Journal: Bone Research

Article Title: R-spondin-2 is a Wnt agonist that regulates osteoblast activity and bone mass

doi: 10.1038/s41413-018-0026-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: R-spondin-2 null mesenchymal progenitor cells from Footless mutant mice show reduced osteoblastogenesis. a Alizarin red S staining of representative wells from in vitro osteogenesis assay after 10 days. b Overall quantification of Alizarin Red S staining of osteogenesis at 10 days, as shown in a . c Quantification of osteogenesis at 15 days with addition of recombinant hRSPO2 (10 nmol·L -1 ). d Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) staining of similar osteogenesis assay at 5 days. e Relative Runx2 expression after 5 days of osteogenesis in vitro. f Relative Osterix expression after 5 days of osteogenesis in vitro. g Relative Osteocalcin expression after 10 days of osteogenesis in vitro. h Relative bone sialoprotein (BSP) expression after 5 days of osteogenesis in vitro. ( n = 3 cell lines from individual animals, assay performed in triplicate for each cell line (sex of pre-natal pups not determined), * indicates P < 0.05. MM maintenance media, OPM osteopermissive media with β-glycerophosphate and ascorbic acid-2-phosphate, OGM osteogenic media with OPM and 2.5 nmol·L -1 rhBMP-6

Article Snippet: Osteocalcin (Mouse osteocalcin-ELISA kit Cat# LS-F5375 LSBio, USA) and TRAP5b (MouseTRAP™ (TRAcP 5b) ELISA Cat# SB-TR103 IDS, immunodiagnosticsystems, USA) in serum of WT and Ocn-Cre + Rspo2 f/f 3- and 6-month-old mice were quantified using commercially available kits.

Techniques: Mutagenesis, Staining, In Vitro, Recombinant, Expressing

Journal: Cell Reports Medicine

Article Title: β-sitosterol reduces anxiety and synergizes with established anxiolytic drugs in mice

doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100281

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparison of the anxiolytic activities of plant sterols (A) Chemical structures of β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol, brassicasterol, and fucosterol. All phytosterols were diluted in corn oil (vehicle) and administered intraperitoneally at a final dosage of 100 mg/kg, 1 h before evaluation of anxiolytic effects in the open-field test. The bottom panel depicts group heatmap representations of mouse activity over 10 min of open-field exploration. (B and C) β-sitosterol was the only compound tested that caused a significant increase in the distance traveled (B) and the number of visits in the open-field center (C) compared to vehicle-treated mice. Vehicle, n = 32; β-sitosterol, n = 10; stigmasterol, n = 5; campesterol, n = 10; brassicasterol, n = 5; fucosterol, n = 5. The effect of the different sterols on the OF center exploration was analyzed by a 1-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple-comparisons test with the vehicle group as control. ∗∗∗p < 0.0001, mean ± SEM. See also Figure S1 .

Article Snippet: The following plant sterols were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich: β-sitosterol (Cat#S1270), stigmasterol (Cat#S2424), brassicasterol (Cat#B4936), and fucosterol (Cat#F5379).

Techniques: Activity Assay

Journal: Cell Reports Medicine

Article Title: β-sitosterol reduces anxiety and synergizes with established anxiolytic drugs in mice

doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100281

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: The following plant sterols were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich: β-sitosterol (Cat#S1270), stigmasterol (Cat#S2424), brassicasterol (Cat#B4936), and fucosterol (Cat#F5379).

Techniques: Recombinant, RNA Extraction, Expressing, Next-Generation Sequencing, Software