Journal: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Article Title: Differential In Vitro Activities of Individual Drugs and Bedaquiline-Rifabutin Combinations against Actively Multiplying and Nutrient-Starved Mycobacterium abscessus

doi: 10.1128/AAC.02179-20

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vitro drug activity against actively growing and nutrient-starved M. abscessus. Bacterial populations were exposed to amikacin (A), bedaquiline (B), clofazimine (C), imipenem (D), linezolid (E), and rifabutin (F) for up to 7 days in each of the following conditions: cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton broth (CAMHB) (left panel); nutrient starvation in PBS for 7 days prior to drug exposure (NS-7, middle panel); and nutrient starvation in PBS for 14 days prior to drug exposure (NS-14, right panel). Overgrowth and clumping of bacteria in CAMHB precluded CFU determination in all no-drug controls and in some of the samples with lower drug concentrations at day 3 and/or day 7. The lower limit of detection was 0.48 log10 CFU/ml. All CFU data are provided in Tables S1 to S6 in the supplemental material.

Article Snippet: MIC/MBC of bedaquiline and rifabutin alone for M. abscessus in CAMHB and Middlebrook 7H9 broth.

Techniques: In Vitro, Activity Assay, Bacteria

Journal: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Article Title: Differential In Vitro Activities of Individual Drugs and Bedaquiline-Rifabutin Combinations against Actively Multiplying and Nutrient-Starved Mycobacterium abscessus

doi: 10.1128/AAC.02179-20

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vitro clarithromycin activity against actively growing and nutrient-starved M. abscessus. Bacterial populations were exposed to clarithromycin for up to 14 days in the following conditions: cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton broth (CAMHB) (left panel); nutrient starvation for 7 days prior to drug exposure (middle panel); and nutrient starvation for 14 days prior to drug exposure (right panel). Overgrowth and clumping of bacteria precluded accurate CFU determination in the no-drug controls in CAMHB. The lower limit of detection was 0.48 log10 CFU/ml. All CFU data are provided in Table S7.

Article Snippet: MIC/MBC of bedaquiline and rifabutin alone for M. abscessus in CAMHB and Middlebrook 7H9 broth.

Techniques: In Vitro, Activity Assay, Bacteria

Journal: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Article Title: Differential In Vitro Activities of Individual Drugs and Bedaquiline-Rifabutin Combinations against Actively Multiplying and Nutrient-Starved Mycobacterium abscessus

doi: 10.1128/AAC.02179-20

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vitro activity of bedaquiline (BDQ) alone and in combination with rifabutin (RFB) against actively growing and nutrient-starved M. abscessus. Bacterial populations were exposed to bedaquiline alone (A), or bedaquiline plus rifabutin at fixed concentrations of 1 μg/ml (B), 2 μg/ml (C), or 4 μg/ml (D) in the following conditions: cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton broth (CAMHB, left panel); 7H9 broth with 10% Middlebrook oleic acid-albumin-dextrose-catalase (OADC) supplement (middle panel); and nutrient starvation in PBS for 14 days (NS-14) prior to drug exposure (right panel). Overgrowth and clumping of bacteria in CAMHB or 7H9 broth precluded CFU determination for the no-drug controls and some samples with lower drug concentrations at day 7. The lower limit of detection was 0.48 log10 CFU/ml. All CFU data are provided in Tables S2 and S9.

Article Snippet: MIC/MBC of bedaquiline and rifabutin alone for M. abscessus in CAMHB and Middlebrook 7H9 broth.

Techniques: In Vitro, Activity Assay, Bacteria

Journal: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Article Title: Differential In Vitro Activities of Individual Drugs and Bedaquiline-Rifabutin Combinations against Actively Multiplying and Nutrient-Starved Mycobacterium abscessus

doi: 10.1128/AAC.02179-20

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vitro activity of rifabutin (RFB) alone and in combination with bedaquiline (BDQ) against actively growing and nutrient-starved M. abscessus. Bacterial populations were exposed to rifabutin alone (A), or rifabutin plus bedaquiline at fixed concentrations of 0.03125 μg/ml (B) or 0.125 μg/ml (C) in the following conditions: cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton broth (CAMHB, left panel); 7H9 broth with 10% Middlebrook oleic acid-albumin-dextrose-catalase (OADC) supplement (middle panel); and nutrient starvation in PBS for 14 days (NS-14) prior to drug exposure (right panel). Overgrowth and clumping of bacteria in CAMHB or 7H9 broth precluded CFU determination for the no-drug controls and some samples with lower drug concentrations at day 3 or day 7. The lower limit of detection was 0.48 log10 CFU/ml. All CFU data are provided in Tables S6 and S10.

