Journal: Life sciences

Article Title: Effects of chitinase-1 inhibitor in obesity-induced and -aggravated asthma in a murine model

doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122163

Figure Lengend Snippet: TGF- β (A), IL-1 β (B), IL-6 (C), TNF- α (D), IL-13 (E), and IL-4 (F) levels in lung homogenates Bar and line graphs present mean ± standard error. Cht, chitin; CPX, chitinase-1 inhibitor; OVA, ovalbumin * P < 0.05 between them analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by post-hoc Bonferroni test.

Article Snippet: The concentrations of chitinase-1 (Fine biotech, EM0939, Wuhan, China), hydroxyproline (Biovision, K555–100, CA, USA), collagen-1 (Fine biotech, EM6446), interleukin (IL)-1 β (DY401), TNF- α (DY410), IL-4 (DY404), IL-6 (DY406), IL-13 (DY413), and TGF- β (DY1679) in lung homogenates were assessed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit (R&D Systems, San Diego, USA) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques:

Journal: Life sciences

Article Title: Effects of chitinase-1 inhibitor in obesity-induced and -aggravated asthma in a murine model

doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122163

Figure Lengend Snippet: Pathologic findings (H&E, PAS, and MT; all × 200 magnification) (A), quantitative fibrosis area (B), level of hydroxyproline in lung homogenates (C), and level of collagen-1 in lung homogenates (D). TGF- β (E), TNF- α (F), IL-1 β (G), IL-6 (H), IL-4 (I), and IL-13 (J) levels in lung homogenates Bar and line graphs present mean ± standard error. Cht, chitin; CPX, chitinase-1 inhibitor; HFD, high-fat diet; OVA, ovalbumin; H&E, hematoxylin and eosin; PAS, periodic acid-Schiff; MT, Masson’s trichrome * P < 0.05 between them analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by post-hoc Bonferroni test.

Article Snippet: The concentrations of chitinase-1 (Fine biotech, EM0939, Wuhan, China), hydroxyproline (Biovision, K555–100, CA, USA), collagen-1 (Fine biotech, EM6446), interleukin (IL)-1 β (DY401), TNF- α (DY410), IL-4 (DY404), IL-6 (DY406), IL-13 (DY413), and TGF- β (DY1679) in lung homogenates were assessed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit (R&D Systems, San Diego, USA) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques:

Journal: Advanced Science

Article Title: IL‐4/STAT6‐signaling Influences Local Inflammation and Regeneration Processes During Acute Pancreatitis and Promotes Fibrosis by a Direct Activation of Pancreatic Fibroblasts During Chronic Pancreatitis

doi: 10.1002/advs.202515585

Figure Lengend Snippet: CD206 M2‐like macrophages differentiate in the absence STAT6 but retain proinflammatory properties (A) Immunofluorescent labeling of CD206, CCR2 and CD3 in CP tissue. (B) Quantification of CD206 + , CCR2 + and CD3 + cells in the pancreas of CP mice ( n = 10). (C) Heat map illustrating different levels of inflammation related proteins between wild type and Stat6‐/‐ mice. The numbers in the boxes represents the change compared with untreated control mice, the amount of all red labeled proteins were significantly changed in Stat6‐/‐ compared to wild type mice after onset of CP ( n = 5). (D) Quantitative gene expression analysis by RT‐qPCR of Arg1 , Fizz , Ym1 and Il10 in CP tissue of wild type and Stat6‐/‐ mice ( n = 5). (E) Immunofluorescent labeling of MMP9 (red) and α‐amylase (green) in CP tissue and quantification of MMP9 + cells in the pancreas of CP mice. (F) Quantitative RT‐PCR of Nos2 , Il1b , Mmp9 and Il6 in CP tissue of wild type and Stat6‐/‐ mice ( n = 10). (G) Measurement of TGF‐β in serum of untreated control mice and CP mice ( n = 9). (H) Quantitative RT‐PCR of Tgfbi and Csf1 in CP tissue of wild type and Stat6‐/‐ mice ( n = 5). Data in B and D‐H are shown as mean +/‐ SEM. Differences were tested for statistical significance by unpaired students t‐test or Mann–Whitney for non‐normally distributed samples for independent samples, significance levels of p < 0.05 are marked by an asterisk.

Article Snippet: Recombinant Mouse IL‐4 Protein (#404‐ML, R&D Systems), Recombinant Mouse IL‐13 Protein (#413‐ML, R&D Systems), Lipopolysaccharide Escherichia coli O26:B6 (L8274, Sigma Aldrich), Recombinant Mouse IL‐6 Protein (406‐ML, R&D systems), Recombinant Mouse TGF‐β Protein (7666‐MB, R&D systems), Recombinant mouse IL‐10 (575804, BioLegend).

Techniques: Labeling, Control, Gene Expression, Quantitative RT-PCR, MANN-WHITNEY

Journal: Food Science & Nutrition

Article Title: Dihydroquercetin Attenuates Silica‐Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis by Modulating the Gut Microbiota and the Serum Metabolites in Mice

doi: 10.1002/fsn3.71389

Figure Lengend Snippet: DHQ treatment attenuated silica‐induced pulmonary fibrosis in C57/BL6 mice. (A, B) DHQ treatment increased the body weight and decreased pulmonary index in silicosis model mice. The changes of body weight (C) The levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines (IL‐1β, TNF‐α, and TGF‐β) in serum from different groups at day 21 were detected by ELISA assay. (D) Representative pictures (×200) of HE‐stained and Masson‐stained lung sections from mice on day 21 were shown. Bar = 100 μm. (E, F) The inflammation and fibrosis score numbers of 0–3, corresponding to the grades of –, +, ++, and +++, were evaluated by experienced pathologists in a blinded fashion. (G) Representative results of western blot for α‐SMA, collagen I and fibronectin in lung tissues and the quantification of results. Data are shown as mean ± SD. All experiments were repeated three times. # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01 vs. the control group; * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 vs. the SiO 2 group.

Article Snippet: Sigma‐Aldrich provided the SiO 2 (Cat#S5631) particles (around 80% diameter 1‐5 μm), which were filtered through sedimentation following Stokes' law, underwent acidic hydrolysis, and were baked overnight at 200°C for 16 h. Interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) (CSB‐E08054m), tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) (CSB‐E04741m), and transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) (CSB‐E04726m) were acquired from Cusabio Biotechnology in Wuhan, China.

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Staining, Western Blot, Control