Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Overactive bladder phenotype induced by chronic activation of hypothalamic neuroendocrine stress pathways in rats with no extrinsic behavioral stress applied

doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-32428-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: Noninvasive assessment of voiding behavior in PVN-GFP and PVN-BDNF rats at weeks 3, 6, 10, and 14 following vector injections. A : UroVoid metabolic cage setup used for urine voiding behavior assessment (left), and representative traces of voiding micturogram at the week 14 timepoint from a PVN-BDNF vs. a PVN-GFP rat (right). B : Intermicturition interval (IMI) at all timepoints during the light (left) and dark (right) phases averaged over the 48-hr sessions in PVN-GFP and PVN-BDNF rats. C : Voided volume at all timepoints during the light (left) and dark (right) phases averaged over the 48-hr sessions in PVN-GFP and PVN-BDNF rats. Results are expressed as mean ± SEM. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test was used. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001 vs. control (GFP: n = 8; BDNF: n = 6).

Article Snippet: Urine was collected in an Erlenmeyer flask placed on a scale that was connected to a data-acquisition computer running UroVoid Data Acquisition Software (Med Associates, Inc., Georgia, VT).

Techniques: Plasmid Preparation, Control