Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Genetic variation associated with increased lambda-cyhalothrin resistance in Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in West Africa

doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-99196-1

Figure Lengend Snippet: Agarose gel electrophoresis showing PCR products (891 F-COI/C1303R-COI and JM76/JM77) digested with the restriction enzymes EcoRV and MspI, respectively, used for the identification of Spodoptera frugiperda host plant strains in field samples collected from Benin, Togo, Niger and Mali. M: molecular weight markers. [1–7] The PCR products amplified with the primers 891 F_COI and c1303R_COI (Table S3) did not contain an EcoRV-specific site, and the PCR products amplified with the JM76 and JM77 primers (Table S3) contained the FastDigest MspI-specific site. The C-strain was uncut with EcoRV and cut with MspI using the following primers (891 F_COI and c1303R_COI and JM76 and JM77). [8–18] The above PCR product after digestion contained a specific EcoRV site that was amplified using the 891 F_COI and c1303R_COI primers (Table S3) and was below the products obtained after digestion with FastDigest MspI (no specific site). The R-strain was cut with EcoRV and uncut with MspI using the following primers (891 F_COI and c1303R_COI and JM76 and JM77). 1 = FOuiMaD2; 2 = FAthMaD3; 3 = FGamMaD5; 4 = FMadMaA9; 5 = FAveMaA1; 6 = FAdkMaA6; 7 = FMalMaA2; 8 = FGpOiD7; 9 = FAgbMaD2; 10 = FAgaMaD17; 11 = FAthSoD15; 12 = FKouRiD1; 13 = FGpoOiD18; 14 = FAdkMaD9; 15 = FAmoMaD14; 16 = FDjiMaA11; 17 = FDjiMaD7; 18 = FMadMaA16.

Article Snippet: The PCR products were visualized on an automated gel electrophoresis system according to the manufacturer’s instructions (E-BOX, Vilber Lourmat, Italy), purified using an enzymatic method (ExoSAP; Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA) and directly sequenced on both strands.

Techniques: Agarose Gel Electrophoresis, Molecular Weight, Amplification