Journal: Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

Article Title: Carbon Dots for the Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases: An Appraisal of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies

doi: 10.1155/2023/3076119

Figure Lengend Snippet: The anti-inflammatory activity of carbon dots assessed using in vitro and in vivo models.

Article Snippet: Inflammatory conditions have been treated with the mulberry silkworm cocoon carbonisata (MSCC) for centuries, but despite extensive research, nothing is known about the plant's anti-inflammatory constituents or molecular mechanisms.

Techniques: Activity Assay, In Vitro, In Vivo, Imaging, Suspension, Clinical Proteomics, Modification, Labeling, Expressing, Gene Expression, Migration, Inhibition, Concentration Assay, Injection

Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology

Article Title: Mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate B-cell-mediated immune responses and increase IL-10-expressing regulatory B cells in an EBI3-dependent manner

doi: 10.1038/cmi.2016.59

Figure Lengend Snippet: C3H10T1/2 cells induce Breg cells in an IL-35-dependent manner. (a) Cell culture supernates were collected and subjected to western blot analysis to detect EBI3 and IL-12p35 secretion from C3H10T1/2 cells. (b) Ebi3-specific siRNA effectively depleted endogenous expression of EBI3 in C3H10T1/2 cells. The pixel density of each EBI3 band was divided by the corresponding β-actin band (lower panel) for normalization. (c) B cells isolated from mouse spleen and dLN were cultured with C3H10T1/2 cells, which had been transfected with siRNA targeting the Ebi3 or control siRNA for 3 days, to observe the effects of EBI3 depletion on the induction of Breg cells. BAFF (4 ng/ml) was added to the medium to promote B-cell survival in all groups. As a positive control, B cells were treated with recombinant mouse IL-35 (100 ng/ml) to induce Breg cells. Expression of the signature molecules of Breg cells, Cd1d and Cd5, was detected by RT-PCR after 3 days of culture. The results shown are representative of three independent experiments. The pixel densities of each Cd1d (d) and Cd5 (e) band was divided by the pixel density of the corresponding Gapdh band. (f) Species specificity was tested by adding recombinant mouse IL-35 or recombinant human IL-35 to mouse B cells, and relative expression of Cd1d and Cd5 was determined by quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). The data are presented as the mean±s.e.m. (*P<0.05). (g) The expression of Cd1d and Cd5 was compared by qRT-PCR in B cells after co-culturing with T-MSC or C3H10T1/2 cells. The data are presented as the mean±s.e.m. (*P<0.05). (h) Intracellular staining of IL-10 in B cells from each experimental group was assessed by flow cytometry. dLN, draining lymph node.

Article Snippet: Additionally, conditioned media from murine MSC line, C3H10T1/2 cells (ATCC no. CCL-226, Manassas, VA, USA) were collected as described above.

Techniques: Cell Culture, Western Blot, Expressing, Isolation, Transfection, Control, Positive Control, Recombinant, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Quantitative RT-PCR, Staining, Flow Cytometry