Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology

Article Title: Chemerin aggravates DSS-induced colitis by suppressing M2 macrophage polarization

doi: 10.1038/cmi.2014.15

Figure Lengend Snippet: Increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in chemerin-treated mice following DSS exposure. ( a ) The concentrations of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNF-α and IFN-γ in the supernatant of colon cells after 24 h of culture were measured by ELISA. ( b ) The serum levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α were measured by ELISA. * P <0.05, ** P <0.01, *** P <0.001. The data are expressed as the mean±s.e.m. ( n =4–6 per group). Similar results were obtained in three independent experiments with 4–6 mice per group. DSS, dextran sulfate sodium; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; IFN, interferon.

Article Snippet: The concentrations of chemerin were measured using an ELISA Kit for mouse chemerin (R&D Systems).

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology

Article Title: Chemerin aggravates DSS-induced colitis by suppressing M2 macrophage polarization

doi: 10.1038/cmi.2014.15

Figure Lengend Snippet: Attenuated intestinal inflammation in neutralizing anti-chemerin (ChAb)-treated mice following DSS exposure. ( a ) The methods for DSS-induced colitis and ChAb administration. ( b ) Representative photomicrographs of colon sections stained with H&E were examined at ×40 magnification. ( c ) Histological scores were determined as described in the section on ‘Materials and methods'. ( d ) The percentages of neutrophils, DCs and macrophages in the colons were determined by flow cytometry as described above. ( e ) The concentrations of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNF-α and IFN-γ in the supernatant of colon cells after 24 h of culture were measured by ELISA. ( f ) The colonic expression of the M2 macrophage-associated genes Arg1, Ym1, FIZZ1 and IL-10 was examined by RT-PCR analysis. The data are expressed as the mean±s.e.m. ( n =5 per group). Similar results were obtained in three independent experiments with five mice per group. ns=not significant, * P <0.05, ** P <0.01, *** P <0.001. ChAb, chemerin antibody; DC, dendritic cell; DSS, dextran sulfate sodium; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; IFN, interferon; UC, ulcerative colitis.

Article Snippet: The concentrations of chemerin were measured using an ELISA Kit for mouse chemerin (R&D Systems).

Techniques: Staining, Flow Cytometry, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Expressing, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction

Journal: Molecular Medicine

Article Title: Chemerin alleviates the placental oxidative stress and improves fetal overgrowth of gestational diabetes mellitus mice induced by high fat diet

doi: 10.1186/s10020-024-01007-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effects of different concentrations of chemerin on ROS level, T-AOC and glucose uptake in the high glucose cell model. ( A ) The relative fluorescence intensity of ROS. ( B ) The detection of total antioxidant capacity. ( C ) The intake of glucose by cells. HG: high glucose; ROS: reactive oxygen species; T-AOC: total antioxidant capacity. Data were shown as mean ± SD ( n ≥ 3). * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01

Article Snippet: Fasting insulin levels were measured using a mouse insulin ELISA kit (P01325, RayBiotech Life, USA) and the content of chemerin was assayed by the mouse chemerin ELISA kit (EK1330, Boster Biological Technology, China), assays were both according to the manufacturer’s protocols.

Techniques: Fluorescence

Journal: Molecular Medicine

Article Title: Chemerin alleviates the placental oxidative stress and improves fetal overgrowth of gestational diabetes mellitus mice induced by high fat diet

doi: 10.1186/s10020-024-01007-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effects of chemerin on the glucose tolerance, weight of fetal mice and placentas, fasting insulin levels, lipid metabolism and liver function. ( A ) The blood glucose of pregnant mice detected by IPGTT on D16.5 (* represents the comparison between the chow groups and the HFD groups; # represents the comparison between the HFD groups and the treated groups). ( B ) The body weight of fetal mice on D18.5. ( C ) The weight of mice placentas on D18.5. ( D ) The sizes of fetal mice and placentas on D18.5 after chemerin treatment. ( E ) The serum level of chemerin on D18.5. ( F ) The serum level of fasting insulin on D18.5. ( G ) The serum level of ALT on D18.5. ( H ) The serum level of AST on D18.5. ( I ) The serum level of HDL on D18.5. ( J ) The serum level of LDL on D18.5. ( K ) The serum level of TC on D18.5. ( L ) The serum level of TG on D18.5. HFD: high fat diet; FINS: fasting insulin; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate transaminase; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglyceride. Data were shown as mean ± SD ( n ≥ 3). # P < 0.05; * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001

Article Snippet: Fasting insulin levels were measured using a mouse insulin ELISA kit (P01325, RayBiotech Life, USA) and the content of chemerin was assayed by the mouse chemerin ELISA kit (EK1330, Boster Biological Technology, China), assays were both according to the manufacturer’s protocols.

