Journal: Animals : an Open Access Journal from MDPI

Article Title: Proximal Perineural Femoral Nerve Injection in Pigs Using an Ultrasound-Guided Lateral Subiliac Approach—A Cadaveric Study

doi: 10.3390/ani11061759

Figure Lengend Snippet: Ultrasound-transducer positioning and suggested insertion direction of the PNB-needle. ( a ) Transducer position in ventral view. ( b ) The US beam is directed dorsally and slightly medially; the orientation marker on the transducer faces lateral. The needle was inserted from lateral, entering 1 cm caudal and ventral to the coxal tuber (CT) of os ilium, using an in-plane technique and displayed angle. cr, cranial; cd, caudal; v, ventral; d, dorsal.

Article Snippet: A portable US machine (NanoMaxx, Fujifilm SonoSite, Bothell, WA, USA) and a 38-mm broadband linear array US transducer (L38n/10–5 MHz Transducer, Fujifilm SonoSite, Bothell, WA, USA) were used to identify the anatomical reference structures and target nerve.

Techniques: Marker

Journal: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

Article Title: Improvement of Detection Sensitivity of Microbubbles as Sensors to Detect Ambient Pressure †

doi: 10.3390/s18124083

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schemes of the experimental setups for measurements of microbubbles’ acoustic properties in an ambient pressure range of 4–180 mmHg and at different time (<35 min) after injecting microbubbles. ( a ) Attenuation measurements; ( b ) Acoustic transmission measurement; ( c ) Scattering measurements and the bubble flow injection system in the 8−180 mmHg ambient pressure range. For the setup, ( a ) the Pulser/Receiver (P/R) generated and received pulses. For the setup, ( b ) the arbitrary waveform generator (AWG) connected to the power amplifier (Power amp) generated tone bursts and the transmitted signals from microbubbles were received, amplified, and digitalized by the data acquisition card (DAQ). Furthermore, the signal processing was executed by a personal computer. For ( a ) and ( b ), ultrasound contrast agents (UCA) microbubbles were added into a sample chamber. For the setup, ( c ) the diluted SonoVue microbubbles were pumped into the water tank by a syringe pump, and the bubble flow was located at the focus of the transducers. The ambient pressure was controlled by an air pump and monitored by a pressure sensor.

Article Snippet: A single element transducer had a center frequency of 3.5 MHz, with a −6 dB bandwidth of 2.58–5.47 MHz (V382-SU, Panametrics, Waltham, MA, USA).

Techniques: Transmission Assay, Injection, Generated, Amplification

Journal: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

Article Title: Improvement of Detection Sensitivity of Microbubbles as Sensors to Detect Ambient Pressure †

doi: 10.3390/s18124083

Figure Lengend Snippet: Received pulses obtained using a pair of focused transducers with a center frequency of 3.5 MHz. ( a ) Measured pulses reflected with a stainless-steel plate behind the sample chamber. The upper pulse comes from the reference measurement in the sample chamber without bubbles; the lower one is received from the transmitted pulse through the chamber with microbubbles. ( b ) The power spectra of the two received pulses.

Article Snippet: A single element transducer had a center frequency of 3.5 MHz, with a −6 dB bandwidth of 2.58–5.47 MHz (V382-SU, Panametrics, Waltham, MA, USA).

Techniques: