Journal: Infection and Immunity

Article Title: Intracellular Invasion by Orientia tsutsugamushi Is Mediated by Integrin Signaling and Actin Cytoskeleton Rearrangements ▿

doi: 10.1128/IAI.01316-09

Figure Lengend Snippet: Activation of RhoA GTPase by O. tsutsugamushi infection. (A) Activation of small GTPases was examined by performing GST pull-down assays using rhotekin (for RhoA) or PAK1-PBD (for Cdc42 and Rac1) fusion proteins as described in Materials and Methods. RhoA was activated upon bacterial infection, but Cdc42/Rac1 was not activated. The GTPase active forms bound to GTPγ-S were used as positive controls. CNT, control. (B) Inhibition of intracellular invasion of O. tsutsugamushi by C. botulinum C3 exoenzyme, an inhibitor of RhoA family GTPases. HeLa cells were treated with the exoenzyme in the presence of Lipofectamine (C3/Lipo) or in the presence of only Lipofectamine (Lipo). P values were determined using a two-tailed Student t test (*, P

Article Snippet: Treatment of HeLa cells with the C3 exoenzyme in the presence of Lipofectamine significantly reduced the efficiency of bacterial internalization by approximately 70% compared to untreated control cells and by 65% compared to cells treated with only Lipofectamine, but it had no significant effect on bacterial adherence (Fig. ).

Techniques: Activation Assay, Infection, Inhibition, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Cell Communication and Signaling : CCS

Article Title: Chemotherapy induced PRL3 expression promotes cancer growth via plasma membrane remodeling and specific alterations of caveolae-associated signaling

doi: 10.1186/s12964-018-0264-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: PRL3 expression affects the translocation of Rac1 to the plasma membrane. ( a ) Western blot analysis of isolated total membranes from the indicated cells shows that PRL3 expression results in enhanced translocation of Rac1 to the plasma membrane. ( b ) Representative confocal images of Rac1 plasma membrane localization in PRL3-expressing cells. c Rac1 localizes to the caveolae fraction in the doxycycline-induced B16F0-PRL3 cells. ( d ) Rac1 coimmunoprecipitation with the major caveolae scaffold Caveolin 1 indicates that Rac1 translocate to the caveolae fraction upon PRL3 expression

Article Snippet: The coimmunoprecipitations were carried out in the same conditions, except that the cells were lysed in a low-detergent buffer (10 mM Tris-Cl, 1 mM EDTA, 0.5 mM EGTA, 0.5% Triton X-100, 0.1% sodium deoxycholate, 140 mM NaCl, pH 7.5), and anti-Rac1 (EMD Millipore, 1:50, 05–389) was used for the reaction.

Techniques: Expressing, Translocation Assay, Western Blot, Isolation

Journal: Cell Communication and Signaling : CCS

Article Title: Chemotherapy induced PRL3 expression promotes cancer growth via plasma membrane remodeling and specific alterations of caveolae-associated signaling

doi: 10.1186/s12964-018-0264-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: PRL3 expression affects cellular growth-associated signaling ( a ) Rac1-GTP loading increases upon PRL3 expression. b AKT phosphorylation increases at Ser473 upon PRL3 expression. c GSK phosphorylation increases at Ser9 upon PRL3 expression. d Cyclin D1 levels are upregulated upon PRL3 expression. e Representative confocal images of the localization of cyclin D1 in the indicated cells. Cyclin D1 localizes to the nucleus. f Rac1 inhibition decreases the elevated cyclin D1 levels. The indicated cells were treated with 10 μM NSC23766 for 24 h in order to inhibit Rac1-dependent elevation of cyclin D1 levels

Article Snippet: The coimmunoprecipitations were carried out in the same conditions, except that the cells were lysed in a low-detergent buffer (10 mM Tris-Cl, 1 mM EDTA, 0.5 mM EGTA, 0.5% Triton X-100, 0.1% sodium deoxycholate, 140 mM NaCl, pH 7.5), and anti-Rac1 (EMD Millipore, 1:50, 05–389) was used for the reaction.

Techniques: Expressing, Inhibition

Journal: Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Article Title: Dental follicle stem cells rescue the regenerative capacity of inflamed rat dental pulp through a paracrine pathway

doi: 10.1186/s13287-020-01841-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of rDFSC-CM on MAPK and NF-κB signaling in inflammatory rDPCs. Cells were cultured until reaching 80% confluence, the medium was then changed to rDFSC-CM or αMEM containing 0.5 mg/L LPS, and the cells were then incubated for 0, 15, 30, 60, and 120 min. The activation of the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways was detected by a Western blot analysis of total cellular proteins and immunofluorescence staining. a Phosphorylation levels of ERK 1/2, p38 MAPK, and SAPK/JNK. Representative photographs of immunoblots are shown. The molecular weights of the bands are indicated in kilodaltons. b – d Relative densitometry analysis of the aforementioned proteins showed that rDFSC-CM significantly suppressed the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 but not that of p38 or SAPK/JNK. e Phosphorylation level of NF-κB p65. f A relative densitometry analysis of NF-κB p65 showed that p65 phosphorylation increased and peaked at 60 min after LPS treatment but was decreased by rDFSC-CM treatment. g The subcellular localization of NF-κB p65 after treatment with rDFSC-CM for 60 min was determined by immunofluorescence staining with Alexa Fluor 546-conjugated secondary antibody. DAPI was used for DNA staining. Representative images of three independent experiments are shown (scale bar 50 μm). The data are presented as the means ± SDs from at least three independent experiments. ** P

Article Snippet: The membranes were probed with the following primary antibodies overnight at 4 °C: anti-p-p38 MAPK, anti-p38 MAPK, anti-p-ERK 1/2, anti-ERK1/2, anti-p-SAPK/JNK, anti-SAPK/JNK, anti-p-p65 NF-κB, anti-p65 NF-κB (1:1000, Cell Signaling Technology, USA), and anti-vinculin (1:5000, Abcam, USA).

Techniques: Cell Culture, Incubation, Activation Assay, Western Blot, Immunofluorescence, Staining

Journal: Human Molecular Genetics

Article Title: In silico drug screening by using genome-wide association study data repurposed dabrafenib, an anti-melanoma drug, for Parkinson’s disease

doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddy279

Figure Lengend Snippet: Dabrafenib reduced the expression of phosphorylated JNK and c-jun in both SH-SY5Y cells and mice ( A ) LDH/cell viability assay under the condition of ERK inhibitor. Neuroprotective effects of dabrafenib (5 μM) were not dependent on the downregulation of activated ERK expression by PD98059 (30 μM) or U0126 (3 μM). Neuroprotective effects were assessed by the LDH and cell viability assay in SH-SY5Y cells at 24 h after MPP + (3 mM) exposure. ** , P -value

Article Snippet: Antibodies against caspase-3 (#9665, 1:1000), cleaved caspase-9 (#7237, 1:1000), ERK 1/2 (#4695, 1:1000), phospho-ERK 1/2 (#4370, 1:2000), JNK (#9252, 1:1000), phospho-JNK (#4668, 1:1000), phospho-c-jun (#3270, 1:1000) and phospho-B-Raf (Ser445; #2696, 1:1000) were all purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Mouse Assay, Viability Assay

Journal: Journal of Neuroinflammation

Article Title: A new Purkinje cell antibody (anti-Ca) associated with subacute cerebellar ataxia: immunological characterization

doi: 10.1186/1742-2094-7-21

Figure Lengend Snippet: Probing of a commercial protein microarray revealed strong binding of the patient's sera to human ARHGAP26 (Panel A) . In accordance with this finding, binding of IgG from the patient's serum (Lane P), but not from three healthy controls (Lane C1-C3), to a recombinant human full length ARHGAP26 protein was found (Panel B). Western blotting confirmed the presence of ARHGAP26 in primate cerebellar extract (Panel C, lane 2), and incubation with the patient's CSF resulted in a band running at the same height as the ARHGAP26 band (Panel C, lane 1); the significance of the additional band recognized by the commercial antibody is unknown. The commercial ARHGAP26 antibody bound to the Purkinje cell layer and the molecular layer (Panel D) and showed a good overlay with the patient's IgG depicted in yellow (Panel E). Finally, preadsorption of the patient's CSF with the ARHGAP26 protein (Panel H), but not preadsorption with a control protein (Panel G), resulted in complete loss of binding to cerebellar tissue sections in an indirect immunofluorescence assay; panel F shows binding of IgG from a non-preadsorbed aliquot of the same CSF sample (exposure time was 2 sec in all cases to detect also low fluorescence signals).

