Journal: F1000Research

Article Title: Individuality, phenotypic differentiation, dormancy and ‘persistence’ in culturable bacterial systems: commonalities shared by environmental, laboratory, and clinical microbiology

doi: 10.12688/f1000research.6709.2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Evidence for infectious agents in non-communicable diseases. We purposely largely confine ourselves to bacteria here, but include the occasional parasite, fungus, mycoplasma and virus. While obesity is usually seen as a cause of other diseases, rather than a disease itself, we note the influence of endotoxaemia on obesity 471 – 476 . We note too the extensive evidence for the role of LPS in inflammation 477 – 479 , and the experimental models (e.g. for Parkinson’s 480 ) where it can induce disease directly. We do not much discuss diseases such as Crohn’s disease where the extensive uncertainty over the extent of involvement of mycobacteria (e.g. 481 – 483 ) needs no extra rehearsal (albeit it serves to illustrate the difficulties of identifying the role of hard-to-cultivate bacteria in chronic diseases). Further, while similar phenomena may be observed in a variety of cancers (e.g. 484 – 489 ), for reasons of space we have determined that this must be the subject of a separate work.

Article Snippet: , Vibrio cholerae , Case studies: Blood culture; PASCO and API20E , .

Techniques: Bacteria, Virus, Isolation, Sequencing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Immunofluorescence, Western Blot, Infection, Mouse Assay, Staining, Activity Assay, Hybridization, Immunohistochemistry, Agglutination, Clinical Proteomics, Amplification, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Immunohistofluorescence, Control, Immunolabeling, Biomarker Discovery, Expressing