Journal: Cell Death Discovery

Article Title: APOA2-mediated endothelial mesenchymal transition and cancer lipid metabolism reprogramming confers antiangiogenic drug resistance through TGF-β

doi: 10.1038/s41420-026-02984-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: a MRI images, changes in AFP, and quantification of tumor volume in representative HCC-resistant patients before and after apatinib treatment. Scale bars, 10 cm. b MRI images, changes in AFP, and quantification of tumor thrombus volume in representative HCC-sensitive patients before and after apatinib treatment. Scale bars, 10 cm. c The GO pathway analysis of differential genes was enriched, with APOA2 ranking first in the small molecule metabolic process. d The KEGG pathway analysis of differential genes was enriched, with APOA2 ranking first in the PPAR signaling pathway. e Intensity of APOA2 IHC staining in 10 paired HCC patient tissues (sensitive vs resistant). Scale bars, 50 µm. f Predicted network diagram of the interactions between APOA2 and VEGFR2.

Article Snippet: Primary APOA2 antibody (Proteintech, 16845-1-AP, CHN) was diluted at 1:50, while mouse/rabbit linker (Santa Cruz, sc2357, USA) was diluted at 1:100.

Techniques: Immunohistochemistry

Journal: Cell Death Discovery

Article Title: APOA2-mediated endothelial mesenchymal transition and cancer lipid metabolism reprogramming confers antiangiogenic drug resistance through TGF-β

doi: 10.1038/s41420-026-02984-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: After the evaluation of acquired drug resistance, the HCC-bearing mice were divided into 3 groups: (C)control ( n = 7), (R)resistant ( n = 7), and (S)sensitive ( n = 24). a Quantification of subcutaneous tumor mass and volume in the three groups. Numbers 1–7 represent control group, 1–7 for resistance group, and 1–7 for sensitivity group. * p < 0.05, ns, not significant. b . Representative images of CD31 immunofluorescence staining of tumor tissue. The upper part of the image is a comprehensive view of CD31 staining of the entire tumor tissue section, while the bottom part shows CD31 staining under magnification. CD31 + microvessel signals were randomly quantified from 12 fields ( n = 7 mice in each group), Scale bars, 50 µm. * p < 0.05, ns, not significant. c and d . Western blotting of APOA2, VEGFR2, and P-VEGFR2 in tumor tissue ( n = 4). e Representative images of APOA2 IHC staining intensity of tumor tissue, Scale bars, 100 µm. The upper part of the image is a comprehensive view of APOA2 staining of the entire tumor tissue section, while the bottom part shows APOA2 staining under magnification. Scale bars, 100 µm. * p < 0.05, ns, not significant.

Article Snippet: Primary APOA2 antibody (Proteintech, 16845-1-AP, CHN) was diluted at 1:50, while mouse/rabbit linker (Santa Cruz, sc2357, USA) was diluted at 1:100.

Techniques: Control, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Western Blot, Immunohistochemistry

Journal: Cell Death Discovery

Article Title: APOA2-mediated endothelial mesenchymal transition and cancer lipid metabolism reprogramming confers antiangiogenic drug resistance through TGF-β

doi: 10.1038/s41420-026-02984-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: a Representative images of HCC cell lines overexpressing APOA2. Scale bars, 100 µm. Western blotting verified the protein levels of APOA2, VEGFR2, and P-VEGFR2 in 4 cell lines. b – d Subcutaneous tumor, tumor volume and tumor mass quantification, along with tumor growth curve of each group ( n = 6). e – g Characterization of tumor inhibition rate in each group. *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001, ns not significant.

Article Snippet: Primary APOA2 antibody (Proteintech, 16845-1-AP, CHN) was diluted at 1:50, while mouse/rabbit linker (Santa Cruz, sc2357, USA) was diluted at 1:100.

Techniques: Western Blot, Inhibition

Journal: Cell Death Discovery

Article Title: APOA2-mediated endothelial mesenchymal transition and cancer lipid metabolism reprogramming confers antiangiogenic drug resistance through TGF-β

doi: 10.1038/s41420-026-02984-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: a – f The experiment comprised two groups: control (Control) and APOA2 overexpression (APOA2). a , d Colony formation assay conducted on MHCC97H and SMMC7721 cells ( n = 3), b , e Representative images from EdU assay performed on MHCC97H and SMMC7721 cells, with EdU signals quantified from 12 fields ( n = 6), Scale bars, 50 µm. c , f CCK8 assay results of MHCC97H and SMMC7721 cells. g The experiment comprised 4 groups: control group receiving solvent and apatinib (Control + Vehicle vs Control + Apatinib), and the APOA2 overexpression group receiving solvent and apatinib (APOA2+Vehicle vs APOA2+Apatinib). Representative images of Ki67 and cleaved-caspase 3 immunofluorescence staining of tumor tissue, with Ki67+ and cleaved-caspase 3+ signals quantified from 12 fields ( n = 6). Scale bars, 100 µm. * p < 0.05, ns not significant.

Article Snippet: Primary APOA2 antibody (Proteintech, 16845-1-AP, CHN) was diluted at 1:50, while mouse/rabbit linker (Santa Cruz, sc2357, USA) was diluted at 1:100.

Techniques: Control, Over Expression, Colony Assay, EdU Assay, CCK-8 Assay, Solvent, Immunofluorescence, Staining

Journal: Cell Death Discovery

Article Title: APOA2-mediated endothelial mesenchymal transition and cancer lipid metabolism reprogramming confers antiangiogenic drug resistance through TGF-β

doi: 10.1038/s41420-026-02984-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: a Representative bright-field images of tubular formation in HUVECs cultured with conditioned media from MHCC97H and SMCC7721 (overexpressing APOA2 or not). Scale bar, 400 µm. b Representative images of EdU assay conducted on HUVECs cultured with conditioned media from MHCC97H and SMCC7721 (overexpressing APOA2 or not), with EdU signals quantified from 12 fields ( n = 6). Scale bars, 100 µm. c Representative images of migration of HUVECs cultured with conditioned media from MHCC97H and SMCC7721 (overexpressing APOA2 or not), Scale bars, 100 µm. * p < 0.05, ns not significant.

Article Snippet: Primary APOA2 antibody (Proteintech, 16845-1-AP, CHN) was diluted at 1:50, while mouse/rabbit linker (Santa Cruz, sc2357, USA) was diluted at 1:100.

Techniques: Cell Culture, EdU Assay, Migration

Journal: Cell Death Discovery

Article Title: APOA2-mediated endothelial mesenchymal transition and cancer lipid metabolism reprogramming confers antiangiogenic drug resistance through TGF-β

doi: 10.1038/s41420-026-02984-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: a Volcano plot of differentially expressed proteins between the APOA2 overexpression group and the control group, with a fold change ≥ 1.5 and adjusted p < 0.01 ( n = 3). Gray denotes no significant difference, blue indicates low expression, and red indicates high expression. The volcano plot labels the five highest expressed proteins and five lowest expressed proteins. b Histogram of 5 highest expressed proteins and 5 lowest expressed proteins ( n = 3). c Enrichment analysis of KEGG pathways for differentially expressed proteins between the APOA2 overexpression group and the control group. d Histogram showing levels of TGF-β ligand, receptor, and signaling pathway-related protein in proteomics (n = 3). e Pearson correlation analysis of five highly expressed proteins and TGF-β in HCC. f Relative mRNA levels of TGF-β in HCC cells and tumor tissues with or without overexpressing APOA2 analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR ( n = 6). g ELISA detection of TGF-β in HCC cell (with or without overexpressing APOA2) medium and serum of HCC-bearing mice (with or without overexpressing APOA2). h Western blotting detecting the protein levels of TGF-βR1, TGF-βR2, P-TGFβR1 and P-TGFβR2 in HCC cells and tumor tissues with or without overexpressing APOA2. * p < 0.05, ns, not significant.

Article Snippet: Primary APOA2 antibody (Proteintech, 16845-1-AP, CHN) was diluted at 1:50, while mouse/rabbit linker (Santa Cruz, sc2357, USA) was diluted at 1:100.

