Journal: Plant Methods

Article Title: Installation and imaging of thousands of minirhizotrons to phenotype root systems of field-grown plants

doi: 10.1186/s13007-022-00874-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Examples of images from portions of the soil profile from two example minirhizotron tubes showing variation in the root system size and distribution at shallow to moderate depths. Individual images with dimensions of 18 × 13 mm were stitched together using Adobe Photoshop

Article Snippet: Cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) minirhizotron tubes of 183-cm (6 ft.) length, 5.715-cm diameter, wall thickness of 0.3175 cm, and internal diameter of 5.3975 cm were used (Exelon by Thermo, Georgetown, Delaware, USA).

Techniques:

Journal: Plant Methods

Article Title: Installation and imaging of thousands of minirhizotrons to phenotype root systems of field-grown plants

doi: 10.1186/s13007-022-00874-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Large scale minirhizotron installation in 2019, demonstrating capacity of installation with the presented method, as a aerial photograph of full experiment, b aerial photograph of portion of the experiment showing four minirhizotron tubes per subplot, c close up from ground of a single subplot showing PVC caps on tubes and normal plant growth at a later growth stage

Article Snippet: Cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) minirhizotron tubes of 183-cm (6 ft.) length, 5.715-cm diameter, wall thickness of 0.3175 cm, and internal diameter of 5.3975 cm were used (Exelon by Thermo, Georgetown, Delaware, USA).

Techniques:

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Development of a controlled-release mosquito RNAi yeast larvicide suitable for the sustained control of large water storage containers

doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-81800-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: Formulating a controlled-release tablet. A. aegypti larval mortality was observed following larval treatments with tablets containing 20% syt.427 yeast, 20% chitosan, and 60% microcrystalline cellulose ( A , *** = P < 0.001 vs. tablets prepared with control yeast, paired two-tailed t-test). The syt.427 tablets containing PLA or PCL induced significant larval mortality ( B , *** = P < 0.001 with respect to the control counterpart, ANOVA/Tukey’s multiple comparison test; refer to Table for the compositions of each tablet). The mean results from two replicate trials per treatment are shown in ( B ), and error bars represent SEMs. The syt.427 tablets containing the UV protectants zinc oxide (ZO) or titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) induced significant larval mortality ( C , *** = P < 0.001 with respect to the control counterpart, ANOVA/Tukey’s multiple comparison test). No significant larvicidal activity was observed in control tablets containing the UV protectants. Tablets contained UV protectants in either 20:20:5:45:10 yeast:chitosan:microcrystalline cellulose:PLA:UV protectant (ZO1 and TiO2-1) or 20:20:5:45:20 yeast:chitosan:microcrystalline cellulose:PLA:UV protectant (ZO2 and TiO2-2). The mean results from three replicate trials per treatment are shown in ( C ), and error bars represent SEMs. Tablets stored at 54 °C for two weeks in accelerated storage (2W-AS, D ) did not have significantly different activity compared to fresh tablets (OW, D ). Both the OW and 2W-AS tablets killed significantly more larvae than their control counterparts ( D , P < 0.001 is denoted by ***, ANOVA/Tukey’s multiple comparison test; mean results from two replicate trials per treatment are shown, and error bars correspond to SDs).

Article Snippet: Materials used for tablet preparation : The following materials were acquired and used for tablet preparation: beeswax (yellow, Strahl & Pitsch SP66G, 0911/15), chitosan (Sigma-Aldrich C3646), hollow glass microspheres (System Three, 646697002783), microcrystalline cellulose (MCC, Alfa Aesar A17730.36), polylactide acid resin (PLA; Natureworks Ingeo Biopolymer 6362D, CK0528B131), and titanium dioxide (TiO 2 , Spectrum Chemical T1083).

Techniques: Control, Two Tailed Test, Comparison, Titanium Dioxide, Activity Assay

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Development of a controlled-release mosquito RNAi yeast larvicide suitable for the sustained control of large water storage containers

doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-81800-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: Composition of PLA and PCL tablets evaluated.

Article Snippet: Materials used for tablet preparation : The following materials were acquired and used for tablet preparation: beeswax (yellow, Strahl & Pitsch SP66G, 0911/15), chitosan (Sigma-Aldrich C3646), hollow glass microspheres (System Three, 646697002783), microcrystalline cellulose (MCC, Alfa Aesar A17730.36), polylactide acid resin (PLA; Natureworks Ingeo Biopolymer 6362D, CK0528B131), and titanium dioxide (TiO 2 , Spectrum Chemical T1083).

Techniques: Control

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Development of a controlled-release mosquito RNAi yeast larvicide suitable for the sustained control of large water storage containers

doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-81800-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: Evaluating the impacts of the tablet formulation on A. aegypti oviposition choice. ( A ) Gravid adult female A. aegypti are not attracted to water treated with tablets containing PCL. The mean number of eggs laid by a gravid female mosquito in three replicate trials per treatment are shown. Although gravid A. aegypti females were attracted to lay eggs in containers treated with tablets containing PLA, the mosquitoes preferred to lay eggs in untreated water vs. water containing tablets with PCL ( A , Error bars correspond to SEM; *** = P < 0.001 with respect to the alternative container in each two-point assay, ANOVA/Tukey’s multiple comparisons test). Gravid adult female A. aegypti laid significantly more eggs in containers treated with tablets composed of 20:20:5:45:10 yeast:chitosan:microcrystalline cellulose:PLA:titanium dioxide ( B ; assays were pursued after the tablets had been subjected to accelerated storage conditions; results were compiled from 12 replicate trials/treatment, and error bars correspond to SEM; *** = P < 0.001 with respect to the untreated water container in each two point assay, Mann Whitney U Test).

Article Snippet: Materials used for tablet preparation : The following materials were acquired and used for tablet preparation: beeswax (yellow, Strahl & Pitsch SP66G, 0911/15), chitosan (Sigma-Aldrich C3646), hollow glass microspheres (System Three, 646697002783), microcrystalline cellulose (MCC, Alfa Aesar A17730.36), polylactide acid resin (PLA; Natureworks Ingeo Biopolymer 6362D, CK0528B131), and titanium dioxide (TiO 2 , Spectrum Chemical T1083).

Techniques: Formulation, Titanium Dioxide, MANN-WHITNEY