50050 Search Results


non small cell lung cancer 100  (ATCC)
94
ATCC non small cell lung cancer 100
Non Small Cell Lung Cancer 100, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/non small cell lung cancer 100/product/ATCC
Average 94 stars, based on 1 article reviews
non small cell lung cancer 100 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-02
94/100 stars
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sterile double distilled water  (Biotium)
92
Biotium sterile double distilled water
Sterile Double Distilled Water, supplied by Biotium, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 92/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/sterile double distilled water/product/Biotium
Average 92 stars, based on 1 article reviews
sterile double distilled water - by Bioz Stars, 2026-02
92/100 stars
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optogenetic inhibition  (Addgene inc)
93
Addgene inc optogenetic inhibition
a , Schematic of <t>optogenetic</t> activation of auditory cortical projecting cholinergic BF neurons during behavior. Auditory cortical projecting cholinergic BF neurons were targeted using a retrograde Cre-dependent channelrhodopsin injected into auditory cortex of ChAT-Cre mice. ChAT+ BF activation was applied in the same blockwise fashion as previously described for 500 ms at 30 Hz centered around the tones. b , Optogenetic activation of ChAT+ BF neurons during behavior gradually improved performance over days (N=5 mice). c , Days to maximum performance per animal after initiation of optogenetic pairing during behavior (9.8±3.0 days, mean±s.d.). d , Performance over all stimuli improves after optogenetic pairing. Percent correct on day with maximum performance (±1 day) of VNS pairing across all frequencies (light blue; 73.2±2.6%, mean±s.e.m., N=5) in comparison to the behavior three days prior to VNS (black; 66.1 ±2.6%, p=0.03, Student’s two-tailed paired t-test). e , Percent reported center at each frequency relative to center stimulus on the three days prior to optogenetic pairing onset (black) and behavior on day of maximum performance (± 1 day; light blue, N=5 mice). f , Mean error rates were significantly higher prior to optogenetic pairing onset relative to maximum performance at frequencies ±0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 octaves from center frequency (difference in error rate at 0 octaves/center: −0.4±2.2%, p=0.45, Student’s one-tailed paired t-test; difference in error rate at ±0.25 octaves from center: −0.1±1.8%, p=0.49; difference in error rate at ± 0.5 octaves: −15.1±3.2%, p=0.01; difference in error rate at ±1 octaves: −17.0± 4.4%, p=0.03; difference in error rate at ±1.5 octaves: −15.4±2.2%, p=0.004). g , Schematic of VNS and optogenetic <t>inhibition</t> of cholinergic BF neurons during behavior. VNS was applied in the same blockwise fashion as previously described. Cholinergic BF neurons were optogenetically inhibited using a Cre-dependent Archaerhodopsin and green light (565 nm) for the entire duration of VNS during behavior (500 ms). h , Optogenetic inhibition of ChAT+ BF neurons during VNS during behavior abolishes improved performance (N=7 mice). i , Performance did not improve after optogenetic inhibition during VNS. Percent correct on day 11-13 of optogenetic inhibition during VNS (mean day of maximum improvement in VNS paired animals; yellow; 61.6±2.1%, mean±s.e.m., N=7) in comparison to the behavior three days prior to VNS (black; 62.7±2.2%, p=0.43, Student’s two-tailed paired t-test). j , Percent reported center at each frequency relative to center stimulus on the three days prior to start of optogenetic inhibition with VNS pairing onset (black) and behavior on day of 11-13 (yellow, N=7 mice). k , Mean error rates were not significantly different prior to optogenetic inhibition during VNS pairing onset (difference in error rate at 0 octaves/center: −6.7±4.3%, p=0.24, Student’s one-tailed paired t-test; difference in error rate at ±0.25 octaves from center: −7.0±3.3%, p=0.13; difference in error rate at ± 0.5 octaves: −6.1±3.2%, p=0.16; difference in error rate at ±1 octaves: −0.6± 4.1%, p=0.90; difference in error rate at ±1.5 octaves: −2.2±2.4%, p=0.48). l , Performance at frequencies ±0.25 and ±0.5 from center did not improve after optogenetic inhibition during VNS. Percent correct on day 11-13 of optogenetic inhibition during VNS (mean day of maximum improvement in VNS paired animals; yellow; 37.8±7.0%, mean±s.e.m., N=7) in comparison to the behavior three days prior to VNS (black; 31.1±6.7%, p=0.11, Student’s two-tailed paired t-test).
Optogenetic Inhibition, supplied by Addgene inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/optogenetic inhibition/product/Addgene inc
Average 93 stars, based on 1 article reviews
optogenetic inhibition - by Bioz Stars, 2026-02
93/100 stars
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e cloacae 117029 256  (ATCC)
91
ATCC e cloacae 117029 256
a , Schematic of <t>optogenetic</t> activation of auditory cortical projecting cholinergic BF neurons during behavior. Auditory cortical projecting cholinergic BF neurons were targeted using a retrograde Cre-dependent channelrhodopsin injected into auditory cortex of ChAT-Cre mice. ChAT+ BF activation was applied in the same blockwise fashion as previously described for 500 ms at 30 Hz centered around the tones. b , Optogenetic activation of ChAT+ BF neurons during behavior gradually improved performance over days (N=5 mice). c , Days to maximum performance per animal after initiation of optogenetic pairing during behavior (9.8±3.0 days, mean±s.d.). d , Performance over all stimuli improves after optogenetic pairing. Percent correct on day with maximum performance (±1 day) of VNS pairing across all frequencies (light blue; 73.2±2.6%, mean±s.e.m., N=5) in comparison to the behavior three days prior to VNS (black; 66.1 ±2.6%, p=0.03, Student’s two-tailed paired t-test). e , Percent reported center at each frequency relative to center stimulus on the three days prior to optogenetic pairing onset (black) and behavior on day of maximum performance (± 1 day; light blue, N=5 mice). f , Mean error rates were significantly higher prior to optogenetic pairing onset relative to maximum performance at frequencies ±0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 octaves from center frequency (difference in error rate at 0 octaves/center: −0.4±2.2%, p=0.45, Student’s one-tailed paired t-test; difference in error rate at ±0.25 octaves from center: −0.1±1.8%, p=0.49; difference in error rate at ± 0.5 octaves: −15.1±3.2%, p=0.01; difference in error rate at ±1 octaves: −17.0± 4.4%, p=0.03; difference in error rate at ±1.5 octaves: −15.4±2.2%, p=0.004). g , Schematic of VNS and optogenetic <t>inhibition</t> of cholinergic BF neurons during behavior. VNS was applied in the same blockwise fashion as previously described. Cholinergic BF neurons were optogenetically inhibited using a Cre-dependent Archaerhodopsin and green light (565 nm) for the entire duration of VNS during behavior (500 ms). h , Optogenetic inhibition of ChAT+ BF neurons during VNS during behavior abolishes improved performance (N=7 mice). i , Performance did not improve after optogenetic inhibition during VNS. Percent correct on day 11-13 of optogenetic inhibition during VNS (mean day of maximum improvement in VNS paired animals; yellow; 61.6±2.1%, mean±s.e.m., N=7) in comparison to the behavior three days prior to VNS (black; 62.7±2.2%, p=0.43, Student’s two-tailed paired t-test). j , Percent reported center at each frequency relative to center stimulus on the three days prior to start of optogenetic inhibition with VNS pairing onset (black) and behavior on day of 11-13 (yellow, N=7 mice). k , Mean error rates were not significantly different prior to optogenetic inhibition during VNS pairing onset (difference in error rate at 0 octaves/center: −6.7±4.3%, p=0.24, Student’s one-tailed paired t-test; difference in error rate at ±0.25 octaves from center: −7.0±3.3%, p=0.13; difference in error rate at ± 0.5 octaves: −6.1±3.2%, p=0.16; difference in error rate at ±1 octaves: −0.6± 4.1%, p=0.90; difference in error rate at ±1.5 octaves: −2.2±2.4%, p=0.48). l , Performance at frequencies ±0.25 and ±0.5 from center did not improve after optogenetic inhibition during VNS. Percent correct on day 11-13 of optogenetic inhibition during VNS (mean day of maximum improvement in VNS paired animals; yellow; 37.8±7.0%, mean±s.e.m., N=7) in comparison to the behavior three days prior to VNS (black; 31.1±6.7%, p=0.11, Student’s two-tailed paired t-test).
E Cloacae 117029 256, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 91/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/e cloacae 117029 256/product/ATCC
Average 91 stars, based on 1 article reviews
e cloacae 117029 256 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-02
91/100 stars
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mesh tissue strainer pluriselect #43-50050-01  (pluriSelect Life Science UG Co KG)
90
pluriSelect Life Science UG Co KG mesh tissue strainer pluriselect #43-50050-01
a , Schematic of <t>optogenetic</t> activation of auditory cortical projecting cholinergic BF neurons during behavior. Auditory cortical projecting cholinergic BF neurons were targeted using a retrograde Cre-dependent channelrhodopsin injected into auditory cortex of ChAT-Cre mice. ChAT+ BF activation was applied in the same blockwise fashion as previously described for 500 ms at 30 Hz centered around the tones. b , Optogenetic activation of ChAT+ BF neurons during behavior gradually improved performance over days (N=5 mice). c , Days to maximum performance per animal after initiation of optogenetic pairing during behavior (9.8±3.0 days, mean±s.d.). d , Performance over all stimuli improves after optogenetic pairing. Percent correct on day with maximum performance (±1 day) of VNS pairing across all frequencies (light blue; 73.2±2.6%, mean±s.e.m., N=5) in comparison to the behavior three days prior to VNS (black; 66.1 ±2.6%, p=0.03, Student’s two-tailed paired t-test). e , Percent reported center at each frequency relative to center stimulus on the three days prior to optogenetic pairing onset (black) and behavior on day of maximum performance (± 1 day; light blue, N=5 mice). f , Mean error rates were significantly higher prior to optogenetic pairing onset relative to maximum performance at frequencies ±0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 octaves from center frequency (difference in error rate at 0 octaves/center: −0.4±2.2%, p=0.45, Student’s one-tailed paired t-test; difference in error rate at ±0.25 octaves from center: −0.1±1.8%, p=0.49; difference in error rate at ± 0.5 octaves: −15.1±3.2%, p=0.01; difference in error rate at ±1 octaves: −17.0± 4.4%, p=0.03; difference in error rate at ±1.5 octaves: −15.4±2.2%, p=0.004). g , Schematic of VNS and optogenetic <t>inhibition</t> of cholinergic BF neurons during behavior. VNS was applied in the same blockwise fashion as previously described. Cholinergic BF neurons were optogenetically inhibited using a Cre-dependent Archaerhodopsin and green light (565 nm) for the entire duration of VNS during behavior (500 ms). h , Optogenetic inhibition of ChAT+ BF neurons during VNS during behavior abolishes improved performance (N=7 mice). i , Performance did not improve after optogenetic inhibition during VNS. Percent correct on day 11-13 of optogenetic inhibition during VNS (mean day of maximum improvement in VNS paired animals; yellow; 61.6±2.1%, mean±s.e.m., N=7) in comparison to the behavior three days prior to VNS (black; 62.7±2.2%, p=0.43, Student’s two-tailed paired t-test). j , Percent reported center at each frequency relative to center stimulus on the three days prior to start of optogenetic inhibition with VNS pairing onset (black) and behavior on day of 11-13 (yellow, N=7 mice). k , Mean error rates were not significantly different prior to optogenetic inhibition during VNS pairing onset (difference in error rate at 0 octaves/center: −6.7±4.3%, p=0.24, Student’s one-tailed paired t-test; difference in error rate at ±0.25 octaves from center: −7.0±3.3%, p=0.13; difference in error rate at ± 0.5 octaves: −6.1±3.2%, p=0.16; difference in error rate at ±1 octaves: −0.6± 4.1%, p=0.90; difference in error rate at ±1.5 octaves: −2.2±2.4%, p=0.48). l , Performance at frequencies ±0.25 and ±0.5 from center did not improve after optogenetic inhibition during VNS. Percent correct on day 11-13 of optogenetic inhibition during VNS (mean day of maximum improvement in VNS paired animals; yellow; 37.8±7.0%, mean±s.e.m., N=7) in comparison to the behavior three days prior to VNS (black; 31.1±6.7%, p=0.11, Student’s two-tailed paired t-test).
Mesh Tissue Strainer Pluriselect #43 50050 01, supplied by pluriSelect Life Science UG Co KG, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/mesh tissue strainer pluriselect #43-50050-01/product/pluriSelect Life Science UG Co KG
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
mesh tissue strainer pluriselect #43-50050-01 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-02
90/100 stars
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curved injection needle model 16-50050  (Xomed Surgical Products)
90
Xomed Surgical Products curved injection needle model 16-50050
a , Schematic of <t>optogenetic</t> activation of auditory cortical projecting cholinergic BF neurons during behavior. Auditory cortical projecting cholinergic BF neurons were targeted using a retrograde Cre-dependent channelrhodopsin injected into auditory cortex of ChAT-Cre mice. ChAT+ BF activation was applied in the same blockwise fashion as previously described for 500 ms at 30 Hz centered around the tones. b , Optogenetic activation of ChAT+ BF neurons during behavior gradually improved performance over days (N=5 mice). c , Days to maximum performance per animal after initiation of optogenetic pairing during behavior (9.8±3.0 days, mean±s.d.). d , Performance over all stimuli improves after optogenetic pairing. Percent correct on day with maximum performance (±1 day) of VNS pairing across all frequencies (light blue; 73.2±2.6%, mean±s.e.m., N=5) in comparison to the behavior three days prior to VNS (black; 66.1 ±2.6%, p=0.03, Student’s two-tailed paired t-test). e , Percent reported center at each frequency relative to center stimulus on the three days prior to optogenetic pairing onset (black) and behavior on day of maximum performance (± 1 day; light blue, N=5 mice). f , Mean error rates were significantly higher prior to optogenetic pairing onset relative to maximum performance at frequencies ±0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 octaves from center frequency (difference in error rate at 0 octaves/center: −0.4±2.2%, p=0.45, Student’s one-tailed paired t-test; difference in error rate at ±0.25 octaves from center: −0.1±1.8%, p=0.49; difference in error rate at ± 0.5 octaves: −15.1±3.2%, p=0.01; difference in error rate at ±1 octaves: −17.0± 4.4%, p=0.03; difference in error rate at ±1.5 octaves: −15.4±2.2%, p=0.004). g , Schematic of VNS and optogenetic <t>inhibition</t> of cholinergic BF neurons during behavior. VNS was applied in the same blockwise fashion as previously described. Cholinergic BF neurons were optogenetically inhibited using a Cre-dependent Archaerhodopsin and green light (565 nm) for the entire duration of VNS during behavior (500 ms). h , Optogenetic inhibition of ChAT+ BF neurons during VNS during behavior abolishes improved performance (N=7 mice). i , Performance did not improve after optogenetic inhibition during VNS. Percent correct on day 11-13 of optogenetic inhibition during VNS (mean day of maximum improvement in VNS paired animals; yellow; 61.6±2.1%, mean±s.e.m., N=7) in comparison to the behavior three days prior to VNS (black; 62.7±2.2%, p=0.43, Student’s two-tailed paired t-test). j , Percent reported center at each frequency relative to center stimulus on the three days prior to start of optogenetic inhibition with VNS pairing onset (black) and behavior on day of 11-13 (yellow, N=7 mice). k , Mean error rates were not significantly different prior to optogenetic inhibition during VNS pairing onset (difference in error rate at 0 octaves/center: −6.7±4.3%, p=0.24, Student’s one-tailed paired t-test; difference in error rate at ±0.25 octaves from center: −7.0±3.3%, p=0.13; difference in error rate at ± 0.5 octaves: −6.1±3.2%, p=0.16; difference in error rate at ±1 octaves: −0.6± 4.1%, p=0.90; difference in error rate at ±1.5 octaves: −2.2±2.4%, p=0.48). l , Performance at frequencies ±0.25 and ±0.5 from center did not improve after optogenetic inhibition during VNS. Percent correct on day 11-13 of optogenetic inhibition during VNS (mean day of maximum improvement in VNS paired animals; yellow; 37.8±7.0%, mean±s.e.m., N=7) in comparison to the behavior three days prior to VNS (black; 31.1±6.7%, p=0.11, Student’s two-tailed paired t-test).
Curved Injection Needle Model 16 50050, supplied by Xomed Surgical Products, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/curved injection needle model 16-50050/product/Xomed Surgical Products
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
curved injection needle model 16-50050 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-02
90/100 stars
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valve diaphragms 50040 and 50050  (Micropump Inc)
90
Micropump Inc valve diaphragms 50040 and 50050
a , Schematic of <t>optogenetic</t> activation of auditory cortical projecting cholinergic BF neurons during behavior. Auditory cortical projecting cholinergic BF neurons were targeted using a retrograde Cre-dependent channelrhodopsin injected into auditory cortex of ChAT-Cre mice. ChAT+ BF activation was applied in the same blockwise fashion as previously described for 500 ms at 30 Hz centered around the tones. b , Optogenetic activation of ChAT+ BF neurons during behavior gradually improved performance over days (N=5 mice). c , Days to maximum performance per animal after initiation of optogenetic pairing during behavior (9.8±3.0 days, mean±s.d.). d , Performance over all stimuli improves after optogenetic pairing. Percent correct on day with maximum performance (±1 day) of VNS pairing across all frequencies (light blue; 73.2±2.6%, mean±s.e.m., N=5) in comparison to the behavior three days prior to VNS (black; 66.1 ±2.6%, p=0.03, Student’s two-tailed paired t-test). e , Percent reported center at each frequency relative to center stimulus on the three days prior to optogenetic pairing onset (black) and behavior on day of maximum performance (± 1 day; light blue, N=5 mice). f , Mean error rates were significantly higher prior to optogenetic pairing onset relative to maximum performance at frequencies ±0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 octaves from center frequency (difference in error rate at 0 octaves/center: −0.4±2.2%, p=0.45, Student’s one-tailed paired t-test; difference in error rate at ±0.25 octaves from center: −0.1±1.8%, p=0.49; difference in error rate at ± 0.5 octaves: −15.1±3.2%, p=0.01; difference in error rate at ±1 octaves: −17.0± 4.4%, p=0.03; difference in error rate at ±1.5 octaves: −15.4±2.2%, p=0.004). g , Schematic of VNS and optogenetic <t>inhibition</t> of cholinergic BF neurons during behavior. VNS was applied in the same blockwise fashion as previously described. Cholinergic BF neurons were optogenetically inhibited using a Cre-dependent Archaerhodopsin and green light (565 nm) for the entire duration of VNS during behavior (500 ms). h , Optogenetic inhibition of ChAT+ BF neurons during VNS during behavior abolishes improved performance (N=7 mice). i , Performance did not improve after optogenetic inhibition during VNS. Percent correct on day 11-13 of optogenetic inhibition during VNS (mean day of maximum improvement in VNS paired animals; yellow; 61.6±2.1%, mean±s.e.m., N=7) in comparison to the behavior three days prior to VNS (black; 62.7±2.2%, p=0.43, Student’s two-tailed paired t-test). j , Percent reported center at each frequency relative to center stimulus on the three days prior to start of optogenetic inhibition with VNS pairing onset (black) and behavior on day of 11-13 (yellow, N=7 mice). k , Mean error rates were not significantly different prior to optogenetic inhibition during VNS pairing onset (difference in error rate at 0 octaves/center: −6.7±4.3%, p=0.24, Student’s one-tailed paired t-test; difference in error rate at ±0.25 octaves from center: −7.0±3.3%, p=0.13; difference in error rate at ± 0.5 octaves: −6.1±3.2%, p=0.16; difference in error rate at ±1 octaves: −0.6± 4.1%, p=0.90; difference in error rate at ±1.5 octaves: −2.2±2.4%, p=0.48). l , Performance at frequencies ±0.25 and ±0.5 from center did not improve after optogenetic inhibition during VNS. Percent correct on day 11-13 of optogenetic inhibition during VNS (mean day of maximum improvement in VNS paired animals; yellow; 37.8±7.0%, mean±s.e.m., N=7) in comparison to the behavior three days prior to VNS (black; 31.1±6.7%, p=0.11, Student’s two-tailed paired t-test).
Valve Diaphragms 50040 And 50050, supplied by Micropump Inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/valve diaphragms 50040 and 50050/product/Micropump Inc
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
valve diaphragms 50040 and 50050 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-02
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living culture cfcc 50050  (Datong Coal Mine Group Co Ltd)
90
Datong Coal Mine Group Co Ltd living culture cfcc 50050
a , Schematic of <t>optogenetic</t> activation of auditory cortical projecting cholinergic BF neurons during behavior. Auditory cortical projecting cholinergic BF neurons were targeted using a retrograde Cre-dependent channelrhodopsin injected into auditory cortex of ChAT-Cre mice. ChAT+ BF activation was applied in the same blockwise fashion as previously described for 500 ms at 30 Hz centered around the tones. b , Optogenetic activation of ChAT+ BF neurons during behavior gradually improved performance over days (N=5 mice). c , Days to maximum performance per animal after initiation of optogenetic pairing during behavior (9.8±3.0 days, mean±s.d.). d , Performance over all stimuli improves after optogenetic pairing. Percent correct on day with maximum performance (±1 day) of VNS pairing across all frequencies (light blue; 73.2±2.6%, mean±s.e.m., N=5) in comparison to the behavior three days prior to VNS (black; 66.1 ±2.6%, p=0.03, Student’s two-tailed paired t-test). e , Percent reported center at each frequency relative to center stimulus on the three days prior to optogenetic pairing onset (black) and behavior on day of maximum performance (± 1 day; light blue, N=5 mice). f , Mean error rates were significantly higher prior to optogenetic pairing onset relative to maximum performance at frequencies ±0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 octaves from center frequency (difference in error rate at 0 octaves/center: −0.4±2.2%, p=0.45, Student’s one-tailed paired t-test; difference in error rate at ±0.25 octaves from center: −0.1±1.8%, p=0.49; difference in error rate at ± 0.5 octaves: −15.1±3.2%, p=0.01; difference in error rate at ±1 octaves: −17.0± 4.4%, p=0.03; difference in error rate at ±1.5 octaves: −15.4±2.2%, p=0.004). g , Schematic of VNS and optogenetic <t>inhibition</t> of cholinergic BF neurons during behavior. VNS was applied in the same blockwise fashion as previously described. Cholinergic BF neurons were optogenetically inhibited using a Cre-dependent Archaerhodopsin and green light (565 nm) for the entire duration of VNS during behavior (500 ms). h , Optogenetic inhibition of ChAT+ BF neurons during VNS during behavior abolishes improved performance (N=7 mice). i , Performance did not improve after optogenetic inhibition during VNS. Percent correct on day 11-13 of optogenetic inhibition during VNS (mean day of maximum improvement in VNS paired animals; yellow; 61.6±2.1%, mean±s.e.m., N=7) in comparison to the behavior three days prior to VNS (black; 62.7±2.2%, p=0.43, Student’s two-tailed paired t-test). j , Percent reported center at each frequency relative to center stimulus on the three days prior to start of optogenetic inhibition with VNS pairing onset (black) and behavior on day of 11-13 (yellow, N=7 mice). k , Mean error rates were not significantly different prior to optogenetic inhibition during VNS pairing onset (difference in error rate at 0 octaves/center: −6.7±4.3%, p=0.24, Student’s one-tailed paired t-test; difference in error rate at ±0.25 octaves from center: −7.0±3.3%, p=0.13; difference in error rate at ± 0.5 octaves: −6.1±3.2%, p=0.16; difference in error rate at ±1 octaves: −0.6± 4.1%, p=0.90; difference in error rate at ±1.5 octaves: −2.2±2.4%, p=0.48). l , Performance at frequencies ±0.25 and ±0.5 from center did not improve after optogenetic inhibition during VNS. Percent correct on day 11-13 of optogenetic inhibition during VNS (mean day of maximum improvement in VNS paired animals; yellow; 37.8±7.0%, mean±s.e.m., N=7) in comparison to the behavior three days prior to VNS (black; 31.1±6.7%, p=0.11, Student’s two-tailed paired t-test).
Living Culture Cfcc 50050, supplied by Datong Coal Mine Group Co Ltd, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/living culture cfcc 50050/product/Datong Coal Mine Group Co Ltd
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
living culture cfcc 50050 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-02
90/100 stars
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klebsiella pneumoniaea  (ATCC)
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ATCC klebsiella pneumoniaea
a , Schematic of <t>optogenetic</t> activation of auditory cortical projecting cholinergic BF neurons during behavior. Auditory cortical projecting cholinergic BF neurons were targeted using a retrograde Cre-dependent channelrhodopsin injected into auditory cortex of ChAT-Cre mice. ChAT+ BF activation was applied in the same blockwise fashion as previously described for 500 ms at 30 Hz centered around the tones. b , Optogenetic activation of ChAT+ BF neurons during behavior gradually improved performance over days (N=5 mice). c , Days to maximum performance per animal after initiation of optogenetic pairing during behavior (9.8±3.0 days, mean±s.d.). d , Performance over all stimuli improves after optogenetic pairing. Percent correct on day with maximum performance (±1 day) of VNS pairing across all frequencies (light blue; 73.2±2.6%, mean±s.e.m., N=5) in comparison to the behavior three days prior to VNS (black; 66.1 ±2.6%, p=0.03, Student’s two-tailed paired t-test). e , Percent reported center at each frequency relative to center stimulus on the three days prior to optogenetic pairing onset (black) and behavior on day of maximum performance (± 1 day; light blue, N=5 mice). f , Mean error rates were significantly higher prior to optogenetic pairing onset relative to maximum performance at frequencies ±0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 octaves from center frequency (difference in error rate at 0 octaves/center: −0.4±2.2%, p=0.45, Student’s one-tailed paired t-test; difference in error rate at ±0.25 octaves from center: −0.1±1.8%, p=0.49; difference in error rate at ± 0.5 octaves: −15.1±3.2%, p=0.01; difference in error rate at ±1 octaves: −17.0± 4.4%, p=0.03; difference in error rate at ±1.5 octaves: −15.4±2.2%, p=0.004). g , Schematic of VNS and optogenetic <t>inhibition</t> of cholinergic BF neurons during behavior. VNS was applied in the same blockwise fashion as previously described. Cholinergic BF neurons were optogenetically inhibited using a Cre-dependent Archaerhodopsin and green light (565 nm) for the entire duration of VNS during behavior (500 ms). h , Optogenetic inhibition of ChAT+ BF neurons during VNS during behavior abolishes improved performance (N=7 mice). i , Performance did not improve after optogenetic inhibition during VNS. Percent correct on day 11-13 of optogenetic inhibition during VNS (mean day of maximum improvement in VNS paired animals; yellow; 61.6±2.1%, mean±s.e.m., N=7) in comparison to the behavior three days prior to VNS (black; 62.7±2.2%, p=0.43, Student’s two-tailed paired t-test). j , Percent reported center at each frequency relative to center stimulus on the three days prior to start of optogenetic inhibition with VNS pairing onset (black) and behavior on day of 11-13 (yellow, N=7 mice). k , Mean error rates were not significantly different prior to optogenetic inhibition during VNS pairing onset (difference in error rate at 0 octaves/center: −6.7±4.3%, p=0.24, Student’s one-tailed paired t-test; difference in error rate at ±0.25 octaves from center: −7.0±3.3%, p=0.13; difference in error rate at ± 0.5 octaves: −6.1±3.2%, p=0.16; difference in error rate at ±1 octaves: −0.6± 4.1%, p=0.90; difference in error rate at ±1.5 octaves: −2.2±2.4%, p=0.48). l , Performance at frequencies ±0.25 and ±0.5 from center did not improve after optogenetic inhibition during VNS. Percent correct on day 11-13 of optogenetic inhibition during VNS (mean day of maximum improvement in VNS paired animals; yellow; 37.8±7.0%, mean±s.e.m., N=7) in comparison to the behavior three days prior to VNS (black; 31.1±6.7%, p=0.11, Student’s two-tailed paired t-test).
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a , Schematic of <t>optogenetic</t> activation of auditory cortical projecting cholinergic BF neurons during behavior. Auditory cortical projecting cholinergic BF neurons were targeted using a retrograde Cre-dependent channelrhodopsin injected into auditory cortex of ChAT-Cre mice. ChAT+ BF activation was applied in the same blockwise fashion as previously described for 500 ms at 30 Hz centered around the tones. b , Optogenetic activation of ChAT+ BF neurons during behavior gradually improved performance over days (N=5 mice). c , Days to maximum performance per animal after initiation of optogenetic pairing during behavior (9.8±3.0 days, mean±s.d.). d , Performance over all stimuli improves after optogenetic pairing. Percent correct on day with maximum performance (±1 day) of VNS pairing across all frequencies (light blue; 73.2±2.6%, mean±s.e.m., N=5) in comparison to the behavior three days prior to VNS (black; 66.1 ±2.6%, p=0.03, Student’s two-tailed paired t-test). e , Percent reported center at each frequency relative to center stimulus on the three days prior to optogenetic pairing onset (black) and behavior on day of maximum performance (± 1 day; light blue, N=5 mice). f , Mean error rates were significantly higher prior to optogenetic pairing onset relative to maximum performance at frequencies ±0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 octaves from center frequency (difference in error rate at 0 octaves/center: −0.4±2.2%, p=0.45, Student’s one-tailed paired t-test; difference in error rate at ±0.25 octaves from center: −0.1±1.8%, p=0.49; difference in error rate at ± 0.5 octaves: −15.1±3.2%, p=0.01; difference in error rate at ±1 octaves: −17.0± 4.4%, p=0.03; difference in error rate at ±1.5 octaves: −15.4±2.2%, p=0.004). g , Schematic of VNS and optogenetic <t>inhibition</t> of cholinergic BF neurons during behavior. VNS was applied in the same blockwise fashion as previously described. Cholinergic BF neurons were optogenetically inhibited using a Cre-dependent Archaerhodopsin and green light (565 nm) for the entire duration of VNS during behavior (500 ms). h , Optogenetic inhibition of ChAT+ BF neurons during VNS during behavior abolishes improved performance (N=7 mice). i , Performance did not improve after optogenetic inhibition during VNS. Percent correct on day 11-13 of optogenetic inhibition during VNS (mean day of maximum improvement in VNS paired animals; yellow; 61.6±2.1%, mean±s.e.m., N=7) in comparison to the behavior three days prior to VNS (black; 62.7±2.2%, p=0.43, Student’s two-tailed paired t-test). j , Percent reported center at each frequency relative to center stimulus on the three days prior to start of optogenetic inhibition with VNS pairing onset (black) and behavior on day of 11-13 (yellow, N=7 mice). k , Mean error rates were not significantly different prior to optogenetic inhibition during VNS pairing onset (difference in error rate at 0 octaves/center: −6.7±4.3%, p=0.24, Student’s one-tailed paired t-test; difference in error rate at ±0.25 octaves from center: −7.0±3.3%, p=0.13; difference in error rate at ± 0.5 octaves: −6.1±3.2%, p=0.16; difference in error rate at ±1 octaves: −0.6± 4.1%, p=0.90; difference in error rate at ±1.5 octaves: −2.2±2.4%, p=0.48). l , Performance at frequencies ±0.25 and ±0.5 from center did not improve after optogenetic inhibition during VNS. Percent correct on day 11-13 of optogenetic inhibition during VNS (mean day of maximum improvement in VNS paired animals; yellow; 37.8±7.0%, mean±s.e.m., N=7) in comparison to the behavior three days prior to VNS (black; 31.1±6.7%, p=0.11, Student’s two-tailed paired t-test).
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a , Schematic of <t>optogenetic</t> activation of auditory cortical projecting cholinergic BF neurons during behavior. Auditory cortical projecting cholinergic BF neurons were targeted using a retrograde Cre-dependent channelrhodopsin injected into auditory cortex of ChAT-Cre mice. ChAT+ BF activation was applied in the same blockwise fashion as previously described for 500 ms at 30 Hz centered around the tones. b , Optogenetic activation of ChAT+ BF neurons during behavior gradually improved performance over days (N=5 mice). c , Days to maximum performance per animal after initiation of optogenetic pairing during behavior (9.8±3.0 days, mean±s.d.). d , Performance over all stimuli improves after optogenetic pairing. Percent correct on day with maximum performance (±1 day) of VNS pairing across all frequencies (light blue; 73.2±2.6%, mean±s.e.m., N=5) in comparison to the behavior three days prior to VNS (black; 66.1 ±2.6%, p=0.03, Student’s two-tailed paired t-test). e , Percent reported center at each frequency relative to center stimulus on the three days prior to optogenetic pairing onset (black) and behavior on day of maximum performance (± 1 day; light blue, N=5 mice). f , Mean error rates were significantly higher prior to optogenetic pairing onset relative to maximum performance at frequencies ±0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 octaves from center frequency (difference in error rate at 0 octaves/center: −0.4±2.2%, p=0.45, Student’s one-tailed paired t-test; difference in error rate at ±0.25 octaves from center: −0.1±1.8%, p=0.49; difference in error rate at ± 0.5 octaves: −15.1±3.2%, p=0.01; difference in error rate at ±1 octaves: −17.0± 4.4%, p=0.03; difference in error rate at ±1.5 octaves: −15.4±2.2%, p=0.004). g , Schematic of VNS and optogenetic <t>inhibition</t> of cholinergic BF neurons during behavior. VNS was applied in the same blockwise fashion as previously described. Cholinergic BF neurons were optogenetically inhibited using a Cre-dependent Archaerhodopsin and green light (565 nm) for the entire duration of VNS during behavior (500 ms). h , Optogenetic inhibition of ChAT+ BF neurons during VNS during behavior abolishes improved performance (N=7 mice). i , Performance did not improve after optogenetic inhibition during VNS. Percent correct on day 11-13 of optogenetic inhibition during VNS (mean day of maximum improvement in VNS paired animals; yellow; 61.6±2.1%, mean±s.e.m., N=7) in comparison to the behavior three days prior to VNS (black; 62.7±2.2%, p=0.43, Student’s two-tailed paired t-test). j , Percent reported center at each frequency relative to center stimulus on the three days prior to start of optogenetic inhibition with VNS pairing onset (black) and behavior on day of 11-13 (yellow, N=7 mice). k , Mean error rates were not significantly different prior to optogenetic inhibition during VNS pairing onset (difference in error rate at 0 octaves/center: −6.7±4.3%, p=0.24, Student’s one-tailed paired t-test; difference in error rate at ±0.25 octaves from center: −7.0±3.3%, p=0.13; difference in error rate at ± 0.5 octaves: −6.1±3.2%, p=0.16; difference in error rate at ±1 octaves: −0.6± 4.1%, p=0.90; difference in error rate at ±1.5 octaves: −2.2±2.4%, p=0.48). l , Performance at frequencies ±0.25 and ±0.5 from center did not improve after optogenetic inhibition during VNS. Percent correct on day 11-13 of optogenetic inhibition during VNS (mean day of maximum improvement in VNS paired animals; yellow; 37.8±7.0%, mean±s.e.m., N=7) in comparison to the behavior three days prior to VNS (black; 31.1±6.7%, p=0.11, Student’s two-tailed paired t-test).
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a , Schematic of optogenetic activation of auditory cortical projecting cholinergic BF neurons during behavior. Auditory cortical projecting cholinergic BF neurons were targeted using a retrograde Cre-dependent channelrhodopsin injected into auditory cortex of ChAT-Cre mice. ChAT+ BF activation was applied in the same blockwise fashion as previously described for 500 ms at 30 Hz centered around the tones. b , Optogenetic activation of ChAT+ BF neurons during behavior gradually improved performance over days (N=5 mice). c , Days to maximum performance per animal after initiation of optogenetic pairing during behavior (9.8±3.0 days, mean±s.d.). d , Performance over all stimuli improves after optogenetic pairing. Percent correct on day with maximum performance (±1 day) of VNS pairing across all frequencies (light blue; 73.2±2.6%, mean±s.e.m., N=5) in comparison to the behavior three days prior to VNS (black; 66.1 ±2.6%, p=0.03, Student’s two-tailed paired t-test). e , Percent reported center at each frequency relative to center stimulus on the three days prior to optogenetic pairing onset (black) and behavior on day of maximum performance (± 1 day; light blue, N=5 mice). f , Mean error rates were significantly higher prior to optogenetic pairing onset relative to maximum performance at frequencies ±0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 octaves from center frequency (difference in error rate at 0 octaves/center: −0.4±2.2%, p=0.45, Student’s one-tailed paired t-test; difference in error rate at ±0.25 octaves from center: −0.1±1.8%, p=0.49; difference in error rate at ± 0.5 octaves: −15.1±3.2%, p=0.01; difference in error rate at ±1 octaves: −17.0± 4.4%, p=0.03; difference in error rate at ±1.5 octaves: −15.4±2.2%, p=0.004). g , Schematic of VNS and optogenetic inhibition of cholinergic BF neurons during behavior. VNS was applied in the same blockwise fashion as previously described. Cholinergic BF neurons were optogenetically inhibited using a Cre-dependent Archaerhodopsin and green light (565 nm) for the entire duration of VNS during behavior (500 ms). h , Optogenetic inhibition of ChAT+ BF neurons during VNS during behavior abolishes improved performance (N=7 mice). i , Performance did not improve after optogenetic inhibition during VNS. Percent correct on day 11-13 of optogenetic inhibition during VNS (mean day of maximum improvement in VNS paired animals; yellow; 61.6±2.1%, mean±s.e.m., N=7) in comparison to the behavior three days prior to VNS (black; 62.7±2.2%, p=0.43, Student’s two-tailed paired t-test). j , Percent reported center at each frequency relative to center stimulus on the three days prior to start of optogenetic inhibition with VNS pairing onset (black) and behavior on day of 11-13 (yellow, N=7 mice). k , Mean error rates were not significantly different prior to optogenetic inhibition during VNS pairing onset (difference in error rate at 0 octaves/center: −6.7±4.3%, p=0.24, Student’s one-tailed paired t-test; difference in error rate at ±0.25 octaves from center: −7.0±3.3%, p=0.13; difference in error rate at ± 0.5 octaves: −6.1±3.2%, p=0.16; difference in error rate at ±1 octaves: −0.6± 4.1%, p=0.90; difference in error rate at ±1.5 octaves: −2.2±2.4%, p=0.48). l , Performance at frequencies ±0.25 and ±0.5 from center did not improve after optogenetic inhibition during VNS. Percent correct on day 11-13 of optogenetic inhibition during VNS (mean day of maximum improvement in VNS paired animals; yellow; 37.8±7.0%, mean±s.e.m., N=7) in comparison to the behavior three days prior to VNS (black; 31.1±6.7%, p=0.11, Student’s two-tailed paired t-test).

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Vagus nerve stimulation recruits the central cholinergic system to enhance perceptual learning

doi: 10.1101/2022.01.28.478197

Figure Lengend Snippet: a , Schematic of optogenetic activation of auditory cortical projecting cholinergic BF neurons during behavior. Auditory cortical projecting cholinergic BF neurons were targeted using a retrograde Cre-dependent channelrhodopsin injected into auditory cortex of ChAT-Cre mice. ChAT+ BF activation was applied in the same blockwise fashion as previously described for 500 ms at 30 Hz centered around the tones. b , Optogenetic activation of ChAT+ BF neurons during behavior gradually improved performance over days (N=5 mice). c , Days to maximum performance per animal after initiation of optogenetic pairing during behavior (9.8±3.0 days, mean±s.d.). d , Performance over all stimuli improves after optogenetic pairing. Percent correct on day with maximum performance (±1 day) of VNS pairing across all frequencies (light blue; 73.2±2.6%, mean±s.e.m., N=5) in comparison to the behavior three days prior to VNS (black; 66.1 ±2.6%, p=0.03, Student’s two-tailed paired t-test). e , Percent reported center at each frequency relative to center stimulus on the three days prior to optogenetic pairing onset (black) and behavior on day of maximum performance (± 1 day; light blue, N=5 mice). f , Mean error rates were significantly higher prior to optogenetic pairing onset relative to maximum performance at frequencies ±0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 octaves from center frequency (difference in error rate at 0 octaves/center: −0.4±2.2%, p=0.45, Student’s one-tailed paired t-test; difference in error rate at ±0.25 octaves from center: −0.1±1.8%, p=0.49; difference in error rate at ± 0.5 octaves: −15.1±3.2%, p=0.01; difference in error rate at ±1 octaves: −17.0± 4.4%, p=0.03; difference in error rate at ±1.5 octaves: −15.4±2.2%, p=0.004). g , Schematic of VNS and optogenetic inhibition of cholinergic BF neurons during behavior. VNS was applied in the same blockwise fashion as previously described. Cholinergic BF neurons were optogenetically inhibited using a Cre-dependent Archaerhodopsin and green light (565 nm) for the entire duration of VNS during behavior (500 ms). h , Optogenetic inhibition of ChAT+ BF neurons during VNS during behavior abolishes improved performance (N=7 mice). i , Performance did not improve after optogenetic inhibition during VNS. Percent correct on day 11-13 of optogenetic inhibition during VNS (mean day of maximum improvement in VNS paired animals; yellow; 61.6±2.1%, mean±s.e.m., N=7) in comparison to the behavior three days prior to VNS (black; 62.7±2.2%, p=0.43, Student’s two-tailed paired t-test). j , Percent reported center at each frequency relative to center stimulus on the three days prior to start of optogenetic inhibition with VNS pairing onset (black) and behavior on day of 11-13 (yellow, N=7 mice). k , Mean error rates were not significantly different prior to optogenetic inhibition during VNS pairing onset (difference in error rate at 0 octaves/center: −6.7±4.3%, p=0.24, Student’s one-tailed paired t-test; difference in error rate at ±0.25 octaves from center: −7.0±3.3%, p=0.13; difference in error rate at ± 0.5 octaves: −6.1±3.2%, p=0.16; difference in error rate at ±1 octaves: −0.6± 4.1%, p=0.90; difference in error rate at ±1.5 octaves: −2.2±2.4%, p=0.48). l , Performance at frequencies ±0.25 and ±0.5 from center did not improve after optogenetic inhibition during VNS. Percent correct on day 11-13 of optogenetic inhibition during VNS (mean day of maximum improvement in VNS paired animals; yellow; 37.8±7.0%, mean±s.e.m., N=7) in comparison to the behavior three days prior to VNS (black; 31.1±6.7%, p=0.11, Student’s two-tailed paired t-test).

Article Snippet: For optogenetic inhibition, 0.50 μ L of AAV5.FLEX.ArchT.tdTomato (diluted 1:2 with dPBS; Addgene number: 28305) was injected in basal forebrain of ChAT-Cre animals using the coordinates described above.

Techniques: Activation Assay, Injection, Comparison, Two Tailed Test, One-tailed Test, Inhibition