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Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Article Title: Genotype-Encoded UV Sensitivity in iPSC-Derived Human Melanocytes Reveals MX2 as a Physiological Amplifier of p53/p38-Mediated DNA Damage Signaling
doi: 10.3390/ijms27062617
Figure Lengend Snippet: Molecular, morphological, and phenotypic characterization of patient-derived melanocyte lines with distinct sun-sensitivity profiles. ( A ) Schematic representation of the experimental workflow. Skin biopsies from patients were reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) using OCT3/4, SOX2, KLF4, and c-MYC. iPSCs were subsequently differentiated into melanocytes through exposure to SCF, EDN3, and bFGF. ( B ) Representative phase-contrast micrographs showing the morphology of embryoid bodies (EBs) and differentiated melanocytes derived from iPSCs. Differentiated melanocytes exhibit characteristic dendritic morphology. Immunofluorescence staining of melanocyte-specific markers MelanA and HMB45 in Leeds3, Leeds4, H1m, and NHM160 cell lines. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI. Scale bar: 50 μm. ( C ) Relative mRNA expression levels of melanocyte lineage genes MITF, PMEL, and TYR in Leeds3, Leeds4, H1m, and NHM160, as determined by quantitative RT-PCR. Expression values are normalized to housekeeping genes. ( D ) Quantification of intracellular melanin content (pg/cell) across the same cell lines, revealing differences in pigment production capacity. ( E ) Summary of MC1R gene variants identified in each cell line, along with corresponding sun-sensitivity scores and phenotypic classification. Lines Leeds3, Leeds4, Leeds5, Leeds7, Leeds8, and Leeds9 exhibit distinct MC1R polymorphisms and sun-sensitivity profiles, which correlate with pigmentation phenotypes. Notably, total melanin content does not correlate strictly with UV resistance, consistent with the known effects of MC1R variants on melanocyte signaling and redox balance rather than pigment quantity alone. H1m and NHM160 cells were included as standardized stem cell-derived and primary melanocyte reference controls, respectively.
Article Snippet: Quantitative real-time Reverse-Transcription PCR: RT-qPCR reactions were performed as previously described [ ] using TaqMan Gene Expression Assays: MITF (
Techniques: Derivative Assay, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR