snippet: Our experiment consisted of seven sets of species combinations of Bacillus subtilis (NCIB3610) with (1) SPP1 phage parasite in isolation; (2) Paramecium caudatum , a generalist [ ; ; ] bacterial predator in isolation; (3) Serratia marcescens (ATCC 29632), a competitor of B. subtilis , in isolation; (4) P. caudatum and SPP1 phage; (5) S. marcescens and SPP1 phage; (6) S. marcescens and P. caudatum; and (7) S. marcescens, P. caudatum and SPP1 phage, resulting in a total of 7 experimental treatments, each replicated seven times.

Techniques: Transformation Assay

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Coping with multiple enemies: pairwise interactions do not predict evolutionary change in complex multitrophic communities

doi: 10.1101/492132

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effect of community composition on B. subtilis evolution relative to the ancestral strain (solid line). a . Competitive ability of B. subtilis isolates, measured as the ratio of B. subtilis to S. marcescens (dashed line indicates a 1:1 ratio, solid line represents ancestral resistance). b . Relative resistance to parasite in B. subtilis across treatment groups. Resistance to phage SPP1 was measured as the difference in growth (optical density) of B. subtilis in the presence or absence of the ancestral phage parasite. The solid line represents the resistance of ancestral B. subtilis and the resistance of our experimental treatment isolates relative to ancestral parasite resistance. c . Growth of B. subtilis isolates in the presence of the predator P. caudatum (measured as log 10 optical density of biofilm production). Solid line indicates resistance of the ancestral B. subtilis grown in the presence of P. caudatum ). In all cases, values to the right of the solid lines indicate higher relative resistance than the ancestral strain, values to the left of the solid line indicate lower resistance relative to ancestral strain of B. subtilis .

Article Snippet: Our experiment consisted of seven sets of species combinations of Bacillus subtilis (NCIB3610) with (1) SPP1 phage parasite in isolation; (2) Paramecium caudatum , a generalist [ ; ; ] bacterial predator in isolation; (3) Serratia marcescens (ATCC 29632), a competitor of B. subtilis , in isolation; (4) P. caudatum and SPP1 phage; (5) S. marcescens and SPP1 phage; (6) S. marcescens and P. caudatum; and (7) S. marcescens, P. caudatum and SPP1 phage, resulting in a total of 7 experimental treatments, each replicated seven times.

Techniques:

Journal: Scientific reports

Article Title: Survival of the enveloped bacteriophage Phi6 (a surrogate for SARS-CoV-2) in evaporated saliva microdroplets deposited on glass surfaces.

doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-79625-z

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 4. Survival of Phi6, PhiX174, and MS2 respectively as a function of RH and medium type on glass surface. Left panel: Bacteriophage titer concentration (PFU/mL) after 14 h incubation at 23%, 43%, 57%, and 78% RH at 25 °C. A 105–106 titer of bacteriophage suspended in SM buffer, H2O, or human saliva was applied by spraying on a glass surface. A control sample was left suspended in the spraying device for the duration of the incubation period. Following the incubation period, phage concentration was determined by plaque assay (mean ± SD of four replicates; points represent individual replicates). Right panel: Relative log reduction of viability of Phi6, PhiX174, and MS2 in SM buffer (green), H2O (red) and saliva (blue) (mean ± SD of four replicates) in evaporated microdroplets. Each data point is derived by subtracting the log value of the inoculum from the log value of the virus titer at each RH.

Article Snippet: Escherichia coli (DSM-13127), a host strain for bacteriophage PhiX174, was purchased from DSMZ and cultivated in LB (Luria–Bertani broth) at 37 °C.

Techniques: Concentration Assay, Incubation, Control, Plaque Assay, Derivative Assay, Virus