Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Ventral hippocampus neurons encode meal-related memory

doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-59687-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: a Diagram of viral approach for fiber photometry, adapted from the Brain Maps 4.0 structure of the rat brain . b Representative photomicrograph of viral expression and optic fiber placement in the ventral CA1 relative to the alveus (alv); scale bar 100 μm (representative pattern was observed in all animals used in the analyses, n = 5). c Representative trace of a single animal of the increase in ventral CA1 calcium-dependent activity during the interbout intervals (purple). d Average change in z-score for fluorescence over the course of an eating bout versus an interval ( n = 5 animals)( p = 0.0341). e Foraging-related spatial memory task apparatus (created in BioRender. Kanoski, S. (2025) https://BioRender.com/5vog18n ). f Simple linear regression of the increase during interbout intervals predictive of subsequent performance in a separate foraging-related spatial memory task. g Diagram of the viral approach for 4OHT-inducible expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) in ventral CA1 neurons active in a Fasted or Fed state, adapted from the Brain Maps 4.0 structure of the rat brain . h Timeline for intraperitoneal (ip) injection of 4-hydroxitamoxifen (4OHT) under the Fasted, Fed or Coyote state. i Representative photomicrographs of the pyramidal layer of the ventral CA1 (CA1v(sp)) with GFP + cell bodies from neurons that were active in the Fasted, Fed or Coyote state, relative to the alveus (alv); scare bar 100 μm. j Quantification of ventral CA1 cell bodies labeled with GFP using the TRAP method under the Fasted ( n = 5), Fed ( n = 4) or Coyote ( n = 5) state ( p value for Group = 0.0130; p value for Fasted GFP vs. Fed GFP = 0.0120). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. For Fig. 1d, two-tailed paired t-test ( n = 5). For Fig. 1j, one-way ANOVA, Tukey post hoc * p < 0.05. No symbol indicates lack of significance.

Article Snippet: Rats received bilateral CA1v injection of a 1:1 cocktail of viruses (400 nL/side): [1] a tamoxifen-inducible virus expressing Cre recombinase under the control of a cFos promoter (AAV8-cFos-ERT2-Cre-ERT2-PEST; Stanford Vector Core, Stanford, USA) and [2] a Cre-dependent virus expressing green fluorescent protein (AAV1-pCAG-Flex-eGFP-WPRE; Addgene viral prep #51502-AAV1 gifted by Hongkui Zeng ) or diphteria toxin (AAV2/9-EF1a-mCherry-Flex-dTA; Neurophotonics, Quebec, Canada).

Techniques: Expressing, Activity Assay, Fluorescence, Injection, Labeling, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Ventral hippocampus neurons encode meal-related memory

doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-59687-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: a Diagram of viral approach for 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4OHT)-inducible Cre-dependent expression of diphteria toxin (dTA) (Fasted dTA and Fed dTA ) or green fluorescent protein (Control GFP ) in ventral CA1 neurons active in the Fasted or Fed state, adapted from the Brain Maps 4.0 structure of the rat brain . b Diagram of Barnes maze apparatus for the foraging-related spatial memory task for the Control GFP vs Fasted dTA vs Fed dTA groups (created in BioRender. Kanoski, S. (2025) https://BioRender.com/5vog18n ). c Diagram of Barnes maze apparatus for the escape-based spatial memory task for the Control GFP vs Fed dTA groups (created in BioRender. Kanoski, S. (2025) https://BioRender.com/ani3u4u ). d Average number of errors and e latency to find the food during training for the foraging-related spatial memory task for the Control GFP ( n = 8) vs Fasted dTA ( n = 9) vs Fed dTA ( n = 10) groups. f Performance index during the probe for the foraging-related spatial memory task for the Control GFP ( n = 8) vs Fasted dTA ( n = 9) vs Fed dTA ( n = 10) groups ( p value for Group = 0.0009; p value for Control GFP vs. Fed dTA = 0.0239; p value for Fasted dTA vs. Fed dTA = 0.0011; p value for 1-sample t-test for Control GFP = 0.0023; p value for 1-sample t-test for Fasted dTA < 0.0001; p value for 1-sample t-test for Fed dTA = 0.0009). g Average number of errors and h latency to find the food during training for the foraging-related spatial memory task for the Coyote GFP ( n = 7) vs Coyote dTA ( n = 7) groups. i Performance index during the probe for the foraging-related spatial memory task for the Coyote GFP ( n = 7) vs Coyote dTA ( n = 7) groups ( p value for 1-sample t-test for Coyote GFP = 0.0225; p value for 1-sample t-test for Coyote dTA = 0.0183). j Average number of errors and k latency to find the escape box during training for the escape-based spatial memory task for the Control GFP ( n = 7) vs Fed dTA ( n = 6) groups. l Performance index during the probe for the escape-based spatial memory task for the Fed GFP ( n = 7) vs Fed dTA ( n = 6) groups ( p value for 1-sample t-test for Control GFP < 0.0001; p value for 1-sample t-test for Fed dTA = 0.0020). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. For d , e , g , h and j , k , two-way ANOVA. For f , Kruskal-Wallis, multiple comparisons. For i and l , two-tailed unpaired t-test; * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01. For f , i and l , one-sample t-test, different from chance set at 0.1667; # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01, ### p < 0.005, #### p < 0.001. No symbol indicates lack of significance.

Article Snippet: Rats received bilateral CA1v injection of a 1:1 cocktail of viruses (400 nL/side): [1] a tamoxifen-inducible virus expressing Cre recombinase under the control of a cFos promoter (AAV8-cFos-ERT2-Cre-ERT2-PEST; Stanford Vector Core, Stanford, USA) and [2] a Cre-dependent virus expressing green fluorescent protein (AAV1-pCAG-Flex-eGFP-WPRE; Addgene viral prep #51502-AAV1 gifted by Hongkui Zeng ) or diphteria toxin (AAV2/9-EF1a-mCherry-Flex-dTA; Neurophotonics, Quebec, Canada).

Techniques: Expressing, Control, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Ventral hippocampus neurons encode meal-related memory

doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-59687-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: a Left: Diagram of a coronal section of the nucleus accumbens (ACB), adapted from the Brain Maps 4.0 structure of the rat brain . Middle: Representative photomicrographs of axonal green fluorescent protein (GFP) + expression in the ACB from ventral CA1 neurons active in the Fasted (Fasted GFP )( n = 5) or Fed (Fed GFP )( n = 4) state, relative to the anterior commissure (ac); scale bar 100 μm. Right: Average number of GFP + pixels in the ACB. b Left: Diagram of a coronal section of the lateral septum (LS), adapted from the Brain Maps 4.0 structure of the rat brain . Middle: Representative photomicrographs of axonal GFP + expression in the LS from ventral CA1 neurons active in the Fasted (Fasted GFP )( n = 5) or Fed (Fed GFP )( n = 4) state, relative to the lateral ventricle (lv); scale bar 100 μm. Right: Average number of GFP + pixels in the LS. c Left: Diagram of a coronal section of the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA), adapted from the Brain Maps 4.0 structure of the rat brain . Middle: Representative photomicrographs of axonal GFP + expression in the LHA from ventral CA1 neurons active in the Fasted (Fasted GFP )( n = 5) or Fed (Fed GFP )( n = 4) state, relative to the fornix (fx) and 3rd ventricle (3 v); scale bar 100 μm. Right: Average number of GFP + pixels in the LHA ( p value = 0.0159). d Left: Representative photomicrograph of retrograde GFP viral expression in the LS, relative to the lv; scale bar 200 μm. Right: Representative photomicrograph of retrograde mCherry viral expression in the LHA, relative to the fx; scale bar 200 μm. e Average number of LS (GFP)( n = 4) and LHA (mCherry)( n = 4)-projecting neurons labeled in the CA1v. f Average percentage of CA1v neurons sending axonal projections to both the LS (GFP)( n = 4) and LHA (mCherry)( n = 4). g Average percentage of LS (GFP)( n = 4) and LHA (mCherry)( n = 4)-projecting CA1v neurons expressing cFos in the Fed state ( p value < 0.0001). h Representative photomicrograph of fluorescent in situ hybridization for Fos (cyan) in LS (GFP) and LHA (mCherry)-projecting neurons of the CA1v, relative to the alveus (alv); scale bar 100 μm. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. For a – c and d – g , two-tailed unpaired t-test; * p < 0.05, **** p < 0.0001. No symbol indicates lack of significance.

Article Snippet: Rats received bilateral CA1v injection of a 1:1 cocktail of viruses (400 nL/side): [1] a tamoxifen-inducible virus expressing Cre recombinase under the control of a cFos promoter (AAV8-cFos-ERT2-Cre-ERT2-PEST; Stanford Vector Core, Stanford, USA) and [2] a Cre-dependent virus expressing green fluorescent protein (AAV1-pCAG-Flex-eGFP-WPRE; Addgene viral prep #51502-AAV1 gifted by Hongkui Zeng ) or diphteria toxin (AAV2/9-EF1a-mCherry-Flex-dTA; Neurophotonics, Quebec, Canada).

Techniques: Expressing, Labeling, In Situ Hybridization, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Ventral hippocampus neurons encode meal-related memory

doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-59687-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: a Representative photomicrograph of fluorescent in situ hybridization for Fos (red) and Htr2a (green) in the ventral CA1, relative to the alveus (alv); scale bar 100 μm. b Percentage of ventral CA1 Fos + cells that co-express Htr2a in rats perfused under a Fasted ( n = 3) or Fed state ( n = 4)( p value = 0.0463). c Diagram of approach for ventral CA1 administration of vehicle (VEH) or the 5HT2aR antagonist M100907 (1 g/hemisphere), adapted from the Brain Maps 4.0 structure of the rat brain . d Average number of errors and e latency to find food during the training for the foraging-related spatial memory task for animals assigned to group VEH ( n = 9) or M100907 ( n = 7). f Performance during the probe for the foraging-related spatial memory task, 5 min following ventral CA1 infusion of VEH ( n = 9) or M100907 ( n = 7)(Group comparison p value = 0.0453; p value for 1-sample t-test = 0.0064 for Group VEH). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. For b , f , two-tailed unpaired t-test. For d , e , two-way ANOVA; * p < 0.05. For f , one-sample t-test, different from chance set at 0.1667; ## p < 0.01. No symbol indicates lack of significance.

Article Snippet: Rats received bilateral CA1v injection of a 1:1 cocktail of viruses (400 nL/side): [1] a tamoxifen-inducible virus expressing Cre recombinase under the control of a cFos promoter (AAV8-cFos-ERT2-Cre-ERT2-PEST; Stanford Vector Core, Stanford, USA) and [2] a Cre-dependent virus expressing green fluorescent protein (AAV1-pCAG-Flex-eGFP-WPRE; Addgene viral prep #51502-AAV1 gifted by Hongkui Zeng ) or diphteria toxin (AAV2/9-EF1a-mCherry-Flex-dTA; Neurophotonics, Quebec, Canada).

Techniques: In Situ Hybridization, Comparison, Two Tailed Test

Journal: eLife

Article Title: Oxytocin signaling in the posterior hypothalamus prevents hyperphagic obesity in mice

doi: 10.7554/eLife.75718

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: Recombinant DNA reagent , AAV9- hSyn-Cre , Addgene , RRID: Addgene_105555-AAV9 , .

Techniques: Recombinant, RNAscope, Multiplex Assay, Software