Article Snippet: MIC/MBC of bedaquiline and rifabutin alone for M. abscessus in CAMHB and Middlebrook 7H9 broth.

Techniques: In Vitro, Activity Assay, Bacteria

Journal: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Article Title: Differential In Vitro Activities of Individual Drugs and Bedaquiline-Rifabutin Combinations against Actively Multiplying and Nutrient-Starved Mycobacterium abscessus

doi: 10.1128/AAC.02179-20

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vitro activity of bedaquiline (BDQ) alone and in combination with rifabutin (RFB) and amikacin (AMK) against actively growing and nutrient-starved M. abscessus. Bacterial populations were exposed to bedaquiline alone (A), or bedaquiline plus rifabutin at fixed concentrations of 1 μg/ml (B and D) or 2 μg/ml (C and E), and amikacin at fixed concentrations of 4 μg/ml (B and C) or 16 μg/ml (C and D), in the following conditions: cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton broth (CAMHB, left panel) and nutrient starvation in PBS for 14 days (NS-14) prior to drug exposure (right panel). Overgrowth and clumping of bacteria in CAMHB precluded CFU determination for the no-drug controls and some samples with lower drug concentrations at day 7. The lower limit of detection was 0.48 log10 CFU/ml. All CFU data, including data for additional bedaquiline concentrations not included in the graphs, are provided in Tables S2 and S11.

Article Snippet: MIC/MBC of bedaquiline and rifabutin alone for M. abscessus in CAMHB and Middlebrook 7H9 broth.

Techniques: In Vitro, Activity Assay, Bacteria

Journal: Infection and Drug Resistance

Article Title: The Homologous Gene of Chromosomal Virulence D ( chvD ) Presents High Resolution as a Novel Biomarker in Mycobacterium Species Identification

doi: 10.2147/IDR.S422191

Figure Lengend Snippet: chvD sequence matches among types/reference strains

Article Snippet: M. abscessus subsp. bolletii , BD , AP018436.1 , RGM , M. abscessus subsp. massiliense , 96.88% , M. chelonae , 88.83%.

Techniques: Sequencing

Journal: Infection and Drug Resistance

Article Title: The Homologous Gene of Chromosomal Virulence D ( chvD ) Presents High Resolution as a Novel Biomarker in Mycobacterium Species Identification

doi: 10.2147/IDR.S422191

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparison of mycobacteria identified by 16S rRNA/ITS/ hsp65 / rpoB gene sequencing and chvD sequencing among the 179 clinical isolates a

Article Snippet: M. abscessus subsp. bolletii , BD , AP018436.1 , RGM , M. abscessus subsp. massiliense , 96.88% , M. chelonae , 88.83%.

Techniques: Comparison, Sequencing

Journal: GigaByte

Article Title: Mycobacterial metabolic model development for drug target identification

doi: 10.46471/gigabyte.80

Figure Lengend Snippet: Mycobacterial metabolic model development for drug target identification: My. abscessus and M. leprae .

Article Snippet: Automated draft reconstructions of M. leprae and My. abscessus were downloaded from BioModels and evaluated against other organism-specific databases, such as BioCyc, (RRID: SCR_002298 ) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG, RRID: SCR_012773 ) [ , ] .

Techniques: Drug discovery

Journal: GigaByte

Article Title: Mycobacterial metabolic model development for drug target identification

doi: 10.46471/gigabyte.80

Figure Lengend Snippet: Overall capability of the models: My. abscessus ( i Mab22) and M. leprae and ( i Mlep22).

Article Snippet: Automated draft reconstructions of M. leprae and My. abscessus were downloaded from BioModels and evaluated against other organism-specific databases, such as BioCyc, (RRID: SCR_002298 ) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG, RRID: SCR_012773 ) [ , ] .

Techniques:

Journal: GigaByte

Article Title: Mycobacterial metabolic model development for drug target identification

doi: 10.46471/gigabyte.80

Figure Lengend Snippet: Unique/bottleneck reactions in My. abscessus and M. leprae in relation to M. tuberculosis .

Article Snippet: Automated draft reconstructions of M. leprae and My. abscessus were downloaded from BioModels and evaluated against other organism-specific databases, such as BioCyc, (RRID: SCR_002298 ) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG, RRID: SCR_012773 ) [ , ] .