Techniques: Over Expression, Control, Expressing, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Western Blot

Journal: Cell Death Discovery

Article Title: APOA2-mediated endothelial mesenchymal transition and cancer lipid metabolism reprogramming confers antiangiogenic drug resistance through TGF-β

doi: 10.1038/s41420-026-02984-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: a Enrichment analysis of GO pathways for differentially expressed proteins between APOA2 overexpression and the control group, with a fold change ≥ 1.5 and adjusted p -value < 0.01. b Glucose consumption in MHCC97H cells in the designated group ( n = 6). c Lactate production in MHCC97H cells in the designated group ( n = 6). d Mito Fuel Flex test revealed dependence on the oxidation of glucose, glutamine, or FA in MHCC97H cells in the designated group ( n = 6). e BODIPY-FA uptake in MHCC97H cells in the designated group. f β-oxidation assay in MHCC97H cells in the designated group ( n = 6). g Intracellular ATP levels in MHCC97H cells in the designated group ( n = 6). * p < 0.05, ns not significant.

Article Snippet: Primary APOA2 antibody (Proteintech, 16845-1-AP, CHN) was diluted at 1:50, while mouse/rabbit linker (Santa Cruz, sc2357, USA) was diluted at 1:100.

Techniques: Over Expression, Control, Oxidation Assay

Journal: Virology

Article Title: Characterization of apolipoprotein C1 in hepatitis C virus infection and morphogenesis.

doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2018.08.004

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 7. Potentiation of apoC1 knockout on the apoE siRNA-mediated impairment of HCV production. (A) Determination of apolipopro- teins expression in apoC1-/- −13 cell line by Western blot. The levels of apoA1, apoA2, apoC1, apoC2, apoC3, and apoE in the cell ly- sates as well as apoE in the supernatants were determined by Western blotting and are com- pared between parental and apoC1-/- −13 cells. To determine potentiation of apoC1 knockout on the apoE siRNA-mediated im- pairment of HCV production, parental and ApoC1-/- Huh-7.5 cells were transfected with increasing concentrations (2, 10, and 50 nM) of apoE-specific siRNAs with a non-specific con- trol (NSC) siRNA as control. After 48 h p.t., cells were infected with HCV. At 24 h p.i., cell culture supernatants were collected for ex- traction of HCV vRNA, which were quantified by qRT-PCR (B). * indicates statistically sig- nificant difference (P < 0.05). Cell culture supernatants were also used for detection of apoE and re-infection of naïve Huh-7.5 cells (C). ApoE and NS5A in the HCV-infected cells were detected by Western blot using apoE monoclonal antibody WuE4 and NS5A mono- clonal antibody 9E10, respectively.

Article Snippet: ApoA2 (MAB4215) and ApoC2 (AF4497) antibodies were purchased from R&D Systems.

Techniques: Knock-Out, Expressing, Western Blot, Transfection, Control, Infection, Cell Culture, Quantitative RT-PCR

Journal: Frontiers in Endocrinology

Article Title: TMT Based Proteomic Analysis of Human Follicular Fluid From Overweight/Obese and Normal-Weight Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

doi: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00821

Figure Lengend Snippet: List of differentially expressed proteins identified in the follicular fluid from overweight/obese patients with PCOS compared with the controls.

Article Snippet: Concentrations of apolipoprotein A-II (APOA2) (Elabscience, Wuhan, China), complement C5 (C5) (CUSABIO, Wuhan, China), fetuin-B (FETUB) (Abcam, Cambridge, UK), and stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1/CXCL12) (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, USA) in the FF samples were measured using the commercial ELISA kits according to the manufacturer's instructions.

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Endocrinology

Article Title: TMT Based Proteomic Analysis of Human Follicular Fluid From Overweight/Obese and Normal-Weight Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

doi: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00821

Figure Lengend Snippet: Validation of differentially expressed proteins in follicular fluid of overweight/obese PCOS patients, normal-weight PCOS patients and the controls. Graphical results are shown in mean ± SD, * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001. (A) Apolipoprotein A-II (APOA2). (B) Fetuin-B (FETUB). (C) Complement C5 (C5). (D) Stromal cell-derived factor 1 (CXCL12).

