Journal: Micromachines

Article Title: Actuation Mechanism of Microvalves: A Review

doi: 10.3390/mi11020172

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparison of the valve operation between normally-closed microvalve ( a ) and normally-opend microvalves ( b ). ( a ) 1 Voltage off, valve fully open; 2 Voltage on, valve starting to close; 3 Voltage on, valve fully closed ; ( b ) Operation mode .

Article Snippet: In microfluidic systems, the pneumatic microvalve not only is used to merge droplets, but also is applied to sort droplets.

Techniques: Comparison

Journal: Micromachines

Article Title: Actuation Mechanism of Microvalves: A Review

doi: 10.3390/mi11020172

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fabrication process flow of electrostatic actuated microvalve .

Article Snippet: In microfluidic systems, the pneumatic microvalve not only is used to merge droplets, but also is applied to sort droplets.

Techniques:

Journal: Micromachines

Article Title: Actuation Mechanism of Microvalves: A Review

doi: 10.3390/mi11020172

Figure Lengend Snippet: Two types of schematic diagrams of electrochemical actuated microvalves. ( a ) A microvalve based on electrochemically actuated SU8 cantilever ; ( b ) A microfluidic valve based on electrochemical (ECM) actuated membrane .

Article Snippet: In microfluidic systems, the pneumatic microvalve not only is used to merge droplets, but also is applied to sort droplets.

Techniques: Membrane

Journal: Micromachines

Article Title: Actuation Mechanism of Microvalves: A Review

doi: 10.3390/mi11020172

Figure Lengend Snippet: Typical structures of piezoelectric microvalves: ( a ) a normally-closed piezoelectric microvalve with flexible stopper ; ( b ) a high pressure piezoelectric actuated microvalve ; ( c ) A piezoelectric microvalve for cryogenic applications .

Article Snippet: In microfluidic systems, the pneumatic microvalve not only is used to merge droplets, but also is applied to sort droplets.

Techniques:

Journal: Micromachines

Article Title: Actuation Mechanism of Microvalves: A Review

doi: 10.3390/mi11020172

Figure Lengend Snippet: SEM photographs of components in piezoelectric microvalve: ( a ) the microchannel ; ( b ) the silicon valve core and the sealing ring ; ( c ) the hole with serpentine groove patterns .

Article Snippet: In microfluidic systems, the pneumatic microvalve not only is used to merge droplets, but also is applied to sort droplets.

Techniques:

Journal: Micromachines

Article Title: Actuation Mechanism of Microvalves: A Review

doi: 10.3390/mi11020172

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic structure of the microvalve : ( a ) The structure of the microvalve; ( b ) The diagram of the 3D geometry model of the frame; ( c ) The cross-sectional view of the valve body.

Article Snippet: In microfluidic systems, the pneumatic microvalve not only is used to merge droplets, but also is applied to sort droplets.

Techniques:

Journal: Micromachines

Article Title: Actuation Mechanism of Microvalves: A Review

doi: 10.3390/mi11020172

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematics of two magnetic microvalves: ( a ) an externally magnetic ON/OFF microvalve ; ( b ) a magnetic microvalve based on MR fluid .

Article Snippet: In microfluidic systems, the pneumatic microvalve not only is used to merge droplets, but also is applied to sort droplets.

Techniques:

Journal: Micromachines

Article Title: Actuation Mechanism of Microvalves: A Review

doi: 10.3390/mi11020172

Figure Lengend Snippet: Parts of the magnetic-actuated microvalve and polycarbonate fluidic cell : ( a ) Experimental set-up; ( b ) Schematics of the system.

Article Snippet: In microfluidic systems, the pneumatic microvalve not only is used to merge droplets, but also is applied to sort droplets.

Techniques:

Journal: Micromachines

Article Title: Actuation Mechanism of Microvalves: A Review

doi: 10.3390/mi11020172

Figure Lengend Snippet: Structure and working principle of microvalve : ( a ) Open state; ( b ) Close state.

Article Snippet: In microfluidic systems, the pneumatic microvalve not only is used to merge droplets, but also is applied to sort droplets.

Techniques:

Journal: Micromachines

Article Title: Actuation Mechanism of Microvalves: A Review

doi: 10.3390/mi11020172

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cross-section view of thermopneumatic microvalve .

Article Snippet: In microfluidic systems, the pneumatic microvalve not only is used to merge droplets, but also is applied to sort droplets.

Techniques:

Journal: Micromachines

Article Title: Actuation Mechanism of Microvalves: A Review

doi: 10.3390/mi11020172

Figure Lengend Snippet: Microvalves based on material and biology properties. NC, normally closed microvalve; NO, normally open microvalve; B, bistable; SMA, shape memory arroy.

Article Snippet: In microfluidic systems, the pneumatic microvalve not only is used to merge droplets, but also is applied to sort droplets.

