Journal: World Journal of Diabetes

Article Title: Aucubin mitigates the elevation of microglial aerobic glycolysis and inflammation in diabetic neuropathic pain via aldose reductase

doi: 10.4239/wjd.v16.i5.103915

Figure Lengend Snippet: The potential target proteins of aucubin on the diabetic neuropathic pain. A: Venn diagram showing the potential target genes for aucubin in treating diabetic neuropathic pain; B: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis of the potential target genes; C-E: Molecular docking between the target 3 proteins (MMP2, MMP9, and AKR1B1) and aucubin (Auc) conducted using Auto Dock Tool 1.5.7; F: mRNA levels of MMP9, MMP2, and AKR1B1 in mice after streptozotocin (STZ) and Auc treatment. ( n = 6); G: Representative bands of Western blot for MMP2 and AKR1B1 in mice after STZ and Auc treatment; H: Quantitative analysis of the relative expression of MMP2 and AKR1B1 ( n = 3). Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. a P < 0.05, b P < 0.01 CON + vehicle (Veh) vs STZ + Veh; c P < 0.05, d P < 0.01 STZ +Veh vs STZ + Auc. CON: Control; STZ: Streptozotocin; Auc: Aucubin; Veh: Vehicle.

Article Snippet: Membranes were blocked with 5% nonfat milk in PBST for 1 hour at room temperature, followed by overnight incubation at 4 °C with primary antibodies: Tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α; 1:1000, ABclonal China, A11534); interleukin (IL)-1β (1:1000, ABclonal, A16288); IL-6 (1:1000, ABclonal, A2447); AKR1B1 (1:1000, ABclonal, A13944); MMP2 (1:1000, ABclonal, A6247); and β-actin (1:3000, ABclonal, AC026).

Techniques: Western Blot, Expressing, Control

Journal: World Journal of Diabetes

Article Title: Aucubin mitigates the elevation of microglial aerobic glycolysis and inflammation in diabetic neuropathic pain via aldose reductase

doi: 10.4239/wjd.v16.i5.103915

Figure Lengend Snippet: Aucubin fails to restore aerobic glycolysis and inflammation in the context of AKR1B1 deficiency. A: The expression level of AKR1B1 after transfecting AKR1B1 shRNA lentivirus. The quantitative analysis of the relative expression of AKR1B1 below. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM ( n = 4); B: The mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine; C-F: The experimental program of extracellular acidification rate (C and D) and the oxygen consumption rate (E and F) of BV-2 measured by Seahorse XFe96 Extracellular Flux Analyzer. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM ( n = 6). a P < 0.01, b P < 0.05, high glucose vs high glucose + aucubin. NS: No significance; Auc: Aucubin; 2-DG: 2-deoxy-d-glucose; ECAR: Extracellular acidification rate; OCR: Oxygen consumption rate.

Article Snippet: Membranes were blocked with 5% nonfat milk in PBST for 1 hour at room temperature, followed by overnight incubation at 4 °C with primary antibodies: Tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α; 1:1000, ABclonal China, A11534); interleukin (IL)-1β (1:1000, ABclonal, A16288); IL-6 (1:1000, ABclonal, A2447); AKR1B1 (1:1000, ABclonal, A13944); MMP2 (1:1000, ABclonal, A6247); and β-actin (1:3000, ABclonal, AC026).

Techniques: Expressing, shRNA