Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Differential Effects of 2-Hydroxypropyl-Cyclodextrins on Lipid Accumulation in Npc1 -Null Cells

doi: 10.3390/ijms21030898

Figure Lengend Snippet: Concentration-dependent effects of cyclodextrins (HP-α-CD, HP-β-CD, and HP-γ-CD) and miglustat on impaired lysosomal compartments in Npc1 -null CHO cells. The mean fluorescence intensity of LysoTracker ® was determined by flow cytometry at 24 h after exposure to cyclodextrins or miglustat. Each bar represents the mean ± S.E.M; ( n = 3), ## p < 0.01 compared with the wild-type (WT) group, ** p < 0.01 compared with the untreated Npc1 -null group.

Article Snippet: Miglustat (N-butyldeoxynojirimycin HCl) (MW: 255.74) was purchased from Carbosynth Ltd. (Compton, UK).

Techniques: Concentration Assay, Fluorescence, Flow Cytometry

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Differential Effects of 2-Hydroxypropyl-Cyclodextrins on Lipid Accumulation in Npc1 -Null Cells

doi: 10.3390/ijms21030898

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of cyclodextrins (HP-α-CD, HP-β-CD, and HP-γ-CD) and miglustat on cellular free cholesterol levels in WT and Npc1 -null CHO cells. Cellular free cholesterol levels were measured 24 h after exposure to cyclodextrins (1 mM) or miglustat (100 μM). Each bar represents the mean ± S.E.M. ( n = 3); ## p < 0.01 compared with the WT group, ** p < 0.01 compared with the untreated Npc1 -null group.

Article Snippet: Miglustat (N-butyldeoxynojirimycin HCl) (MW: 255.74) was purchased from Carbosynth Ltd. (Compton, UK).

Techniques:

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Differential Effects of 2-Hydroxypropyl-Cyclodextrins on Lipid Accumulation in Npc1 -Null Cells

doi: 10.3390/ijms21030898

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of cyclodextrins (HP-α-CD, HP-β-CD, and HP-γ-CD) and miglustat on total sphingolipid levels in WT and Npc1 -null CHO cells. Total sphingolipid levels were measured 24 h after exposure to cyclodextrins (1 mM) or miglustat (100 μM). Each bar represents the mean ± S.E.M. ( n = 3); ## p < 0.01 compared with the WT group, ** p < 0.01 compared with the untreated Npc1 -null group.

Article Snippet: Miglustat (N-butyldeoxynojirimycin HCl) (MW: 255.74) was purchased from Carbosynth Ltd. (Compton, UK).

Techniques:

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Differential Effects of 2-Hydroxypropyl-Cyclodextrins on Lipid Accumulation in Npc1 -Null Cells

doi: 10.3390/ijms21030898

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of cyclodextrins (HP-α-CD, HP-β-CD, and HP-γ-CD) and miglustat on sphingolipid levels in WT ( B ) and Npc1 -null ( A ) CHO cells. Sphingolipid levels were measured 24 h after treatment with 1 mM of each cyclodextrin and 100 µM of miglustat in Npc1 -null and WT CHO cells. The x-axis shows the logarithm to base 2 of fold changes in each sphingolipid level induced by the treatments. The y-axis shows the negative logarithm to base 10 of t -test p -values. Open circle: sphingomyelins, closed triangle: hexosylceramides, open square: ceramides.

Article Snippet: Miglustat (N-butyldeoxynojirimycin HCl) (MW: 255.74) was purchased from Carbosynth Ltd. (Compton, UK).

Techniques:

Journal: Anesthesia & Analgesia

Article Title: The Efficacy of Morphine, Pregabalin, Gabapentin, and Duloxetine on Mechanical Allodynia Is Different from That on Neuroma Pain in the Rat Neuropathic Pain Model

doi: 10.1213/ane.0b013e31824f94ca

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 1. Time-effect curves of orally administered morphine, pregabalin, ga- bapentin, and duloxetine on mechanical allodynia in the tibial neuroma transposi- tion (TNT) model. In the 30 mg/kg morphine–treated group, 1 mg/kg of nal- oxone was administered IP 90 minutes after morphine administration. Naloxone antagonized the morphine effects, signifi- cantly (P 0.001). Ordinate: 50% prob- ability threshold (grams); abscissa: time after drug administration (minutes). Each line represents the group mean and SEM of 5 to 12 rats.

Article Snippet: The drugs used in this study were pregabalin (Pfizer Inc., Groton, CT), gabapentin (Pfizer Inc.), duloxetine hydrochloride (Toronto Research Chemicals, North York, Ontario, Canada), morphine hydrochloride (Takeda, Osaka, Japan), naloxone hydrochloride (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), idazoxan hydrochloride (Sigma), and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC; Wako, Osaka, Japan).

Techniques:

Journal: Anesthesia & Analgesia

Article Title: The Efficacy of Morphine, Pregabalin, Gabapentin, and Duloxetine on Mechanical Allodynia Is Different from That on Neuroma Pain in the Rat Neuropathic Pain Model

doi: 10.1213/ane.0b013e31824f94ca

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 2. Dose–response effects of orally administered morphine, pregabalin, ga- bapentin, and duloxetine on mechanical allodynia in the tibial neuroma transposi- tion (TNT) model. Morphine, pregabalin, gabapentin, and duloxetine attenuated the level of mechanical allodynia induced by TNT injury in a dose-dependent man- ner. Ordinate: percentage maximum possible effect (%MPE). *P 0.05 by Dunnett test.

Article Snippet: The drugs used in this study were pregabalin (Pfizer Inc., Groton, CT), gabapentin (Pfizer Inc.), duloxetine hydrochloride (Toronto Research Chemicals, North York, Ontario, Canada), morphine hydrochloride (Takeda, Osaka, Japan), naloxone hydrochloride (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), idazoxan hydrochloride (Sigma), and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC; Wako, Osaka, Japan).

Techniques:

Journal: Anesthesia & Analgesia

Article Title: The Efficacy of Morphine, Pregabalin, Gabapentin, and Duloxetine on Mechanical Allodynia Is Different from That on Neuroma Pain in the Rat Neuropathic Pain Model

doi: 10.1213/ane.0b013e31824f94ca

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 3. Dose–response curves (upper graphs) and isobolograms (lower graphs) of the combination study (morphine pregabalin, morphine duloxetine, and pregabalin duloxetine) on mechanical allodynia. In this combination study, the ratio of morphine dose, pregabalin dose, and duloxetine dose was fixed (morphine : pregabalin : duloxetine 3 : 2 : 6) on the basis of the ED50 values of each drug obtained in this study. Dose–response curves demonstrated that all drug combinations produced an antiallodynic effect. Each line represents the group mean and SEM of 5 rats (upper graphs). Isobolograms demonstrated that morphine pregabalin, morphine duloxetine, and pregabalin duloxetine combination therapy produced a synergistic effect on mechanical allodynia (lower graphs).

Article Snippet: The drugs used in this study were pregabalin (Pfizer Inc., Groton, CT), gabapentin (Pfizer Inc.), duloxetine hydrochloride (Toronto Research Chemicals, North York, Ontario, Canada), morphine hydrochloride (Takeda, Osaka, Japan), naloxone hydrochloride (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), idazoxan hydrochloride (Sigma), and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC; Wako, Osaka, Japan).

Techniques: Produced

Journal: Anesthesia & Analgesia

Article Title: The Efficacy of Morphine, Pregabalin, Gabapentin, and Duloxetine on Mechanical Allodynia Is Different from That on Neuroma Pain in the Rat Neuropathic Pain Model

doi: 10.1213/ane.0b013e31824f94ca

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 5. Time-effect curves of orally administered morphine, pregabalin, ga- bapentin, and duloxetine on neuroma pain in the tibial neuroma transposition (TNT) model. In the 30 mg/kg morphine– treated group, 1 mg/kg of naloxone was administered intraperitoneal (IP) 90 min- utes after morphine administration. Nal- oxone antagonized the morphine effects, significantly (P 0.001). Ordinate: per- centage responses to 10 applications of a von Frey filament; abscissa: time after drug administration (minutes). Each line represents the group mean and SEM of 5 to 12 rats.

Article Snippet: The drugs used in this study were pregabalin (Pfizer Inc., Groton, CT), gabapentin (Pfizer Inc.), duloxetine hydrochloride (Toronto Research Chemicals, North York, Ontario, Canada), morphine hydrochloride (Takeda, Osaka, Japan), naloxone hydrochloride (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), idazoxan hydrochloride (Sigma), and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC; Wako, Osaka, Japan).

Techniques:

Journal: Anesthesia & Analgesia

Article Title: The Efficacy of Morphine, Pregabalin, Gabapentin, and Duloxetine on Mechanical Allodynia Is Different from That on Neuroma Pain in the Rat Neuropathic Pain Model

doi: 10.1213/ane.0b013e31824f94ca

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 6. Dose–response effects of orally administered morphine, pregabalin, ga- bapentin, and duloxetine on neuroma pain in the tibial neuroma transposition (TNT) model. Morphine 30 mg/kg attenu- ated the area under the curve (AUC) of the time-effect curve of response fre- quency in comparison with saline. Prega- balin, gabapentin, and duloxetine had no effect on the AUC of the time-effect curve of response frequency in comparison with saline. *P 0.05 by Dunnett test.

Article Snippet: The drugs used in this study were pregabalin (Pfizer Inc., Groton, CT), gabapentin (Pfizer Inc.), duloxetine hydrochloride (Toronto Research Chemicals, North York, Ontario, Canada), morphine hydrochloride (Takeda, Osaka, Japan), naloxone hydrochloride (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), idazoxan hydrochloride (Sigma), and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC; Wako, Osaka, Japan).

Techniques: Comparison, Saline

Journal: The Journal of Neuroscience

Article Title: Oxytocin-Modulated Ion Channel Ensemble Controls Depolarization, Integration and Burst Firing in CA2 Pyramidal Neurons

doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0921-22.2022

Figure Lengend Snippet: K ir channel subtype mRNA expression level in dHP CA2 region

Article Snippet: VU 0134992, VU 590 dihydrochloride, Tertiapin LQ, Picrotoxin, ML133 hydrochloride, and CNQX were obtained from Alomone Lab. VU0314992 hydrochloride, repaglinide, and fluoxetine were obtained from Fisher Science.

Techniques: Expressing