Journal:

Article Title: Proteolysis of SNARE proteins alters facilitation and depression in a specific way

doi: 10.1073/pnas.0409656102

Figure Lengend Snippet: Botox A, E, and F result in a different percentage change in the PPR. PPRs were expressed as a percentage change over the control cells. Each individual toxin-treated response was divided by the average control response of their sister cultures. Botox A-treated neurons had a percentage change of 49 ± 10% SEM, whereas Botox E-treated neurons were 28 ± 4.7% SEM, and Botox F-treated neurons were 11 ± 8.6% SEM. A one-way ANOVA test demonstrated a significant difference in the mean of the three conditions (P < 0.0001). A Tukey test revealed that Botox A vs. Botox E was significantly different (P < 0.05), Botox A vs. Botox F was significantly different (P < 0.001), and Botox E vs. Botox F was significantly different (P < 0.01).

Article Snippet: Botox A, (Sigma), Botox F (Calbiochem), and Botox E (Wako) were added to cultures in varying concentrations for 20–28 h before electrophysiology or imaging experiments were carried out.

Techniques:

Journal:

Article Title: Proteolysis of SNARE proteins alters facilitation and depression in a specific way

doi: 10.1073/pnas.0409656102

Figure Lengend Snippet: Botox E blocks evoked release, but submaximal doses do not cause PPF or PPD. Paired-pulse data plotted as a ratio of the paired-pulse EPSC charge integrals. The mean PPR for the control was 0.806 ± 0.043 SEM, and the mean PPR for the Botox E-treated cultures was 1.04 ± 0.039 SEM. n = 12 for control; n = 14 for 3 pM Botox E.

Article Snippet: Botox A, (Sigma), Botox F (Calbiochem), and Botox E (Wako) were added to cultures in varying concentrations for 20–28 h before electrophysiology or imaging experiments were carried out.

Techniques:

Journal:

Article Title: Proteolysis of SNARE proteins alters facilitation and depression in a specific way

doi: 10.1073/pnas.0409656102

Figure Lengend Snippet: The SNARE complex regulates asynchronous release. (A) Comparison of EPSC charge integral in 5 mM Ca2+ vs. 1 mM Ca2+. The ratio of the EPSC charge integral in 1 mM Ca2+ to 5 mM Ca2+ was 0.35. (B) Total number of asynchronous events in 5 mM Ca2+ vs. 1 mM Ca2+. The predicted number of events was 3.8 ± 0.82 SEM, whereas the 1 mM Ca2+ was 3.8 ± 0.62 SEM. Student's t test did not reveal a difference between the predicted total and the 1 mM total. n = 5 for 5 mM Ca2+ and 1 mM Ca2+. (C) Comparison of EPSC charge integral in 5 mM Ca2+ vs. Botox A cultures. The ratio of the EPSC charge integral in 1 mM Ca2+ to 5 mM Ca2+ was 0.26. (D) Total number of asynchronous events in 5 mM Ca2+ vs. 1 mM Ca2+. The predicted number of events was 5.6 ± 1.5 SEM, whereas the Botox A amount was 5.8 ± 2.9 SEM. Student's t test did not reveal a difference between the predicted total and the 1 mM total. n = 5 for 5 mM Ca2+- and Botox A-treated cultures. (E) Comparison of EPSC charge integral in 5 mM Cal2+ vs. Botox F. The ratio of the EPSC charge integral in 1 mM Ca2+ to 5 mM Ca2+ was 0.26. (F) Total number of asynchronous events in 5 mM Ca2+ vs. Botox F. The predicted number of events was 4.1 ± 1.2 SEM, whereas the Botox F amount was 4.4 ± 0.9 SEM. Student's t test did not reveal a difference between the predicted total and the 1 mM total. n = 5 for 5 mM Ca2+- and Botox F-treated cultures. (G) Comparison of EPSC charge integral in 5 mM Ca2+ vs. Botox E. The ratio of the EPSC charge integral in 1 mM Ca2+ to 5 mM Ca2+ was 0.16. (H) Total number of asynchronous events in 5 mM Ca2+ and Botox E. The predicted number of events was determined as described in Materials and Methods. Student's t test revealed a difference between the predicted total and the Botox E total. (P < 0.01). The predicted amount was 2.848 ± 0.49 SEM, whereas the Botox E amount was 7.8 ± 1.15 SEM. n = 5 for 5 mM Ca2+- and Botox E-treated cultures.

Article Snippet: Botox A, (Sigma), Botox F (Calbiochem), and Botox E (Wako) were added to cultures in varying concentrations for 20–28 h before electrophysiology or imaging experiments were carried out.

Techniques:

Journal: Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

Article Title: Application of botulinum toxin in maxillofacial field: part I. Bruxism and square jaw

doi: 10.1186/s40902-019-0218-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Brand names for botulinum toxin A include Dysport, BTXA, Botox, etc. The drugs differ from each other in their unit and possess different methods of injection depending on their method of dilution

Article Snippet: At present, botox under the brand names BTXA (Hanall pharmaceuticals, China), Dysport (Beaufour Ipsen Korea (Ltd), France), and Botox (Daewoong Pharma Importer, Allergan, USA) are marketed in Korea.

Techniques: Injection

Journal: Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

Article Title: Application of botulinum toxin in maxillofacial field: part I. Bruxism and square jaw

doi: 10.1186/s40902-019-0218-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: A protocol used for forehead wrinkles, eye wrinkles, etc. A standard dose is estimated based on the dose of Botox and BTXA (formula by Carruthers) [ , ]

Article Snippet: At present, botox under the brand names BTXA (Hanall pharmaceuticals, China), Dysport (Beaufour Ipsen Korea (Ltd), France), and Botox (Daewoong Pharma Importer, Allergan, USA) are marketed in Korea.

Techniques: