Journal: European Journal of Applied Physiology

Article Title: Effects of bovine whey protein on exercise-induced gut permeability in healthy adults: a randomised controlled trial

doi: 10.1007/s00421-024-05423-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: LC–MS/MS PRM inclusion list

Article Snippet: Internal standards, 13 C 6 mannitol and 13 C 12 lactulose, were supplied by Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Dallas, Texas, USA).

Techniques: Isolation

Journal: European Journal of Applied Physiology

Article Title: Effects of bovine whey protein on exercise-induced gut permeability in healthy adults: a randomised controlled trial

doi: 10.1007/s00421-024-05423-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: Analyte calibration and repeatability metrics

Article Snippet: Internal standards, 13 C 6 mannitol and 13 C 12 lactulose, were supplied by Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Dallas, Texas, USA).

Techniques:

Journal: European Journal of Applied Physiology

Article Title: Effects of bovine whey protein on exercise-induced gut permeability in healthy adults: a randomised controlled trial

doi: 10.1007/s00421-024-05423-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: Testing for carryover effects. Graphs show the estimated marginal means and 95% confidence intervals for a baseline lactulose/rhamnose, and b baseline lactulose/mannitol recovery ratios

Article Snippet: Internal standards, 13 C 6 mannitol and 13 C 12 lactulose, were supplied by Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Dallas, Texas, USA).

Techniques:

Journal: European Journal of Applied Physiology

Article Title: Effects of bovine whey protein on exercise-induced gut permeability in healthy adults: a randomised controlled trial

doi: 10.1007/s00421-024-05423-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of treatment on exercise-induced gut permeability. Graphs show the estimated marginal means and 95% confidence intervals for a lactulose/rhamnose, and b lactulose/mannitol recovery ratios

Article Snippet: Internal standards, 13 C 6 mannitol and 13 C 12 lactulose, were supplied by Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Dallas, Texas, USA).

Techniques: Permeability

Journal: Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Article Title: Chemo-enzymatic synthesis of Neu5Gc-containing sialylated lactulose

doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v16i7.26

Figure Lengend Snippet: Scheme 2: Enzymatic sialylation of lactulose via OPME sialylation system Enzymatically synthesis of Neu5Gcα2- 3Lactulose and Neu5Gcα2-6Lactulose (1) Small-scale reaction assays The enzymatic assays were carried out in a total volume of 10 μL in Tris–HCl buffer (100 mM, pH 8.5) containing Lactulose (10 mM), ManNGc (15 mM), sodium pyruvate (60 mM), CTP (15 mM), MgCl2 (20 mM), Pmaldolse (2 μg), and PmST1_M144D (5 μg) or Pd26ST (5 μg). Reactions were allowed to proceed for 4.5 h at 37 °C. The reaction process was monitored by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and mass spectra. (2) Preparation-scale reactions ManNGc (100 mg), sodium pyruvate (278 mg), lactulose (119 mg), and CTP (285 mg) were dissolved in Tris-HCl buffer (10 mL, 100 mM, pH 8.5) containing MgCl2 (20 mM) and Pmaldolase (3 mg), NmCSS (3 mg), PmST1_M144D (5 mg, for synthesis of Neu5Gcα2-3Lactulose) or Pd26ST (5 mg, for synthesis of Neu5Gcα2- 6Lactulose). The reactions were incubated in an incubator shaker at 37 °C for overnight with agitation at 110 rpm. The reactions were monitored by TLC (n-propanol:H2O:NH4·OH = 5: 2:1, by volume). When an optimal yields were achieved, the reactions were stopped by adding the same volume of cold EtOH and kept at 4 °C for 30 min, then centrifuged (7000 rpm, 30 min). The supernatant was concentrated and the residue was purified by silica gel column (eluting solvent: EtOAc : MeOH : H2O = 6 : 2 : 1 and EtOAc:MeOH:H2O = 5:2:1). Mass spectrometry Purified samples (0.5 mg) were dissolved in 100 μL distilled water at room temperature. Mass Spectrum analyses were carried out on a TQD LC/MS system (Waters, USA), equipped with

Article Snippet: Lactulose was purchased from Carbosynth Ltd (Berkshire, UK); CTP was purchased from Hangzhou Meiya Pharmaceutical (Hangzhou, China); Neu5Ac and N-Acetyl-D-mannosamine (ManNAc) were purchased from Ningbo Hongxiang Bio-chem (Ningbo, China); Mannose was purchased from Shanghai Institute of Biotechnology (Shanghai, China); Magnesium chloride (MgCl2), p-anisaldehyde, acetoxyacetyl chloride, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), methyl alcohol (MeOH), n-propanol, ammonia, ethyl alcohol (EtOH), acetic acid (HOAc), sodium chloride and sodium hydrogen sulfite were of analytical grade (AR).

Techniques: Thin Layer Chromatography, Incubation, Residue, Purification, Solvent, Mass Spectrometry, Liquid Chromatography with Mass Spectroscopy

Journal: Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Article Title: Chemo-enzymatic synthesis of Neu5Gc-containing sialylated lactulose

doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v16i7.26

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 2: TLC of small reactions of Neu5Gcα2- 3Lactulose and Neu5Gcα2-6Lactulose. L, Lactulose; 1, reaction of Neu5Gcα2-3lactulose; 2, reaction of Neu5Gcα2-6lactulose) As shown in Figure 2, using lactulose as the sialyltransferase acceptor, α2-3-sialylated and

Article Snippet: Lactulose was purchased from Carbosynth Ltd (Berkshire, UK); CTP was purchased from Hangzhou Meiya Pharmaceutical (Hangzhou, China); Neu5Ac and N-Acetyl-D-mannosamine (ManNAc) were purchased from Ningbo Hongxiang Bio-chem (Ningbo, China); Mannose was purchased from Shanghai Institute of Biotechnology (Shanghai, China); Magnesium chloride (MgCl2), p-anisaldehyde, acetoxyacetyl chloride, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), methyl alcohol (MeOH), n-propanol, ammonia, ethyl alcohol (EtOH), acetic acid (HOAc), sodium chloride and sodium hydrogen sulfite were of analytical grade (AR).