Techniques: Comparison

Journal: Molecular Medicine

Article Title: Chemerin alleviates the placental oxidative stress and improves fetal overgrowth of gestational diabetes mellitus mice induced by high fat diet

doi: 10.1186/s10020-024-01007-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: The localization and expressions of chemerin and DsbA-L in mice placenta of the HFD groups and the chow groups. ( A ) Staining of chemerin and DsbA-L by immunohistochemistry (scale bar = 100 μm). ( B ) Western blotting images of mice placentas. ( C ) Protein quantification of chemerin relative to β-actin. ( D ) AOD of chemerin in mice placenta. ( E ) AOD of DsbA-L in mice placenta. DsbA-L: disulfide-bond A oxidoreductase-like protein; HFD: high fat diet; LA: labyrinth; JZ: junctional zone; AOD: average optical density. Data were shown as mean ± SD ( n ≥ 3). ** P < 0.01, **** P < 0.0001

Article Snippet: Fasting insulin levels were measured using a mouse insulin ELISA kit (P01325, RayBiotech Life, USA) and the content of chemerin was assayed by the mouse chemerin ELISA kit (EK1330, Boster Biological Technology, China), assays were both according to the manufacturer’s protocols.

Techniques: Staining, Immunohistochemistry, Western Blot

Journal: Molecular Medicine

Article Title: Chemerin alleviates the placental oxidative stress and improves fetal overgrowth of gestational diabetes mellitus mice induced by high fat diet

doi: 10.1186/s10020-024-01007-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: The roles and mechanisms of chemerin in the placental oxidative stress and insulin resistance in HFD pregnant mice. ( A ) Western blotting images of mice placentas of three groups. ( B ) Western blotting images of mice placentas between the chow groups and the HFD groups. ( C ) Western blotting images of mice placentas between the HFD groups and the treated groups. The HFD placenta samples presented in ( B ) and ( C ) were from the same several mice. ( D ) Protein quantification of AKT relative to β-actin. ( E ) Protein quantification of IRS1 relative to β-actin. ( F ) Protein quantification of STING relative to β-actin. ( G ) Protein quantification of DsbA-L relative to β-actin. ( H ) The activity of SOD in mice placenta. ( I ) The activity of GSH-Px in mice placenta. ( J ) The activity of CAT in mice placenta. ( K ) The content of MDA in mice placenta. HFD: high fat diet; AKT/PKB: protein kinase B; IRS1: insulin receptor substrate 1; STING: stimulator of interferon genes; DsbA-L: disulfide-bond A oxidoreductase-like protein; SOD: superoxide dismutase; GSH-Px: glutathione peroxidase; CAT: catalase; MDA: malondialdehyde. Data were shown as mean ± SD ( n ≥ 3). * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01

Article Snippet: Fasting insulin levels were measured using a mouse insulin ELISA kit (P01325, RayBiotech Life, USA) and the content of chemerin was assayed by the mouse chemerin ELISA kit (EK1330, Boster Biological Technology, China), assays were both according to the manufacturer’s protocols.

Techniques: Western Blot, Activity Assay

Journal: Molecular Medicine

Article Title: Chemerin alleviates the placental oxidative stress and improves fetal overgrowth of gestational diabetes mellitus mice induced by high fat diet

doi: 10.1186/s10020-024-01007-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: The long-term impacts of chemerin on blood glucose levels and body weight of maternal and fetal mice. ( A ) The postpartum blood glucose levels of the maternal mice at 8 weeks by IPGTT. ( B ) The blood glucose levels of the mice offspring at 8 weeks old by IPGTT. ( C ) The serum levels of chemerin in the maternal mice at 8 weeks after delivery. ( D ) The serum levels of chemerin in the mice offspring at 8 weeks old. ( E ) The changes of body weight of the mice offspring from 1 to 8 weeks of age. HFD: high fat diet. Data were shown as mean ± SD ( n ≥ 3). * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001

Article Snippet: Fasting insulin levels were measured using a mouse insulin ELISA kit (P01325, RayBiotech Life, USA) and the content of chemerin was assayed by the mouse chemerin ELISA kit (EK1330, Boster Biological Technology, China), assays were both according to the manufacturer’s protocols.

Techniques:

Journal: iScience

Article Title: Adipocyte-derived chemerin rescues lipid overload-induced cardiac dysfunction

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106495

Figure Lengend Snippet: Key resources table

Article Snippet: The mice serum chemerin was assessed by ELISA kit from R&D System (Cat.DY2325; R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA) and was performed according to the instruction.

Techniques: Recombinant, Bicinchoninic Acid Protein Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Cholesterol Assay, Knock-Out