Journal: Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism

Article Title: Exploring the Role of Licorice and Its Derivatives in Cell Signaling Pathway NF- κ B and MAPK

doi: 10.1155/2024/9988167

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of licorice on MAPK pathway.

Article Snippet: 11. , Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) generally known as oral cancer caused by tobacco and alcohol , Glycyrrhiza glabra and Glycyrrhiza uralensis , Semilicoisoflavone B (SFB) , Human OSCC cell lines SAS, HSC3M3, OECM-1, and SCC9 , Reduction of MAPK along with Ras/Raf/MEK signaling , [ ] .

Techniques: Activation Assay, Infection, Virus, Phospho-proteomics, Expressing, Inhibition

Journal: Cells

Article Title: Curcumin Reprograms TAMs from a Protumor Phenotype towards an Antitumor Phenotype via Inhibiting MAO-A/STAT6 Pathway

doi: 10.3390/cells11213473

Figure Lengend Snippet: Curcumin promoted the expression of antitumor cytokines and suppressed the expression of protumor cytokines in CM-Cal27-induced Raw264.7 cells. ( A , B ). qRT-PCR analysis of mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, iNOS, and IL-12) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, Arg-1, and TGF-β) in Raw264.7 cells after stimulation with CM-Cal27. ( C ). RAW264.7 cells were first exposed to CM-Cal27 or IL-4 for the indicated time. Then, Raw264.7 cells were stimulated by curcumin for 24 h. The cell viability of the macrophages was detected using a CCK-8 assay. ( D ). After exposure to CM-Cal27, Raw264.7 cells were stimulated by curcumin at indicated concentrations. qRT-PCR analysis of mRNA levels of antitumor cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and CD86) and protumor cytokines (IL-10 and CD206) in Raw264.7 cells. ( E – G ). CM-Cal27-incubated Raw264.7 cells were stimulated with or without 20 µM curcumin. The expression of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 was measured by ELISA ( E ). The percentages of CD86 ( F ) and CD206 ( G ) were measured through flow cytometry. Data are presented as the mean ± SD ( n = 3). p values were determined by Student’s t -tests or analysis of variance (ANOVA). * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Human OSCC line Cal27 and murine macrophage-like cell line Raw264.7 were bought from the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC).

Techniques: Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, CCK-8 Assay, Incubation, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Flow Cytometry

Journal: Cells

Article Title: Curcumin Reprograms TAMs from a Protumor Phenotype towards an Antitumor Phenotype via Inhibiting MAO-A/STAT6 Pathway

doi: 10.3390/cells11213473

Figure Lengend Snippet: Curcumin facilitated TAMs polarization into an M1-like population in a co-culture system. Raw264.7 cells were co-cultured with Cal27 cells first, then the upper chambers were removed, and, finally, the Raw264.7 cells in the lower chambers were stimulated by curcumin (20 µM) for 24 h. ( A ). The relative mRNA expression of IL-10, Arg-1, PD-L1, CD206, CD86, TNF-α, IL-6, and iNOS was measured by qRT-PCR assay in Raw264.7 cells treated with or without curcumin. ( B – E ). Flow cytometric analysis of surface markers of CD86 and CD206 in Raw264.7 cells. ( F – I ). Raw264.7 cells were co-cultured with Cal27 cells for 24 h and then stimulated by curcumin (20 µM) without removing the Cal27 cells in the upper chambers for 24 h. Flow cytometric analysis of surface markers of CD86 and CD206 in Raw264.7 cells in the lower chambers. Data are presented as the mean ± SD ( n = 3). p values were determined by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Human OSCC line Cal27 and murine macrophage-like cell line Raw264.7 were bought from the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC).

Techniques: Co-Culture Assay, Cell Culture, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR

Journal: Cells

Article Title: Curcumin Reprograms TAMs from a Protumor Phenotype towards an Antitumor Phenotype via Inhibiting MAO-A/STAT6 Pathway

doi: 10.3390/cells11213473

Figure Lengend Snippet: Curcumin reprogrammed M2 macrophages from a protumor phenotype towards an antitumor phenotype. IL-4 (20 ng/mL)-induced Raw264.7 cells were stimulated by curcumin (20 µM) for 24 h and further co-cultured with Cal27 cells in a 24-well Transwell plate for indicated time. Then, cells that had migrated or invaded through the membrane were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 15 min and stained with 0.2% crystal violet dye for 20 min to be photographed under the microscope. ( A , B ). Transwell migration assays of Cal27 cells. ( C , D ). Transwell invasion assays of Cal27 cells. ( E – H ). Cal27 cells were cultured in a supernatant from M2 macrophages treated with or without curcumin. Representative micrographs of the wound-healing assay at 0 h and 24 h ( E , F ). The mRNA levels of Vimentin, N-cadherin, and E-cadherin in Cal27 cells were detected by qRT-PCT ( G ). The relative protein level of E-cadherin in Cal27 cells was detected through Western blot ( H ). ( I , J ). The surface level of Sirp-α in Raw264.7 cells was measured through flow cytometric analysis. ( K ). The mRNA levels of Sirp-α, THBS1, and Siglec-G in Raw264.7 cells were detected by qRT-PCT. Data are presented as the mean ± SD ( n = 3). p values were determined by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Human OSCC line Cal27 and murine macrophage-like cell line Raw264.7 were bought from the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC).

Techniques: Cell Culture, Membrane, Staining, Microscopy, Migration, Wound Healing Assay, Western Blot