Article Snippet: Concentrations of apolipoprotein A-II (APOA2) (Elabscience, Wuhan, China), complement C5 (C5) (CUSABIO, Wuhan, China), fetuin-B (FETUB) (Abcam, Cambridge, UK), and stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1/CXCL12) (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, USA) in the FF samples were measured using the commercial ELISA kits according to the manufacturer's instructions.

Techniques: Derivative Assay

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Treatment With Medicinal Mushroom Extract Mixture Inhibits Translation and Reprograms Metabolism in Advanced Colorectal Cancer Animal Model as Evidenced by Tandem Mass Tags Proteomics Analysis

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01202

Figure Lengend Snippet: List of differentially regulated proteins in AG.1 treated group vs control group. Positive fold-change value denotes up-accumulation and negative fold change value denotes down-accumulation in comparison with control.

Article Snippet: The PVDF membranes (BioRad, USA) were incubated with primary antibodies raised against Rps3 (1:500; rabbit pAb; St John’s Laboratory,UK) and Apoa2 (1:500; rabbit pAb; St John’s Laboratory,UK) at 4°C overnight.

Techniques: Binding Assay

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Treatment With Medicinal Mushroom Extract Mixture Inhibits Translation and Reprograms Metabolism in Advanced Colorectal Cancer Animal Model as Evidenced by Tandem Mass Tags Proteomics Analysis

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01202

Figure Lengend Snippet: List of differentially regulated proteins in AG.1 and 5-FU treated group vs control group. Positive fold-change value denotes up-accumulation and negative fold change value denotes down-accumulation in comparison with control.

Article Snippet: The PVDF membranes (BioRad, USA) were incubated with primary antibodies raised against Rps3 (1:500; rabbit pAb; St John’s Laboratory,UK) and Apoa2 (1:500; rabbit pAb; St John’s Laboratory,UK) at 4°C overnight.

Techniques: Binding Assay, Activity Assay, Chemotaxis Assay, Transduction, RNA Binding Assay, Migration, Conjugation Assay

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Treatment With Medicinal Mushroom Extract Mixture Inhibits Translation and Reprograms Metabolism in Advanced Colorectal Cancer Animal Model as Evidenced by Tandem Mass Tags Proteomics Analysis

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01202

Figure Lengend Snippet: List of differentially regulated proteins in 5-FU treated group vs control group. Positive fold-change value denotes up-accumulation and negative fold change value denotes down-accumulation in comparison with control.

Article Snippet: The PVDF membranes (BioRad, USA) were incubated with primary antibodies raised against Rps3 (1:500; rabbit pAb; St John’s Laboratory,UK) and Apoa2 (1:500; rabbit pAb; St John’s Laboratory,UK) at 4°C overnight.

Techniques: Transduction, Chemotaxis Assay

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Treatment With Medicinal Mushroom Extract Mixture Inhibits Translation and Reprograms Metabolism in Advanced Colorectal Cancer Animal Model as Evidenced by Tandem Mass Tags Proteomics Analysis

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01202

Figure Lengend Snippet: Representative Western blot and summary representation of relative expression of Rps3 and Apoa2 in tumor tissues obtained from control and three treated groups of animals (each group included tumors obtained from three different animals). Results are presented as relative expression values ± SEM between chemiluminescent signals obtained in three replicate experiments. Statistically significant changes (ANOVA, p < 0.05) are marked with an asterisk. C, control group of animals; G1, AG.1; G2, AG.1 and 5-FU; G3, 5-FU.

Article Snippet: The PVDF membranes (BioRad, USA) were incubated with primary antibodies raised against Rps3 (1:500; rabbit pAb; St John’s Laboratory,UK) and Apoa2 (1:500; rabbit pAb; St John’s Laboratory,UK) at 4°C overnight.

Techniques: Western Blot, Expressing