Article Snippet: For selected experiments, the patient's CSF was incubated with 3 μg of the following recombinant human proteins for 3 h at RT prior to testing: ARHGAP26 (Abnova, Taipei, Taiwan); IP3RI (Santa Cruz); and AQP4 (Abcam); the sera were then centrifuged at 11,2000 rpm for 10 min and the supernatants incubated with cerebellum sections as described above.

Techniques: Microarray, Binding Assay, Recombinant, Western Blot, Incubation, Immunofluorescence, Size-exclusion Chromatography, Fluorescence

Journal: Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research

Article Title: Netrin-1 Is a Critical Autocrine/Paracrine Factor for Osteoclast Differentiation

doi: 10.1002/jbmr.2421

Figure Lengend Snippet: Unc5b modulates the expression of Neogenin in osteoclast precursors. RAW264.7 cells were stably transduced with scrambled or Netrin-1, Unc5b, or DC-STAMP shRNA and treated with 50 ng/mL RANKL for 24 hours. Neogenin immunostaining is shown in green and

Article Snippet: In this work, we have found that Netrin-1 stimulates changes in the osteoclast cytoskeleton by activation of RhoA and FAK ( ).

Techniques: Expressing, Stable Transfection, Transduction, shRNA, Immunostaining

Journal: Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research

Article Title: Netrin-1 Is a Critical Autocrine/Paracrine Factor for Osteoclast Differentiation

doi: 10.1002/jbmr.2421

Figure Lengend Snippet: Unc5b modulates the expression of RGMa in osteoclast precursors. RAW264.7 cells were stably transduced with scrambled or Netrin-1, Unc5b, or DC-STAMP shRNA and treated with 50 ng/mL RANKL for 24 hours. RGMa immunostaining is shown in green and Unc5b immunolocalization

Article Snippet: In this work, we have found that Netrin-1 stimulates changes in the osteoclast cytoskeleton by activation of RhoA and FAK ( ).

Techniques: Expressing, Stable Transfection, Transduction, shRNA, Immunostaining

Journal: Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research

Article Title: Netrin-1 Is a Critical Autocrine/Paracrine Factor for Osteoclast Differentiation

doi: 10.1002/jbmr.2421

Figure Lengend Snippet: Stimulation of Unc5b promotes cell fusion associated with DC-STAMP. ( A ) Murine BMCs were treated with 30 ng/mL RANKL together with recombinant Netrin-1. Cell extracts were immunoprecipitated with anti-Unc5b antibody. The immunoprecipitates were then analyzed

Article Snippet: In this work, we have found that Netrin-1 stimulates changes in the osteoclast cytoskeleton by activation of RhoA and FAK ( ).

Techniques: Recombinant, Immunoprecipitation

Journal: Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research

Article Title: Netrin-1 Is a Critical Autocrine/Paracrine Factor for Osteoclast Differentiation

doi: 10.1002/jbmr.2421

Figure Lengend Snippet: Unc5b modulates the expression of LARG in osteoclast precursors. RAW264.7 cells were stably transduced with scrambled or Netrin-1, Unc5b, or DC-STAMP shRNA and treated with 50 ng/mL RANKL for 24 hours. LARG immunostaining is shown in green and Unc5b immunolocalization

Article Snippet: In this work, we have found that Netrin-1 stimulates changes in the osteoclast cytoskeleton by activation of RhoA and FAK ( ).

Techniques: Expressing, Stable Transfection, Transduction, shRNA, Immunostaining

Journal: Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research

Article Title: Netrin-1 Is a Critical Autocrine/Paracrine Factor for Osteoclast Differentiation

doi: 10.1002/jbmr.2421

Figure Lengend Snippet: Netrin-1 and Unc5b interactions led to RhoA phosphorylation and FAK activation. Murine BMCs were treated with 30 ng/mL RANKL together with recombinant Netrin-1 alone or in combination with Unc5b or DCC antibodies. ( A ) RhoA phosphorylation was analyzed

Article Snippet: In this work, we have found that Netrin-1 stimulates changes in the osteoclast cytoskeleton by activation of RhoA and FAK ( ).

Techniques: Activation Assay, Recombinant, Droplet Countercurrent Chromatography

Journal: Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research

Article Title: Netrin-1 Is a Critical Autocrine/Paracrine Factor for Osteoclast Differentiation

doi: 10.1002/jbmr.2421

Figure Lengend Snippet: Netrin-1 and Unc5b are expressed during osteoclast but not osteoblast differentiation. ( A ) Total RNA was extracted from both undifferentiated and osteoclast-derived RAW264.7 cells, and quantitative RT-PCR analysis of the Netrin-1 guidance cue members

Article Snippet: In this work, we have found that Netrin-1 stimulates changes in the osteoclast cytoskeleton by activation of RhoA and FAK ( ).

Techniques: Derivative Assay, Quantitative RT-PCR

Journal: Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research

Article Title: Netrin-1 Is a Critical Autocrine/Paracrine Factor for Osteoclast Differentiation

doi: 10.1002/jbmr.2421

Figure Lengend Snippet: Netrin-1 and Unc5b are increased during osteoclast differentiation. ( A ) Netrin-1 expression and secretion and Unc5b and DCC expression were analyzed 24 hours after RANKL stimulation in murine BMCs cells. ( B ) Netrin-1 expression and secretion and Unc5b

Article Snippet: In this work, we have found that Netrin-1 stimulates changes in the osteoclast cytoskeleton by activation of RhoA and FAK ( ).

Techniques: Expressing, Droplet Countercurrent Chromatography

Journal: Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research

Article Title: Netrin-1 Is a Critical Autocrine/Paracrine Factor for Osteoclast Differentiation

doi: 10.1002/jbmr.2421

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vitro characterization of bone marrow–derived osteoclast. ( A ) WT and Netrin-1 −/− mice osteoclast primary culture cells were fixed and stained for TRAP after being cultured for 7 days in the presence of recombinant Netrin-1 alone

Article Snippet: In this work, we have found that Netrin-1 stimulates changes in the osteoclast cytoskeleton by activation of RhoA and FAK ( ).

Techniques: In Vitro, Derivative Assay, Mouse Assay, Staining, Cell Culture, Recombinant

Journal: Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research

Article Title: Netrin-1 Is a Critical Autocrine/Paracrine Factor for Osteoclast Differentiation

doi: 10.1002/jbmr.2421

Figure Lengend Snippet: Morphometric examination of long bones in 5-month-old WT and Netrin-1 −/− mice. ( A ) Whole-body dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scanning to assess the bone mineral density (BMD) (gm/cm 2 ) of the whole skeletons of Netrin-1 −/−

Article Snippet: In this work, we have found that Netrin-1 stimulates changes in the osteoclast cytoskeleton by activation of RhoA and FAK ( ).

Techniques: Mouse Assay

Journal: Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research

Article Title: Netrin-1 Is a Critical Autocrine/Paracrine Factor for Osteoclast Differentiation

doi: 10.1002/jbmr.2421

Figure Lengend Snippet: Histomorphometric analysis of Netrin-1−/− skeletons reveals increased bone mass

Article Snippet: In this work, we have found that Netrin-1 stimulates changes in the osteoclast cytoskeleton by activation of RhoA and FAK ( ).

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research

Article Title: Netrin-1 Is a Critical Autocrine/Paracrine Factor for Osteoclast Differentiation

doi: 10.1002/jbmr.2421

Figure Lengend Snippet: Histological examination of long bone from WT and Netrin-1 −/− mice. Long bones (femur and tibias) were stained with hematoxylin and eosin to determine morphology. Representative histologic sections obtained from the femurs of WT and Netrin-1

Article Snippet: In this work, we have found that Netrin-1 stimulates changes in the osteoclast cytoskeleton by activation of RhoA and FAK ( ).

Techniques: Mouse Assay, Staining

Journal: Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research : CR

Article Title: miR-148b-3p inhibits gastric cancer metastasis by inhibiting the Dock6/Rac1/Cdc42 axis

doi: 10.1186/s13046-018-0729-z

Figure Lengend Snippet: miR-148b-3p promotes the motility of GC cells by activating Rac1 and Cdc42. a GST pull-down and western blot analysis of the expression levels of GTP-Rac1 and GTP-Cdc42 in the indicated GC cells. b A miR-148b-3p inhibitor increased the migration and invasion abilities of SGC-7901NM cells, while a Rac1 inhibitor (NSC23766) and Cdc42 inhibitor (ML141) blocked the miR-148b-3p inhibitor-mediated GC cell migration and invasion as detected by transwell studies. Scale bars, 50 μm. ** P

Article Snippet: The primary antibodies used were anti-Dock6 (Sigma, HPA049423, 1:1000), anti-β-actin (Proteintech, 60,008–1, 1:2000), anti-Cdc42 (CST, 2462S, 1:1000) and anti-Rac1 (Millipore, 05–389, clone 23A8, 1:200).

Techniques: Western Blot, Expressing, Migration

Journal: Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research : CR

Article Title: miR-148b-3p inhibits gastric cancer metastasis by inhibiting the Dock6/Rac1/Cdc42 axis

doi: 10.1186/s13046-018-0729-z

Figure Lengend Snippet: Dock6 promotes GC migration and invasion by activating Rac1 and Cdc42. a GST pull-down and western blot analyses of the expression of Dock6 and the activation state and total expression of Rac1/Cdc42 in the indicated cells. b A Rac1 inhibitor (NSC23766, 50 μM) and Cdc42 inhibitor (ML141, 20 μM) could block Dock6-mediated cell migration and invasion as detected by transwell studies. Scale bars, 50 μm. c Wound healing assays were used to evaluate the migration of the indicated cells

Article Snippet: The primary antibodies used were anti-Dock6 (Sigma, HPA049423, 1:1000), anti-β-actin (Proteintech, 60,008–1, 1:2000), anti-Cdc42 (CST, 2462S, 1:1000) and anti-Rac1 (Millipore, 05–389, clone 23A8, 1:200).

Techniques: Migration, Western Blot, Expressing, Activation Assay, Blocking Assay

Journal: Acta Pharmacologica Sinica

Article Title: Involvement of RhoA/ROCK in myocardial fibrosis in a rat model of type 2 diabetes

doi: 10.1038/aps.2011.54

Figure Lengend Snippet: The phosphorylation of MYPT1 (A) and JNK (B) in diabetic rats (DM), control rats (NC), and diabetic rats treated with fasudil (DF) was measured by Western blot analyses. The activity of ROCK and JNK was expressed as p-MYPT1/MYPT1 and p-JNK/JNK, respectively.

Article Snippet: The membranes were blocked with 5% fat-free milk in TBST buffer (20 mmol/L Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, 150 mmol/L NaCl and 0.05% Tween 20), and subsequently incubated with the following primary antibodies: anti-MYPT1, anti-JNK, and anti-TGFβ1 (Bioworld Technology, Minnesota, MN, USA); anti-phospho-MYPT1 (Thr853 ) and anti-phospho-JNK (T183/Y185) (Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA); anti-phospho-Smad2/3 (Ser423/425 ), anti-c-Jun and anti-β-actin (Santa Cruz Biotechnology) at 4 °C overnight.

Techniques: Western Blot, Activity Assay

Journal: Cancer research

Article Title: Rho GTPase Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Oncogenic Roles for Rho GTPase-activating Proteins in Basal-like Breast Cancers

doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-15-2923

Figure Lengend Snippet: ArhGAP11A and RacGAP1 regulate cell spreading and migration. A, shown in the upper panel are representative fluorescent images of actin (green) and Hoechst (blue) staining of SUM149 cells, with or without knockdown of ArhGAP11A or RacGAP1, after 2 h on

Article Snippet: To address this, we focused on two RhoGAPs that are highly expressed in BLBC, ArhGAP11A and RacGAP1, and established that they are essential for the proliferation of basal-like cell lines.

Techniques: Migration, Staining

Journal: Cancer research

Article Title: Rho GTPase Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Oncogenic Roles for Rho GTPase-activating Proteins in Basal-like Breast Cancers

doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-15-2923

Figure Lengend Snippet: ArhGAP11A or RacGAP1 expression elicits oncogenic phenotypes in untransformed cells. A, blot analyses for HA-epitope tag ( left panels ), ArhGAP11A ( upper right panels ), and RacGAP1 ( lower right panels ) showing overexpression of HA-ArhGAP11A, HA-RacGAP1,

Article Snippet: To address this, we focused on two RhoGAPs that are highly expressed in BLBC, ArhGAP11A and RacGAP1, and established that they are essential for the proliferation of basal-like cell lines.

Techniques: Expressing, Over Expression

Journal: Cancer research

Article Title: Rho GTPase Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Oncogenic Roles for Rho GTPase-activating Proteins in Basal-like Breast Cancers

doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-15-2923

Figure Lengend Snippet: ArhGAP11A and RacGAP1 are both required for BLBC proliferation. A-B, representative western blots showing knockdown of ArhGAP11A ( left panels ) and RacGAP1 ( right panels ) in (A) SUM149 and (B) HCC1937 cells. C, representative images of crystal violet-stained

Article Snippet: To address this, we focused on two RhoGAPs that are highly expressed in BLBC, ArhGAP11A and RacGAP1, and established that they are essential for the proliferation of basal-like cell lines.

Techniques: Western Blot, Staining

Journal: Cancer research

Article Title: Rho GTPase Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Oncogenic Roles for Rho GTPase-activating Proteins in Basal-like Breast Cancers

doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-15-2923

Figure Lengend Snippet: RacGAP1-knockdown results in cytokinesis failure. A, representative fluorescent images showing actin (green) and Hoechst (blue) staining of SUM149 cells with or without knockdown of ArhGAP11A or RacGAP1. Scale bar = 20 μm. Arrowheads in merged

Article Snippet: To address this, we focused on two RhoGAPs that are highly expressed in BLBC, ArhGAP11A and RacGAP1, and established that they are essential for the proliferation of basal-like cell lines.

Techniques: Staining

Journal: Cancer research

Article Title: Rho GTPase Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Oncogenic Roles for Rho GTPase-activating Proteins in Basal-like Breast Cancers

doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-15-2923

Figure Lengend Snippet: ArhGAP11A-depleted cells undergo p27-mediated cell cycle arrest whereas knockdown of RacGAP1 causes senescence. A, shown in the upper panels are representative histograms indicating the fluorescence intensity of propidium iodide (PI)-stained NS- or ArhGAP11A

Article Snippet: To address this, we focused on two RhoGAPs that are highly expressed in BLBC, ArhGAP11A and RacGAP1, and established that they are essential for the proliferation of basal-like cell lines.

Techniques: Fluorescence, Staining

Journal: Cancer research

Article Title: Rho GTPase Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Oncogenic Roles for Rho GTPase-activating Proteins in Basal-like Breast Cancers

doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-15-2923

Figure Lengend Snippet: RhoA activity is increased upon depletion of ArhGAP11A or RacGAP1. A, blot analyses for GTP-bound RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42 levels in SUM149 cells, with or without knockdown of ArhGAP11A or RacGAP1, following Rho GTPase pulldown experiments. Total protein

Article Snippet: To address this, we focused on two RhoGAPs that are highly expressed in BLBC, ArhGAP11A and RacGAP1, and established that they are essential for the proliferation of basal-like cell lines.

Techniques: Activity Assay

Journal: Cancer research

Article Title: Rho GTPase Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Oncogenic Roles for Rho GTPase-activating Proteins in Basal-like Breast Cancers

doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-15-2923

Figure Lengend Snippet: ArhGAP11A and RacGAP1 are highly expressed in BLBC. A-B, the expression of Rho GEF, GAP, GTPase, and GDI genes in basal-like breast tumors is shown relative to their expression in (A) normal or (B) luminal A tumors, as determined from TCGA RNA-Seq data.

Article Snippet: To address this, we focused on two RhoGAPs that are highly expressed in BLBC, ArhGAP11A and RacGAP1, and established that they are essential for the proliferation of basal-like cell lines.

Techniques: Expressing, RNA Sequencing Assay