Techniques:

Journal: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM

Article Title: Effect of Coptis chinensis on Biofilm Formation and Antibiotic Susceptibility in Mycobacterium abscessus

doi: 10.1155/2020/9754357

Figure Lengend Snippet: Susceptibility of M. abscessus to C. chinensis or berberine-HCl. The CFU formed of M. abscessus in 7H9 medium alone (the control group) and after treatment with the indicated concentrations of C. chinensis or berberine-HCl were counted by plating. Survival CFU and the relative percentage were expressed. As determined by the Mann–Whitney Rank Sum Test, statistically significant reductions (asterisk) in relative percentage of survival CFU of M. abscessus were observed for 1/4 × MIC, 1/2 × MIC, MIC, 2 × MIC, and 4 × MIC following the addition of Coptis chinensis (a) and 1/4 × MIC, 1/2 × MIC, MIC, and 2 × MIC following the addition of berberine-HCl (b). CFU: colony forming unit. CTL: control. MIC: minimal inhibitory cncentration. Error bars indicate standard deviations. ∗ p < 0.05 and ∗∗ p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: For this study, the M. abscessus strain, which was purchased from the College of American Pathologists for qualification of Medical Technologist, from the stock of Medical Laboratory of the Tamshui Branch of Mackay Memorial Hospital in Taiwan, was chosen to represent rapidly growing mycobacterium (RGM).

Techniques: Control, MANN-WHITNEY

Journal: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM

Article Title: Effect of Coptis chinensis on Biofilm Formation and Antibiotic Susceptibility in Mycobacterium abscessus

doi: 10.1155/2020/9754357

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparative effects of indicated concentration of C. chinensis and berberine-HCl on the biofilm formation of M. abscessus . M. abscessus was grown in 7H9 broth (control) and under the concentrations of ¼ × MIC, ½ × MIC, MIC, and 2 × MIC of C. chinensis (a) and berberine-HCl (b) at 30°C for 14 days. M. abscessus solution was incubated at 30°C for 14 days (i). After 14 days, nonadherent M. abscessus was removed (ii). The adherent M. abscessus was stained with 3 mL of 0.1% safranin solution at room temperature for 30 min (iii). The safranin stained biofilm was solubilized in acetic acid and then was removed to 96-well PVC plates for measuring the differences in optical density 492 ( λ = 492 nm) (iv). The photo represented biofilm solutions of control and indicated concentrations of C. chinensis and berberine-HCl. Mean values of three independent experiments and standard deviations were shown. The Mann–Whitney Rank Sum Test was used to calculate statistical significance. An asterisk indicates a significant difference between the control group and indicated concentration groups. Statistically significant inhibition on the biofilm formation of M. abscessus was observed for 1/4 × MIC, 1/2 × MIC, MIC, and 2 × MIC concentrations of C. chinensis and 1/2 × MIC, MIC, and 2 × MIC concentrations of berberine-HCl. CTL denotes control. MIC denotes minimal inhibitory concentration.

Article Snippet: For this study, the M. abscessus strain, which was purchased from the College of American Pathologists for qualification of Medical Technologist, from the stock of Medical Laboratory of the Tamshui Branch of Mackay Memorial Hospital in Taiwan, was chosen to represent rapidly growing mycobacterium (RGM).

Techniques: Concentration Assay, Control, Incubation, Staining, MANN-WHITNEY, Inhibition

Journal: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM

Article Title: Effect of Coptis chinensis on Biofilm Formation and Antibiotic Susceptibility in Mycobacterium abscessus

doi: 10.1155/2020/9754357

Figure Lengend Snippet: Minimal inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics alone and in combination with Coptis chinensis in different concentrations to treat Mycobacterium abscessus .

Article Snippet: For this study, the M. abscessus strain, which was purchased from the College of American Pathologists for qualification of Medical Technologist, from the stock of Medical Laboratory of the Tamshui Branch of Mackay Memorial Hospital in Taiwan, was chosen to represent rapidly growing mycobacterium (RGM).

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM

Article Title: Effect of Coptis chinensis on Biofilm Formation and Antibiotic Susceptibility in Mycobacterium abscessus

doi: 10.1155/2020/9754357

Figure Lengend Snippet: Minimal inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics alone and in combination with berberine-HCl at different concentrations to treat Mycobacterium abscessus .

