Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: Pea Broth Enhances the Biocontrol Efficacy of Lysobacter capsici AZ78 by Triggering Cell Motility Associated with Biogenesis of Type IV Pilus

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01136

Figure Lengend Snippet: Bacterial strains.

Article Snippet: Lysobacter arseniciresistens , DSM 2723 T , Soil , DSMZ.

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: Pea Broth Enhances the Biocontrol Efficacy of Lysobacter capsici AZ78 by Triggering Cell Motility Associated with Biogenesis of Type IV Pilus

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01136

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of pea broth on the plant protection efficacy of Lysobacter capsici AZ78.

Article Snippet: Lysobacter arseniciresistens , DSM 2723 T , Soil , DSMZ.

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: Pea Broth Enhances the Biocontrol Efficacy of Lysobacter capsici AZ78 by Triggering Cell Motility Associated with Biogenesis of Type IV Pilus

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01136

Figure Lengend Snippet: Motility of the Lysobacter species on inert surfaces. The swimming (A) , swarming (B) and twitching (C) motility of the Lysobacter species (colony area, mm 2 ) was evaluated on Swimming Agar, (SWM), Pea Agar Medium 0.3 (PAM 0.3), Luria Bertani Agar 0.5 (LBA 0.5), Swarming agar (SWR), Pea Agar Medium 0.5 (PAM 0.5), Luria Bertani Agar 1 (LBA 1), and Pea Agar Medium 1 (PAM 1). An F -test revealed non-significant differences between experiments ( P values ranged from 0.12 to 0.81 for the motility assay) and data from the three experiments were pooled. Mean colony area and standard error values were calculated as the pool of nine replicates (Petri dishes) from three experiments. For each strain, asterisks indicate values that differ significantly according to Student’s t -test (α = 0.05) in the pairwise comparison of SWM and PAM 0.3, and LBA 1 against PAM 1. In the swarming assay for each strain, different letters indicate significant differences according to Tukey’s test (α = 0.05). 1, L. capsici AZ78; 2, L. capsici 55; 3, L. capsici 6.2.3.; 4, L. capsici DSM 19286 T ; 5, L. capsici DSM 23109; 6, L. capsici M143; 7, L. antibioticus DSM 2044 T ; 8, L. enzymogenes DSM 2043 T ; 9, L. daejeonensis DSM 17634 T ; 10, L. gummosus DSM 6980 T ; 11, L. brunescens DSM 6979 T ; 12, L. spongiicola DSM 21744 T ; 13, L. arseniciresistens DSM 2723 T . Pictures of L. capsici AZ78 motility on SWM (D) , PAM 0.3 (E) , LBA 0.5 (F) , PAM 0.5 (G) , LBA 1 (I) , and PAM 1 (J) . The images were captured using Bio-Rad Quantity One software. The detail of the biosurfactant ring (H) was taken with a LMD7000 instrument (Leica Microsystems), software LAS V3.7 (Leica Microsystems); Magnification X-5, bar 200 μm.

Article Snippet: Lysobacter arseniciresistens , DSM 2723 T , Soil , DSMZ.

Techniques: Motility Assay, Comparison, Software

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: Pea Broth Enhances the Biocontrol Efficacy of Lysobacter capsici AZ78 by Triggering Cell Motility Associated with Biogenesis of Type IV Pilus

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01136

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of pea broth deposited on grapevine leaves on in vitro motility of Lysobacter capsici AZ78. The bacterial colony area (mm 2 ) of L. capsici AZ78 was measured on media (0.5% Agar) coming from the leaf-washing suspension of grapevines treated with pea broth (PB) and distilled water (H 2 O). An F -test revealed non-significant differences between experiments ( P = 0.73), and data from the two experiments were pooled. Mean and standard error values were calculated as the pool of three replicates from two experiments. Asterisks indicate values that differ significantly according to Student’s t -test (α = 0.05).

Article Snippet: Lysobacter arseniciresistens , DSM 2723 T , Soil , DSMZ.