Techniques: Polymer, Paraffin Wax, Concentration Assay, Control, Drug discovery, Modification

Journal: Micromachines

Article Title: Actuation Mechanism of Microvalves: A Review

doi: 10.3390/mi11020172

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic and SEM of photoresponsive hydrogel microvalve .

Article Snippet: In microfluidic systems, the pneumatic microvalve not only is used to merge droplets, but also is applied to sort droplets.

Techniques:

Journal: Micromachines

Article Title: Actuation Mechanism of Microvalves: A Review

doi: 10.3390/mi11020172

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic of UV/dark actuated wettability conversion in the surface of the microvalve : ( a ) Off status and hydrophobic composite structure before UV irradiation; ( b ) On status and hydrophilic composite structure after UV irradiation.

Article Snippet: In microfluidic systems, the pneumatic microvalve not only is used to merge droplets, but also is applied to sort droplets.

Techniques: Irradiation

Journal: Micromachines

Article Title: Actuation Mechanism of Microvalves: A Review

doi: 10.3390/mi11020172

Figure Lengend Snippet: SEM of pH-sensitive microvalve .

Article Snippet: In microfluidic systems, the pneumatic microvalve not only is used to merge droplets, but also is applied to sort droplets.

Techniques:

Journal: Micromachines

Article Title: Actuation Mechanism of Microvalves: A Review

doi: 10.3390/mi11020172

Figure Lengend Snippet: Working principle of the paraffin microvalve .

Article Snippet: In microfluidic systems, the pneumatic microvalve not only is used to merge droplets, but also is applied to sort droplets.

Techniques:

Journal: Micromachines

Article Title: Actuation Mechanism of Microvalves: A Review

doi: 10.3390/mi11020172

Figure Lengend Snippet: Scheme of the cross-section of the one shot microvalve based on low melting point alloy : ( a ) In the closed position; ( b ) In the open position.

Article Snippet: In microfluidic systems, the pneumatic microvalve not only is used to merge droplets, but also is applied to sort droplets.

Techniques:

Journal: Micromachines

Article Title: Actuation Mechanism of Microvalves: A Review

doi: 10.3390/mi11020172

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic cross-section of the three-way bistable SMA microvalve : ( a ) State I; ( b ) Switching state; ( c ) State II. (b) Switching from state I to state II is performed by directly heating microbridge m1 with an electrical current.

Article Snippet: In microfluidic systems, the pneumatic microvalve not only is used to merge droplets, but also is applied to sort droplets.

Techniques:

Journal: Micromachines

Article Title: Actuation Mechanism of Microvalves: A Review

doi: 10.3390/mi11020172

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparison of different metal materials applied to microvalves.

Article Snippet: In microfluidic systems, the pneumatic microvalve not only is used to merge droplets, but also is applied to sort droplets.

Techniques: Comparison, Sampling, Control

Journal: Micromachines

Article Title: Actuation Mechanism of Microvalves: A Review

doi: 10.3390/mi11020172

Figure Lengend Snippet: A SAW Microvalve in ( a ) the OFF/normally closed state; ( b ) the ON/open state .

Article Snippet: In microfluidic systems, the pneumatic microvalve not only is used to merge droplets, but also is applied to sort droplets.

Techniques:

Journal: Membranes

Article Title: Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis on Membrane Behavior of a Microfluidic Passive Valve

doi: 10.3390/membranes10100300

Figure Lengend Snippet: Pressure distribution for lower surface of the membrane in microvalve. ( a ) Different inlet pressure with n = 2, ( b ) different number of microholes with inlet pressure of 4 kPa.

Article Snippet: This technology, which used elastic membranes to control flow, has been widely applied in the passive microvalve of the microfluidic systems [ , , ].

Techniques: Membrane

Journal: Lab on a chip

Article Title: Cell-laden Microfluidic Microgels for Tissue Regeneration

doi: 10.1039/c6lc01193d

Figure Lengend Snippet: Typical microfluidic device designs. (A) PDMS flow-focusing. (B) PDMS-based pneumatically-actuated microvalves. (C) Capillary co-flow. (D) Capillary flow-focusing.

Article Snippet: PDMS devices with integrated pneumatic microvalves , Thermal , Collagen, gelatin, agarose , Cell-laden microgels (200 μm thick) of different shapes, with single and multiple microchannels of varying shapes, for constructing biomimetic liver lobule comprising a co-culture of hepatocytes and endothelial cells, as a 3D tissue model for in vitro drug toxicity screening , 9.