Article Snippet: For this study, the M. abscessus strain, which was purchased from the College of American Pathologists for qualification of Medical Technologist, from the stock of Medical Laboratory of the Tamshui Branch of Mackay Memorial Hospital in Taiwan, was chosen to represent rapidly growing mycobacterium (RGM).

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal: PLOS ONE

Article Title: Quantitative evaluation of Mycobacterium abscessus clinical isolate virulence using a silkworm infection model

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278773

Figure Lengend Snippet: Silkworms were injected with saline (50 μl) or M . abscessus subsp. abscessus ATCC19977 cell suspension (1.4 x 10 7 cells per 50 μl) and incubated at ( A ) 27˚C and ( B ) 37˚C. The curves were drawn by the Kaplan-Meier method. Seven silkworms were used per group. ( C ) Silkworms were injected with M . abscessus subsp. abscessus ATCC19977 cell suspension (2.9 x 10 8 cells per 50 μl) and incubated at 27˚C and 37˚C. Silkworm hemolymph was harvested at 18 h post-infection. Statistically significant differences between groups were evaluated using the Student t -test. Three silkworms were used per group.

Article Snippet: M . abscessus subsp. abscessus cells grown in Middlebrook 7H9 broth were suspended in saline.

Techniques: Injection, Saline, Suspension, Incubation, Infection

Journal: PLOS ONE

Article Title: Quantitative evaluation of Mycobacterium abscessus clinical isolate virulence using a silkworm infection model

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278773

Figure Lengend Snippet: Silkworms were injected with saline (50 μl) or M . abscessus subsp. abscessus ATCC19977 cell suspension (4 x 10 5 –1 x 10 8 cells per 50 μl) and incubated at 37˚C for 2 days. The numbers of live and dead silkworms are indicated as 1 and 0, respectively. The curve represents data from 6 independent experiments combined in a simple logistic regression model. One hundred twenty-nine silkworms were used in the experiment.

Article Snippet: M . abscessus subsp. abscessus cells grown in Middlebrook 7H9 broth were suspended in saline.

Techniques: Injection, Saline, Suspension, Incubation

Journal: PLOS ONE

Article Title: Quantitative evaluation of Mycobacterium abscessus clinical isolate virulence using a silkworm infection model

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278773

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Experiment schematic. ( B ) Silkworms were injected with M . abscessus subsp. abscessus ATCC19977 cell suspensions (5 x 10 8 cells per 50 μl) and incubated at 37˚C. Silkworm hemolymph was harvested at 3 or 18 h post-infection. The viable cell number of M . abscessus subsp. abscessus was measured by counting the colony-forming units (CFU). Statistically significant differences between groups were evaluated using the Student t -test. Three silkworms were used per group.

Article Snippet: M . abscessus subsp. abscessus cells grown in Middlebrook 7H9 broth were suspended in saline.

Techniques: Injection, Incubation, Infection

Journal: PLOS ONE

Article Title: Quantitative evaluation of Mycobacterium abscessus clinical isolate virulence using a silkworm infection model

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278773

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Silkworms were injected with either saline (50 μl), M . abscessus subsp. abscessus ATCC19977 cell suspension (1.1 x 10 7 cells per 50 μl), or autoclaved M . abscessus subsp. abscessus ATCC19977 cell suspension and incubated at 37˚C. Ten silkworms were used per group. ( B ) Silkworms were injected with either saline (50 μl) or M . abscessus subsp. abscessus ATCC19977 cell suspension (6.3 x 10 7 cells per 50 μl) followed by clarithromycin (25 μg g -1 larva). The number of surviving silkworms following incubation at 37˚C was measured for 66 h. Statistically significant differences between groups were evaluated using a log-rank test based on the curves by the Kaplan-Meier method. Ten silkworms were used per group.

Article Snippet: M . abscessus subsp. abscessus cells grown in Middlebrook 7H9 broth were suspended in saline.

Techniques: Injection, Saline, Suspension, Incubation

Journal: PLOS ONE

Article Title: Quantitative evaluation of Mycobacterium abscessus clinical isolate virulence using a silkworm infection model

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278773

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A - C ) Silkworms were injected with either saline (50 μl), M . abscessus subsp. abscessus , Mb-7, Mb-10, Mb-14, Mb-16, Mb-17, Mb-18, or Mb-22 cell suspensions (2 x 10 5 –3.5 x 10 7 cells per 50 μl) and incubated at 37˚C. Live and dead silkworms are indicated as 1 and 0, respectively. Curves represent data from 3 independent experiments combined in a simple logistic regression model. In each experiment, 39–54 silkworms were used. ( D ) Plot of LD 50 values determined from A-C.

Article Snippet: M . abscessus subsp. abscessus cells grown in Middlebrook 7H9 broth were suspended in saline.

Techniques: Injection, Saline, Incubation

Journal: PLOS ONE

Article Title: Quantitative evaluation of Mycobacterium abscessus clinical isolate virulence using a silkworm infection model

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278773

Figure Lengend Snippet: Silkworms were injected with saline (50 μl) or M . abscessus subsp. abscessus Mb-10 cell suspension (3.6 x 10 8 cells per 50 μl) or Mb-17 cell suspension (3.8 x 10 8 cells per 50 μl) and incubated at 37˚C. Silkworm hemolymph was harvested at 18 h post-infection. Five silkworms were used per group. Statistically significant differences between groups were evaluated using the Student t -test.

Article Snippet: M . abscessus subsp. abscessus cells grown in Middlebrook 7H9 broth were suspended in saline.

Techniques: Injection, Saline, Suspension, Incubation, Infection

Journal: PLOS ONE

Article Title: Quantitative evaluation of Mycobacterium abscessus clinical isolate virulence using a silkworm infection model

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278773

Figure Lengend Snippet: Attached-cell counts of human THP-1 macrophages at 48 h after infection with M . abscessus subsp. abscessus Mb-10 or Mb-17 cells at a multiplicity of infection of 50. The number of nuclei of macrophages attached to the well was calculated using High-Content Imaging System Operetta CLS with Harmony software. Three independent samples were used per group. Statistically significant differences between groups were evaluated using the Turkey test with one-way ANOVA.

Article Snippet: M . abscessus subsp. abscessus cells grown in Middlebrook 7H9 broth were suspended in saline.

Techniques: Infection, Imaging, Software

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: A mouse model of pulmonary Mycobacteroides abscessus infection

doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-60452-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: M. abscessus burden in the lungs of mice receiving different corticosteroid treatments. Horizontal bars designate the duration of the treatment conditions relative to sacrifice time points. Plot of mean lung log 10 CFU.

Article Snippet: We also evaluated six clinical de-identified M. abscessus strains archived in the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory of the Johns Hopkins University Hospital.

Techniques:

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: A mouse model of pulmonary Mycobacteroides abscessus infection

doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-60452-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: M. abscessus burden in the lungs of mice receiving different corticosteroid treatments.

Article Snippet: We also evaluated six clinical de-identified M. abscessus strains archived in the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory of the Johns Hopkins University Hospital.

Techniques:

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: A mouse model of pulmonary Mycobacteroides abscessus infection

doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-60452-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: Lung histology images from the DXA treatment group examined with Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E), Acid fast bacilli (AFB) and Masson Trichrome (MAS) stains. Lesions observed in H&E are designated with arrows. AFB stains M. abscessus purple/red and some of the stained rods are indicated using arrowheads. MAS stains collagen blue to investigate any irregular collagen deposition and fibrosis. At week 3 there was one small lesion on H&E ( A ) with high bacterial burden observable ( B ), low levels of immune infiltrate and no fibrosis ( C ). At week 7 we observed an organized histiocytic granuloma, with lymphocytic infiltrate observable at higher magnification (inset, D ). There were low numbers of bacilli present which all appeared to be intracellular ( E ) and no fibrosis ( F ). (H&E insets 50x magnification).

Article Snippet: We also evaluated six clinical de-identified M. abscessus strains archived in the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory of the Johns Hopkins University Hospital.

Techniques: Staining

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: A mouse model of pulmonary Mycobacteroides abscessus infection

doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-60452-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: Investigation into intranasal administration of biapenem in the DXA model of M. abscessus infection. Mean ± SD lung log 10 CFU in mice that did not receive biapenem (−), subcutaneously delivered biapenem (SB), and intranasally delivered biapenem groups (IB), after one week of treatment. (*p < 0.05).

Article Snippet: We also evaluated six clinical de-identified M. abscessus strains archived in the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory of the Johns Hopkins University Hospital.

Techniques: Infection

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: A mouse model of pulmonary Mycobacteroides abscessus infection

doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-60452-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: Burden of six clinical M. abscessus isolates in the lungs of mice. Plot of mean lung log 10 CFU.

Article Snippet: We also evaluated six clinical de-identified M. abscessus strains archived in the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory of the Johns Hopkins University Hospital.

Techniques: