Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine

Article Title: HLA-B*35-Px–mediated acceleration of HIV-1 infection by increased inhibitory immunoregulatory impulses

doi: 10.1084/jem.20091386

Figure Lengend Snippet: Preferential recognition of HIV-1 CTL epitope/HLA-B*3503 (Px) complexes by the inhibitory myelomonocytic receptor ILT4. (A and B) Binding of HLA-B*3503 (Px) and -B*3501 (PY) tetramers refolded with two different CTL epitopes to PBMCs, as determined by flow cytometry. ILT4-specific antibodies were able to fully abrogate tetramer binding to dendritic cells. (A) Histograms for one representative example are shown. (B) Cumulative flow cytometry data from HIV-1–infected patients ( n = 8) (two-tailed paired Student's t test). (C) SPR sensograms reflecting the control surface-subtracted interactions between recombinant ILT4 and immobilized HLA-B*3503 or -B*3501 tetramers refolded with the indicated epitope. ILT4 was injected in five serial twofold dilutions from a starting concentration of 1 µM. The respective apparent steady-state equilibrium constant ( K D ) is indicated. One representative experiment out of three is shown.

Article Snippet: Serial twofold dilutions of a recombinant protein dimer containing two extracellular domains of human ILT4 fused to the Fc part of human IgG (R&D Systems) were injected over the sensor chip.

Techniques: Binding Assay, Flow Cytometry, Infection, Two Tailed Test, Control, Recombinant, Injection, Concentration Assay

Journal: Clinical Science (London, England : 1979)

Article Title: The neutrophil-mobilizing cytokine interleukin-26 in the airways of long-term tobacco smokers

doi: 10.1042/CS20180057

Figure Lengend Snippet: In this figure, datasets on human samples from one cohort (COSMIC cohort) are presented and all the IL-26 protein concentrations were quantitated in cell-free fluid samples using ELISA. ( A ) Concentrations of IL-26 in BAL fluid samples from healthy nonsmokers ( n =37), smokers without COPD ( n =40), and smokers with COPD ( n =33). ( B ) Concentrations of IL-26 in BW fluid from healthy nonsmokers ( n =34), smokers without COPD ( n =33), and smokers with COPD ( n =33). ( C ) Concentrations of protein in BAL fluid from smokers with or without COPD who have chronic bronchitis ( n =18) and those without chronic bronchitis ( n =55). ( D ) Representative pictures (ICF) for cellular IL-26 protein expression in AM from healthy nonsmokers (left panel), smokers without COPD (middle panel), and smokers with COPD (right panel). Each panel shows nuclear staining (blue) in the upper left quadrant, CD68 staining (of AM, red) in the lower left quadrant, IL-26 staining (green) in the upper right quadrant and CD68 and IL-26 co-staining (red and green) in the lower right quadrant. ( E ) The integrated density (CTCF using ImageJ after the ICF staining) of IL-26 expression in AM, n =8 for all groups. ( F ) Representative pictures (IHC) for the isotype control (upper left quadrant), IL-26 staining (brown) in healthy nonsmokers (lower left quadrant), IL-26 staining (brown) in smokers without COPD (upper right quadrant), and IL-26 staining (brown) in smokers with COPD (lower right quadrant). ( G ) The intensity of IL-26 expression in the bronchial tissue biopsies, n =8 for all groups. The horizontal lines in (A–C, E, G) indicate medians and the P -values are according to the Mann–Whitney test. The P -values <0.05 are considered significant. Concentrations of IL-26 on the y -axis (A–C) are represented in log scale.

Article Snippet: The bronchial tissue biopsies were then processed and stained as previously described [ ] using the primary monoclonal mouse anti-human IL-26 (Clone 197505, R&D MAB1375 antibody or mouse IgG2b isotype control (Clone 133303, R&D) accordingly [ ].

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Expressing, Staining, MANN-WHITNEY

Journal: Clinical Science (London, England : 1979)

Article Title: The neutrophil-mobilizing cytokine interleukin-26 in the airways of long-term tobacco smokers

doi: 10.1042/CS20180057

Figure Lengend Snippet: In this figure, datasets on human samples from one cohort (COSMIC cohort) are presented and the mRNA expression was measured by hybridization. ( A ) mRNA signal intensities for inherent IL-26, RORC VAR2 , IL-10R2, IL-20R1, STAT1 , and STAT3 genes in unsorted BAL cells from smokers with or without COPD ( n =36). ( B – D ) Correlation of mRNA signal intensities of IL-26 and RORC VAR2 (B), IL-26 and IL-10R2 (C) and IL-26 and STAT3 genes (D). ( E – H ) mRNA signal intensities of inherent IL-10R2 (E), IL-20R1 (F), STAT1 (G), and STAT3 genes (H), in BAL cells from smokers with or without COPD ( n =36) compared with healthy nonsmokers ( n =16). The horizontal lines in (E–H) indicate medians. The data in (B–D) as well as the P -values indicted are according to the Spearman’s correlation test and the data in (E–H) are according to the Mann–Whitney test. The P -values <0.05 are considered significant.

Article Snippet: The bronchial tissue biopsies were then processed and stained as previously described [ ] using the primary monoclonal mouse anti-human IL-26 (Clone 197505, R&D MAB1375 antibody or mouse IgG2b isotype control (Clone 133303, R&D) accordingly [ ].

Techniques: Expressing, Hybridization, MANN-WHITNEY

Journal: Clinical Science (London, England : 1979)

Article Title: The neutrophil-mobilizing cytokine interleukin-26 in the airways of long-term tobacco smokers

doi: 10.1042/CS20180057

Figure Lengend Snippet: In this figure, datasets on human samples from one cohort (CYREBAC cohort) are presented. The AM were enriched from BAL cell samples harvested from healthy volunteers and stimulated with WTC. The concentrations of IL-26 in the cell-free conditioned media were measured using ELISA. Gene expression analyses on the cells were performed using RT-PCR. ( A ) IL-26 protein concentrations in cell-free conditioned media from AM ( n =4). The rest of the graphs show gene expression for ( B ) IL-26 , ( C ) IL-10R2 , ( D ) IL-20R1 , ( E ) NF-κB , ( F ) STAT1 , and ( G ) STAT3 in AM. The P- values are according to the parametric paired t test whereby (A,B) are according to the one-tailed test and (C–G) according to the two-tailed test. The horizontal lines indicate means and the P -values <0.05 are considered significant.

Article Snippet: The bronchial tissue biopsies were then processed and stained as previously described [ ] using the primary monoclonal mouse anti-human IL-26 (Clone 197505, R&D MAB1375 antibody or mouse IgG2b isotype control (Clone 133303, R&D) accordingly [ ].

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Expressing, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, One-tailed Test, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Clinical Science (London, England : 1979)

Article Title: The neutrophil-mobilizing cytokine interleukin-26 in the airways of long-term tobacco smokers

doi: 10.1042/CS20180057

Figure Lengend Snippet: In this figure, datasets on human samples from one cohort (BALO cohort) are presented and all the IL-26 protein concentrations were quantitated in cell-free IS fluid samples using ELISA. ( A ) Concentrations of IL-26 in IS fluid during stable clinical conditions compared with exacerbations ( n =13), ( B ) concentrations of IL-26 in IS fluid over time; during stable clinical conditions, prior to exacerbation and during exacerbation ( n =9). ( C ) Concentrations of IL-26 in IS fluid from COPD-current smokers ( n =10) and COPD-former smokers ( n =21) during stable clinical conditions and for COPD-current smokers ( n =5) and COPD-former smokers ( n =11) during exacerbations. ( D ) Concentrations of IL-26 in IS fluid from healthy nonsmokers without COPD ( n =8) and smokers with COPD ( n =31) and COPD exacerbations, as assessed during stable clinical conditions ( n =16). ( E ) Concentrations of IL-26 in IS fluid samples from smokers with COPD in relation to age during stable clinical conditions ( n =31). ( F ) Concentrations of IL-26 in IS fluid samples from smokers with COPD, in relation to age during exacerbations ( n =16). The P- values are according to Wilcoxon signed ranked test for ( A), Friedman test ( B), Mann–Whitney test ( C,D), and Spearman’s rank correlation ( E,F). The P- values <0.05 are considered significant. Concentrations of IL-26 on the y -axis are represented in log scale. Notably, the term “stable” in the figure panels signifies “stable clinical conditions” in the legend.

Article Snippet: The bronchial tissue biopsies were then processed and stained as previously described [ ] using the primary monoclonal mouse anti-human IL-26 (Clone 197505, R&D MAB1375 antibody or mouse IgG2b isotype control (Clone 133303, R&D) accordingly [ ].

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, MANN-WHITNEY

Journal: Clinical Science (London, England : 1979)

Article Title: The neutrophil-mobilizing cytokine interleukin-26 in the airways of long-term tobacco smokers

doi: 10.1042/CS20180057

Figure Lengend Snippet: In this figure, datasets on human samples from three cohorts (COSMIC, Smoke Expo, and CYREBAC cohort) are presented and all IL-26 protein concentrations were quantitated in cell-free fluid samples using ELISA. ( A ) Concentrations of IL-26 in BAL fluid samples from smokers with or without COPD (COSMIC cohort), in relation to pack years ( n =73). ( B ) Concentrations of IL-26 in BAL fluid samples from smokers with or without COPD (COSMIC cohort) in relation to the number of cigarettes smoked per day within the last 6 months ( n =63). ( C ) Concentrations of IL-26 in BAL fluid samples from occasional smokers without COPD after smoking ten cigarettes within 48 h ( n =9) and in never-smokers without COPD ( n =5) (Smoke Expo cohort). ( D ) Concentrations of IL-26 in BW fluid samples (COSMIC cohort) in relation to FEV 1 % predicted ( E ) and FEV 1 /FVC% ( n =100). The P -values are according to Spearman’s rank correlation test (A,B,D,E), Mann–Whitney U test (C). The horizontal lines in (C) indicate medians. The P -values <0.05 are considered significant. Concentrations of IL-26 on the y -axis (A,B,D,E) are represented in log scale. Abbreviations: FEV 1 , forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC, forced vital capacity.

Article Snippet: The bronchial tissue biopsies were then processed and stained as previously described [ ] using the primary monoclonal mouse anti-human IL-26 (Clone 197505, R&D MAB1375 antibody or mouse IgG2b isotype control (Clone 133303, R&D) accordingly [ ].

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, MANN-WHITNEY

Journal: Clinical Science (London, England : 1979)

Article Title: The neutrophil-mobilizing cytokine interleukin-26 in the airways of long-term tobacco smokers

doi: 10.1042/CS20180057

Figure Lengend Snippet: In this figure, datasets on human samples from one cohort (COSMIC cohort) are presented and all IL-26 protein concentrations in the cell-free BW fluid were quantitated using ELISA. ( A ) Concentrations of IL-26 in relation to growth of pathogenic ( n =7) compared with commensal ( n =54) bacterial species in samples from smokers with or without COPD. ( B ) Concentrations of IL-26 in relation to growth pathogenic bacterial species ( n =10) compared with no growth of bacterial species ( n =11) in samples from smokers with or without COPD, plus healthy nonsmokers. ( C ) Concentrations of IL-26 in relation to growth of pathogenic ( n =10) compared with commensal ( n =78) bacterial species in samples from smokers with or without COPD plus healthy nonsmokers. ( D ) Concentrations of IL-26 in samples from smokers without COPD, without chronic bronchitis and without growth of pathogenic bacterial species ( n =24), compared with samples from healthy nonsmokers with no growth of pathogenic bacterial species ( n =31). The horizontal lines indicate medians and the p-values are according to the Mann-Whitney test. The p-values < 0.05 are considered significant. Concentrations of IL-26 in the y-axis are represented in log scale.

Article Snippet: The bronchial tissue biopsies were then processed and stained as previously described [ ] using the primary monoclonal mouse anti-human IL-26 (Clone 197505, R&D MAB1375 antibody or mouse IgG2b isotype control (Clone 133303, R&D) accordingly [ ].

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, MANN-WHITNEY

Journal: Clinical Science (London, England : 1979)

Article Title: The neutrophil-mobilizing cytokine interleukin-26 in the airways of long-term tobacco smokers

doi: 10.1042/CS20180057

Figure Lengend Snippet: In this figure, datasets on human samples from one cohort (BALO cohort) are presented. The IL-26 protein concentrations were quantitated in cell-free fluid samples using ELISA, and bacterial growth in IS fluid samples from smokers with COPD were determined. ( A ) Concentrations of IL-26 in relation to growth of pathogenic bacterial species ( n =16) compared with no growth of pathogenic bacterial species ( n =15) during stable clinical conditions, as well as in relation to growth of pathogenic bacterial species ( n =12) compared with no growth of pathogenic bacterial species ( n =4) during exacerbations. ( B ) Concentrations of IL-26 in relation to chronic growth of pathogenic bacterial species ( n =12) compared with no chronic growth of pathogenic bacterial species ( n =19) during stable clinical conditions. ( C ) Concentrations of IL-26 in relation to growth of H. influenzae ( n =11) compared with no growth of H. influenzae growth) ( n =20) at any visit during stable clinical conditions, as well as in relation to growth of H. influenzae ( n =8) compared with no growth of H. influenzae growth ( n =8) during exacerbations. ( D ) Concentrations of IL-26 in relation to chronic growth of H. influenzae (+) ( n =9) compared with no chronic growth of H. influenzae (–) ( n =22) during stable clinical conditions. ( E ) Concentrations of IL-26 within the same subjects when there is growth of pathogenic bacterial species and when there is no growth of pathogenic bacterial species ( n =7)during stable clinical conditions. ( F ) Correlation between IL-26 concentrations and purulence score during stable clinical conditions ( n =31) and ( G ) during exacerbations ( n =16). The horizontal lines indicate medians and the P -values are according to Mann–Whitney test ( A–H), Wilcoxon signed ranked test ( I), Spearman’s rank correlation ( J,K). The P -values <0.05 are considered significant. Concentrations of IL-26 on the y -axis are represented in log scale. Notably, the term “stable” in the figure panels signifies “stable clinical conditions” in the legend.

Article Snippet: The bronchial tissue biopsies were then processed and stained as previously described [ ] using the primary monoclonal mouse anti-human IL-26 (Clone 197505, R&D MAB1375 antibody or mouse IgG2b isotype control (Clone 133303, R&D) accordingly [ ].

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, MANN-WHITNEY

Journal: Clinical Science (London, England : 1979)

Article Title: The neutrophil-mobilizing cytokine interleukin-26 in the airways of long-term tobacco smokers

doi: 10.1042/CS20180057

Figure Lengend Snippet: In this figure, datasets from two human cohorts (COSMIC and BALO cohorts) are presented and IL-26 protein concentrations in the cell-free fluid samples were quantitated using ELISA. ( A ) Correlation between concentrations of IL-26 and neutrophils in BAL samples from smokers with or without COPD (COSMIC cohort: n =73). ( B ) Correlation between concentrations of IL-26 and IL-8 (ELISA) during stable clinical conditions ( n =31) and ( C ) during exacerbations ( n =16) in IS fluid samples from smokers with COPD (BALO cohort). ( D ) Correlation between concentrations of IL-26 and LTB 4 (ELISA) during stable clinical conditions (n =31) and ( E ) during exacerbations ( n =16) in IS fluid samples from smokers with COPD (BALO cohort). ( F ) Correlation between concentrations of IL-26 and MPO activity (ELISA) during stable clinical conditions ( n =31) and ( G ) during exacerbations ( n =16) in IS fluid samples from smokers with COPD (BALO cohort). The data and P- values indicated are according to the Spearman’s correlation test. The P- values <0.05 are considered significant. Concentrations of IL-26 on the y -axis are represented in log scale.

Article Snippet: The bronchial tissue biopsies were then processed and stained as previously described [ ] using the primary monoclonal mouse anti-human IL-26 (Clone 197505, R&D MAB1375 antibody or mouse IgG2b isotype control (Clone 133303, R&D) accordingly [ ].

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Activity Assay