Techniques:

Journal: Lab on a chip

Article Title: Cell-laden Microfluidic Microgels for Tissue Regeneration

doi: 10.1039/c6lc01193d

Figure Lengend Snippet: Microfluidic microgels for tissue regeneration applications

Article Snippet: PDMS devices with integrated pneumatic microvalves , Thermal , Collagen, gelatin, agarose , Cell-laden microgels (200 μm thick) of different shapes, with single and multiple microchannels of varying shapes, for constructing biomimetic liver lobule comprising a co-culture of hepatocytes and endothelial cells, as a 3D tissue model for in vitro drug toxicity screening , 9.

Techniques: Construct, In Vitro, Drug discovery, Cell Culture

Journal: Lab on a chip

Article Title: Cell-laden Microfluidic Microgels for Tissue Regeneration

doi: 10.1039/c6lc01193d

Figure Lengend Snippet: Microfluidic DE droplets serve as miniature bioreactors to rapidly generate human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) spheroids, which were subsequently encapsulated in alginate-RGD microgels and demonstrated enhanced osteogenic differentiation. (A) Schematic diagram of DE droplet generation and subsequent spheroid formation. Two PDMS flow-focusing devices are connected serially, with the first device producing W/O emulsions and the second device supplementing an outer aqueous phase to generate W/O/W DE emulsions. Cells encapsulated in DE droplets assemble into a single spheroid, which can then be released with or without microgel encapsulation. (B) Diameter of spheroids measured at different densities of encapsulated cells (n ≥ 50). (Data = mean ± SD) (C) Time course images showing the formation of spheroids in 150 min. (D) Control of microenvironment for spheroid culture using DE droplets. (a, b) Confocal images showing phalloidin staining and immunostaining for E-cadherin, integrin a5b1 for spheroids encapsulated in alginate or alginate-RGD gels and cultured in normal media for 3 days. (c, d) Images of alizarin red staining and alkaline phosphatase activity staining using BCIP/NBT as substrate for spheroids cultured in osteogenic medium for 7 days. Adapted from ref. 127 with permission from Nature Publishing Group.

Article Snippet: PDMS devices with integrated pneumatic microvalves , Thermal , Collagen, gelatin, agarose , Cell-laden microgels (200 μm thick) of different shapes, with single and multiple microchannels of varying shapes, for constructing biomimetic liver lobule comprising a co-culture of hepatocytes and endothelial cells, as a 3D tissue model for in vitro drug toxicity screening , 9.

Techniques: Encapsulation, Control, Staining, Immunostaining, Cell Culture, Activity Assay

Journal: Lab on a chip

Article Title: Cell-laden Microfluidic Microgels for Tissue Regeneration

doi: 10.1039/c6lc01193d

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Microfluidic construction of the 3D scaffold consisting of an aqueous core and a hydrogel shell. (a) Crosslinking of the alginate network by triggered release of Ca2+ from the Ca-EDTA complex. (b) Schematic diagram of the PDMS device. (c) Fabrication of core–shell droplets using W/W/O DEs as templates. (d) Monodisperse core–shell droplets generated using droplet-based microfluidics. The alginate shell is labeled with fluorescein, as shown in the inset. (B) Simultaneous assembly of hepatocytes in the core and fibroblasts in the shell, forming an artificial liver in a droplet. Cell viability is characterized by the calcein AM/EthD-1 staining kit. Scale bar = 100 μm. (C) Co-culture of hepatocytes and fibroblasts in the core–shell spheroids. (a) High viability of cells encapsulated in the spheroids after being frozen at −80 °C for two weeks and then thawed at 37 °C. (b) Co-culture of cells encapsulated in the spheroids for 10 days showing high cell viability. (c) The viability of cells cultured for 14 days decreases slightly. Cell viability is characterized by the calcein AM/EthD-1 staining kit. Scale bar = 100 μm. (D) Comprehensive assays of liver-specific functions of the hepatocyte/fibroblast co-culture and the hepatocyte only culture. (a) Albumin secretion and (b) urea synthesis of HepG2/NIH-3T3 co-culture and HepG2 culture measured over seven days. *p < 0.01. Adapted from ref. 18 with permission from the Royal Society of Chemistry.

Article Snippet: PDMS devices with integrated pneumatic microvalves , Thermal , Collagen, gelatin, agarose , Cell-laden microgels (200 μm thick) of different shapes, with single and multiple microchannels of varying shapes, for constructing biomimetic liver lobule comprising a co-culture of hepatocytes and endothelial cells, as a 3D tissue model for in vitro drug toxicity screening , 9.

Techniques: Generated, Labeling, Staining, Co-Culture Assay, Cell Culture

Journal: Polymers

Article Title: Functional Polymers Structures for (Bio)Sensing Application—A Review

doi: 10.3390/polym12051154

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic draw of electrochemically-actuated microvalve based on two electrodes (Zn/PT and modified Pt) described by Biswas et al., based on .

Article Snippet: Biswas et al. introduced a new electrochemically-actuated microvalve, which does not need any external power source and fits for autonomous stand-alone microfluidic systems [ ].

Techniques: Modification