Techniques:

Journal: Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Article Title: Chemo-enzymatic synthesis of Neu5Gc-containing sialylated lactulose

doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v16i7.26

Figure Lengend Snippet: Scheme 3: Synthesis of ManNGc Chromatography. Therefore, Scheme 1 can be presented as following Scheme 3: Then ManNGc was used as the donor substrate in the OPME sialylation system to produce the corresponding sialosides. Therein, sialic acid aldolase (Pmaldolase, for synthesis of Neu5Gc), CMP-sialic acid synthetase (NmCSS, for synthesis of CMP-Neu5Gc), and sialyltransferase (PmST1_M144D, for synthesis of α2-3-linked sialoside; Pd26ST, for α2-6-linked sialoside) without the isolation of intermediates. In small- scale reactions assays, around 55% lactulose in the reaction system could not reacted completely, probably due to non-sufficient enzymes or decomposition of CTP. The yield can be solved by adding enough enzyme or CTP during the progress of the enzymatic reactions. Indeed, during large-scale reactions additional amounts of enzyme and CTP were added when TLC analysis showed the reactions not going further. The sialylation yield was up to around 85 % for Neu5Gcα2-3Lactulose and 80 % for Neu5Gcα2-6Lactulose. CONCLUSION Two novel Neu5Gc-containing sialyllactulose with α-(2→3) linkage and α-(2→6) linkage have been efficiently synthesized by OPME sialylation from ManNGc, sodium pyruvate, CTP and lactulose. As it’s important to find new sialylated oligosaccharides with stronger antibacterial and/or probiotic activities, the two obtained sialylated lactuloses would be very useful substrates for determining their abilities of inhibiting pathogenic bacterial binding to intestinal cells. DECLARATIONS Acknowledgement This work was financially supported by Program for Innovative Research talents (in Science and Technology) of University of Henan Province (no. 16HASTIT015), Excellent Youth Foundation of He’nan Scientific Committee (no. 2017JQ0003), Science and Technology Projects in Henan

Article Snippet: Lactulose was purchased from Carbosynth Ltd (Berkshire, UK); CTP was purchased from Hangzhou Meiya Pharmaceutical (Hangzhou, China); Neu5Ac and N-Acetyl-D-mannosamine (ManNAc) were purchased from Ningbo Hongxiang Bio-chem (Ningbo, China); Mannose was purchased from Shanghai Institute of Biotechnology (Shanghai, China); Magnesium chloride (MgCl2), p-anisaldehyde, acetoxyacetyl chloride, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), methyl alcohol (MeOH), n-propanol, ammonia, ethyl alcohol (EtOH), acetic acid (HOAc), sodium chloride and sodium hydrogen sulfite were of analytical grade (AR).

Techniques: Chromatography, Isolation, Synthesized, Binding Assay

Journal: Biogerontology

Article Title: Repurposing FDA-approved drugs for anti-aging therapies

doi: 10.1007/s10522-016-9660-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Drugs predicted to bind to proteins produced by three temperature sensing Brachionus manjavacas genes, TRP7, S6P, and FhBC

Article Snippet: S6P , Lactulose , 68 , Synthetic disaccharide- promote gut bacterial growth , , Selleck Chemicals.

Techniques: Produced, Activation Assay, DNA Synthesis, Transduction

Journal: Clinical and experimental gastroenterology

Article Title: Comparison of preference and safety of powder and liquid lactulose in adult patients with chronic constipation

doi: 10.2147/CEG.S13568

Figure Lengend Snippet: Preference data in terms of overall preference and preference of taste, consistency, and portability in only the patients who expressed a preference for powder or liquid lactulose.

Article Snippet: Powder lactulose (Kristalose ® , Cumberland Pharmaceuticals Inc., Nashville, TN, USA) was provided in 10 g pouches and liquid lactulose syrup (Generlac, Morton Grove Pharmaceuticals Inc., Morton Grove, IL, USA) was provided in a 473 mL (pint) bottle.

Techniques:

Journal: Pharmaceutics

Article Title: Influence of Excipient Composition on Survival of Vaginal Lactobacilli in Electrospun Nanofibers

doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061155

Figure Lengend Snippet: Growth characteristics (lag time, growth rate, and maximum optical density (OD)) of vaginal lactobacilli L. gasseri , L. crispatus , and L. jensenii cultured under the same conditions in sterile filtered MRS with the addition of one carbohydrate with different concentrations ( w / v ): sucrose (Suc), lactose (Lco), trehalose (Tre), lactulose (Lcu), alginate (Alg), or chitosan (Chi). *, p < 0.05 (Student’s t tests, relative to MRS control).

Article Snippet: To test the influence of excipients on bacterial growth, MRS was supplemented with different w / v concentrations of alginate (0.25%, 0.5%, and 1%; Protanal ® LF 10/60, Dupont, Copenhagen, Denmark), chitosan (0.1% and 0.2%; Sigma Aldrich, Darmstadt, Germany), α-lactose monohydrate (1%, 2%, and 4%; Sigma Aldrich, Darmstadt, Germany), trehalose dihydrate (1%, 2%, and 4%; Calbiochem, Darmstadt, Germany) and lactulose (1%, 2%, and 4%; Carl Roth, Karlsruhe, Germany).

Techniques: Cell Culture, Sterility, Control