Techniques: In Vitro, Suspension

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: Pea Broth Enhances the Biocontrol Efficacy of Lysobacter capsici AZ78 by Triggering Cell Motility Associated with Biogenesis of Type IV Pilus

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01136

Figure Lengend Snippet: Type IV pili gene organization in the Lysobacter capsici AZ78 genome. Putative genes encoding structural components of the type IV pilus are in gray, and putative genes encoding regulatory components are in white. The gene names are given above the arrows. The corresponding accession number is given under each gene.

Article Snippet: Lysobacter arseniciresistens , DSM 2723 T , Soil , DSMZ.

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: Pea Broth Enhances the Biocontrol Efficacy of Lysobacter capsici AZ78 by Triggering Cell Motility Associated with Biogenesis of Type IV Pilus

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01136

Figure Lengend Snippet: Expression analysis of flagella and type IV pili-related genes in Lysobacter capsici AZ78. The expression of genes encoding flagellar (A) and type IV pili (B) regulatory and structural proteins was analyzed when L. capsici AZ78 was grown for 20 h on Luria Bertani Agar (LBA 0.5), Swarming Agar (SWR) and Pea Agar Medium (PAM 0.5); the media were amended with 0.5% Agar (w/v). Relative expression levels were calculated using recA as the constitutive gene for data normalization, and data were calibrated on L. capsici AZ78 growth on LBA 0.5 samples. An F -test revealed non-significant differences between experiments ( P values ranged from 0.08 to 0.96, for the genes tested), and data from the two experiments were pooled. Mean and standard error values were calculated as the pool of six replicates from two experiments. For each gene, different letters indicate significant differences according to Tukey’s test (α = 0.05). (A) Flagellar genes: 1, flhB ; 2, fliR ; 3, flgE ; 4, flgI ; 5, fliH ; 6, fliA. (B) T4P genes: 1, pilA .1; 2, pilA .2; 3, pilZ ; 4, pilY 1; 5, pilB ; 6, clp ; 7, fimX ; 8, rpoN ; 9, pilM ; 10 pilG ; 11, pilI ; 12, pilL ; 13, pilJ ; 14, pilQ .

Article Snippet: Lysobacter arseniciresistens , DSM 2723 T , Soil , DSMZ.

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: Pea Broth Enhances the Biocontrol Efficacy of Lysobacter capsici AZ78 by Triggering Cell Motility Associated with Biogenesis of Type IV Pilus

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01136

Figure Lengend Snippet: Influence of pea concentrations on Lysobacter capsici AZ78 motility. The motility of Lysobacter capsici AZ78 was monitored on Pea Agar Medium (0.5% Agar) containing 12.5, 6.0, 3.0, and 1.5% frozen peas. An F -test revealed non-significant differences between experiments ( P = 0.84), and data from the three experiments were pooled. Mean colony area (mm 2 ) and standard error values were calculated as the pool of nine replicates (Petri dishes) from three experiments. Different letters indicate significant differences according to Tukey’s test (α = 0.05).

Article Snippet: Lysobacter arseniciresistens , DSM 2723 T , Soil , DSMZ.

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: Pea Broth Enhances the Biocontrol Efficacy of Lysobacter capsici AZ78 by Triggering Cell Motility Associated with Biogenesis of Type IV Pilus

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01136

Figure Lengend Snippet: Visualization of type IV pili of Lysobacter capsici AZ78 using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Pilus-like structures (arrows) emerge at the pole of L. capsici AZ78 cells grown on Pea Agar Medium amended with 0.5% Agar (w/v; A,C ) and these structures are absent in cells grown on Luria Bertani Agar amended with 0.5% Agar (w/v; B,D ). A and B, magnification X-19000, black bar 500 nm. (C,D) , magnification X-64000, white bar 150 nm.

Article Snippet: Lysobacter arseniciresistens , DSM 2723 T , Soil , DSMZ.

Techniques: Transmission Assay, Electron Microscopy

Journal: Nutrients

Article Title: A Comparison of Psychophysical Dose-Response Behaviour across 16 Sweeteners

doi: 10.3390/nu10111632

Figure Lengend Snippet: Characteristics of the 16 sweeteners used.

Article Snippet: The sweeteners used in this study were sucrose (SIS, NTUC Fairprice Supermarket, Singapore), dextrose monohydrate (Suntop Enterprise, Singapore), fructose (Suntop Enterprise, Singapore), allulose ( d -psicose; Matsutani Co., Osaka, Japan), palatinose (isomaltulose; Beneo, Singapore), xylitol (Roquette, Lille, France), sorbitol (Suntop Enterprise, Singapore), mannitol (Roquette, Lille, France), erythritol (iHerb, Perris, CA, USA), acesulfame-K (Celanese, Irving, Texas, USA), sucralose (Tate & Lyle, McIntosh, AL, USA), aspartame (Suntop Enterprise, Singapore), luo han guo extract (50.6% mogroside V; Hunan Huacheng Biotech Inc., Hunan, China) and stevia (68.0% rebaudioside A; Suntop Enterprise, Singapore).

Techniques:

Journal: Nutrients

Article Title: A Comparison of Psychophysical Dose-Response Behaviour across 16 Sweeteners

doi: 10.3390/nu10111632

Figure Lengend Snippet: Concentrations tested for each of the sweetener set by weight basis (% w / v ).

Article Snippet: The sweeteners used in this study were sucrose (SIS, NTUC Fairprice Supermarket, Singapore), dextrose monohydrate (Suntop Enterprise, Singapore), fructose (Suntop Enterprise, Singapore), allulose ( d -psicose; Matsutani Co., Osaka, Japan), palatinose (isomaltulose; Beneo, Singapore), xylitol (Roquette, Lille, France), sorbitol (Suntop Enterprise, Singapore), mannitol (Roquette, Lille, France), erythritol (iHerb, Perris, CA, USA), acesulfame-K (Celanese, Irving, Texas, USA), sucralose (Tate & Lyle, McIntosh, AL, USA), aspartame (Suntop Enterprise, Singapore), luo han guo extract (50.6% mogroside V; Hunan Huacheng Biotech Inc., Hunan, China) and stevia (68.0% rebaudioside A; Suntop Enterprise, Singapore).

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal: Nutrients

Article Title: A Comparison of Psychophysical Dose-Response Behaviour across 16 Sweeteners

doi: 10.3390/nu10111632

Figure Lengend Snippet: Slope and y-intercept values of linear fit between log sweetness intensity and log concentration (% w / v ).

Article Snippet: The sweeteners used in this study were sucrose (SIS, NTUC Fairprice Supermarket, Singapore), dextrose monohydrate (Suntop Enterprise, Singapore), fructose (Suntop Enterprise, Singapore), allulose ( d -psicose; Matsutani Co., Osaka, Japan), palatinose (isomaltulose; Beneo, Singapore), xylitol (Roquette, Lille, France), sorbitol (Suntop Enterprise, Singapore), mannitol (Roquette, Lille, France), erythritol (iHerb, Perris, CA, USA), acesulfame-K (Celanese, Irving, Texas, USA), sucralose (Tate & Lyle, McIntosh, AL, USA), aspartame (Suntop Enterprise, Singapore), luo han guo extract (50.6% mogroside V; Hunan Huacheng Biotech Inc., Hunan, China) and stevia (68.0% rebaudioside A; Suntop Enterprise, Singapore).

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal: Nutrients

Article Title: A Comparison of Psychophysical Dose-Response Behaviour across 16 Sweeteners

doi: 10.3390/nu10111632

Figure Lengend Snippet: Concentrations matching for equi-sweetness and sweetness potency of 15 sweeteners to 5%, 10% and 15% w / v sucrose.

Article Snippet: The sweeteners used in this study were sucrose (SIS, NTUC Fairprice Supermarket, Singapore), dextrose monohydrate (Suntop Enterprise, Singapore), fructose (Suntop Enterprise, Singapore), allulose ( d -psicose; Matsutani Co., Osaka, Japan), palatinose (isomaltulose; Beneo, Singapore), xylitol (Roquette, Lille, France), sorbitol (Suntop Enterprise, Singapore), mannitol (Roquette, Lille, France), erythritol (iHerb, Perris, CA, USA), acesulfame-K (Celanese, Irving, Texas, USA), sucralose (Tate & Lyle, McIntosh, AL, USA), aspartame (Suntop Enterprise, Singapore), luo han guo extract (50.6% mogroside V; Hunan Huacheng Biotech Inc., Hunan, China) and stevia (68.0% rebaudioside A; Suntop Enterprise, Singapore).

Techniques: