Journal: Journal of Invertebrate Pathology

Article Title: Cordycepin, a metabolite of Cordyceps militaris, reduces immune-related gene expression in insects

doi: 10.1016/j.jip.2020.107480

Figure Lengend Snippet: Expression of AMPs in D. melanogaster S2r+ cells in response to cordycepin treatment. S2r+ cells (three biological replicates) were treated with DMSO (dark grey bars) or DMSO plus 25 µg ml −1 (100 µM) cordycepin (light grey bars). Immune challenge was simulated using 20 µg ml −1 LPS or curdlan. Cells were sampled 4 h after treatment. Fold changes in gene expression were calculated using the 2 - Δ Δ C T method compared to untreated samples with correction for the internal control (RP49). Relative expression of A) metchnikowin and B) attacin A is shown. Error bars show ± SEM and different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (p < 0.05; ANOVA, Tukey HSD post hoc tests).

Article Snippet: To determine the effect of cordycepin on gene expression, cells were treated with the immune response stimulants curdlan (linear beta-1,3-glucan; 20 μg ml −1 ; Carbosynth Ltd., Compton, UK) or crude LPS (lipopolysaccharide; 20 μg ml −1 ; Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, USA), followed by addition of 25 μg ml −1 (100 μM) cordycepin solution in DMSO, or DMSO only.

Techniques: Expressing, Gene Expression, Control

Journal: Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Article Title: Caspase-8 modulates Dectin-1 and CR3 driven IL-1β production in response to β-glucans and the fungal pathogen, Candida albicans 1

doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1400276

Figure Lengend Snippet: Unprimed or Pam2CSK4 primed BMDC from C57BL/6 mice were stimulated with curdlan (I or W) for 24h (A-C) or 6h (D), pdAdT or silica for 6h, nigericin for 1h in the presence of the soluble WGP antagonist (A-B) or Cytochalasin D (D). Curdlan or Carboxymethylated curdlan from Wako Chemicals (W) were used at increasing concentrations (C). IL-1β released in the supernatants was measured by ELISA. Statistical analysis was performed on results in panels A, B and D as described in the Materials and Methods section.

Article Snippet: Carboxy-methylated curdlan was also from Wako chemicals.

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: NPJ Science of Food

Article Title: Microgelation imparts emulsifying ability to surface-inactive polysaccharides—bottom-up vs top-down approaches

doi: 10.1038/s41538-018-0023-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Particle size analyses of the prepared microgels. i -a, i -b Volume-weighted particle size distribution of agar and curdlan microgels measured by Coulter principle particle size analyzer with a detection range of from 2 to 60 μm. ii Representative values calculated from the particle size distributions of agar and curdlan microgels (mean ± S.D., n = 3). iii Weight-based particle size distribution of gellan gum microgels analyzed by SEC-MALS. iv Mean and mode sizes of gellan gum microgels calculated from the particle size distributions (mean ± S.D., n = 3)

Article Snippet: Agar, curdlan, and gellan gum were purchased from FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation, Osaka, Japan.

Techniques: