Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: The Impact of Acute or Chronic Alcohol Intake on the NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Alcohol-Related Liver Disease

doi: 10.3390/ijms21249407

Figure Lengend Snippet: A summary overview of research studies indicating the protective/therapeutic influence of various compounds in alcoholic liver disease (ALD). ↑ —indicates an increase, ↓ —indicates a decrease. ADH—alcohol dehydrogenase, AH—alcoholic hepatitis, ALD—alcoholic liver disease, ALDH—aldehyde dehydrogenase, ALI—alcohol-related liver injury, ALT—alanine transaminase, AMPK—adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, AST—aspartate transaminase, C57BL/6—C57 black 6, CMZ—chlormethiazole, COX-2—cyclooxygenase 2, CYP2E1/1A2—cytochrome 2E1 and 1A2, EtOH—ethanol, GP—glutathione peroxidase, GSH—glutathione, HO-1—heme-oxygenase-1, HSCs—hepatic stellate cells, ICR—Institute of Cancer Research, IL—interleukin, iNOS—nitric oxide synthase, IκB—inhibitor of kappa B, LPS—lipopolysaccharide, MAPK—mitogen-activated protein kinase, MDA—malondialdehyde, MyD88—myeloid differentiation primary response 88 protein, NF-κB—nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, NLRP3—nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat (NLR) family, pyrin domain containing 3, Nrf2—nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, p53—tumor suppressor p53, p65 (RelA)—v-rel avian reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A, PPARα—peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor alpha, RBPE—rice bran phenolic extract, SOD—superoxide dismutase, SPF—specific pathogen-free, SREBP-1c—sterol regulatory element-binding protein, STAT3—signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, TLR2/4—toll like receptor 2 and 4, TNFα—tumor necrosis factor alpha, ZO-1—zonula occludens-1.

Article Snippet: The semi-synthetic compound chlormethiazole (CMZ) was applied as an inhibitor of CYP21E and thus concluded in a reduced LPS-induced inflammation level in Kupffer cells, isolated from Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats after 4 weeks of EtOH diet [ ].

Techniques: In Vivo, In Vitro, Activity Assay, Expressing, Activation Assay

Journal: Journal of Thoracic Disease

Article Title: The synergistic Reduning and cefmetazole sodium treatment of severe pneumonia is mediated by the AhR-Src-STAT3 pathway

doi: 10.21037/jtd-22-126

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of RDN on survival rate, lung histopathological changes and X-ray in severe pneumonia rats. (A) Survival rate and bacterial load in rats. The data are shown as the means ± SD. **, P<0.01 indicates significant differences compared to the control group; #, P<0.05 vs. the model group; ##, P<0.01 vs. the model group; Δ, P<0.05 vs. the CMZ group; ΔΔ, P<0.01 vs. the CMZ group. (B) Changes in the chest X-rays of the rats with severe pneumonia in each group. (C) The effects of RDN and CMZ on histopathological changes in lung tissues in rats with severe pneumonia [hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE), ×200]. RDN, Reduning; CMZ, Cefmetazole.

Article Snippet: CMZ was obtained from Sinopharm Zhijun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Shenzhen, China).

Techniques: Control, Staining

Journal: Journal of Thoracic Disease

Article Title: The synergistic Reduning and cefmetazole sodium treatment of severe pneumonia is mediated by the AhR-Src-STAT3 pathway

doi: 10.21037/jtd-22-126

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of RDN on the protein expressions of AhR, p-src, p-STAT3 and IL-10 in severe pneumonia rats. (A) Immunofluorescence staining of AhR, p-src, p-STAT3, and IL-10 in the lung tissues of rats with severe pneumonia (red indicates the target protein, ×400). (B) The effects of the AhR-Src-STAT3-IL-10 pathway in rats with severe pneumonia. Western blots showing AhR, p-Src, Src, p-STAT3, STAT3, IL-10, and β-actin expression. The values represent the mean ± SD of 6 independent experiments, and the differences between the mean values were assessed by the Student’s t-test. *, P<0.05, **, P<0.01 indicates significant differences compared to the control group; #, P<0.05 vs. the model group; ##, P<0.01 vs. the model; Δ, P<0.05 vs. the CMZ group; ΔΔ, P<0.01 vs. the CMZ group. RDN, Reduning; CMZ, Cefmetazole; AhR, Aryl hydrocarbon receptor; p-Src, Phosphorylation Src tyrosine kinase; Src, Src tyrosine kinase; p-STAT3, Phosphorylation signal transducer and activator of transcription 3; STAT3, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3; IL-10, interleukin 10.

Article Snippet: CMZ was obtained from Sinopharm Zhijun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Shenzhen, China).

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Staining, Western Blot, Expressing, Control, Phospho-proteomics

Journal: Journal of Thoracic Disease

Article Title: The synergistic Reduning and cefmetazole sodium treatment of severe pneumonia is mediated by the AhR-Src-STAT3 pathway

doi: 10.21037/jtd-22-126

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of RDN on the protein expressions of CD86 and CD163 in severe pneumonia rats. (A) Immunofluorescence staining of the lung tissues of the rats with severe pneumonia (green indicates the target protein, ×400). (B) Western blots showing CD86, CD163, and β-actin. The values represent the mean ± SD of 6 independent experiments, and the differences between mean values were assessed by the Student’s t-test. **, P<0.01 vs. the control group; #, P<0.05, ##, P<0.01 vs. the model group; Δ, P<0.05, ΔΔ, P<0.01 vs. the CMZ group. RDN, Reduning; CMZ, cefmetazole; CD86, cluster of differentiation 86; CD163, cluster of differentiation 163.

Article Snippet: CMZ was obtained from Sinopharm Zhijun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Shenzhen, China).

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Staining, Western Blot, Control