Journal: iScience

Article Title: C1q is essential for myelination in the central nervous system (CNS)

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108518

Figure Lengend Snippet: Microglia secretomes are required for myelin sheath formation in vitro (A) Immunofluorescence staining of axons (green) and myelin (red) in the spinal cord (SC) tissue cultures and neural stem cells (NSCs) differentiation cultures. Cells were stained with antibodies to pNF-H (green), PLP (red) and Hoechst (blue) after 4 weeks of culturing. Overlapping areas of green signals and red signals were analyzed, indicating myelinated axons (IV and IV’). (B) Quantification of myelin coverage ratio in the SC culture system and the NSC culture system (n = 8 different cultures). Myelin coverage ratio = overlapping area/axonal area × 100%. Student’s t test. T = 18.32. (C) Immunofluorescence staining of neural stem cells (nestin) and microglia (Iba1) in the NSC culture. (D)Immunofluorescence staining of axons and myelin in NSC cultures treated with vehicle (control) or microglia-conditioned medium (MCM). (E) Quantification of myelin coverage ratio NSC cultures treated with vehicle or MCM (n = 3 different cultures). Student’s t test. T = 10.04. Scale bars represent 20 μm in all images. All values are presented as mean ± s.d. in the graph. ∗∗p < 0.01.

Article Snippet: The samples were incubated with one of the following primary antibodies: anti-Iba1antibody (1:1000, Abcam Cat# ab 178847, RRID: AB_2832244 ), anti-Nestin antibody (1:1000, Santa Cruz Biotechnology Cat# sc-33677, RRID: AB_627995 ), pNF-H antibody (1:500, Santa Cruz Biotechnology Cat# sc-32730, RRID: AB_670160 ), anti-PLP antibody (1:500, Santa Cruz Biotechnology Cat# sc-23570, RRID: AB_2165797 ), anti-C1q antibody (1:500, Abcam Cat# ab 182451, RRID: AB_2732849 ), anti-MBP antibody (1:1000, Santa Cruz Biotechnology Cat# sc-13914, RRID: AB_648798 ).

Techniques: In Vitro, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Control

Journal: iScience

Article Title: C1q is essential for myelination in the central nervous system (CNS)

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108518

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: The samples were incubated with one of the following primary antibodies: anti-Iba1antibody (1:1000, Abcam Cat# ab 178847, RRID: AB_2832244 ), anti-Nestin antibody (1:1000, Santa Cruz Biotechnology Cat# sc-33677, RRID: AB_627995 ), pNF-H antibody (1:500, Santa Cruz Biotechnology Cat# sc-32730, RRID: AB_670160 ), anti-PLP antibody (1:500, Santa Cruz Biotechnology Cat# sc-23570, RRID: AB_2165797 ), anti-C1q antibody (1:500, Abcam Cat# ab 182451, RRID: AB_2732849 ), anti-MBP antibody (1:1000, Santa Cruz Biotechnology Cat# sc-13914, RRID: AB_648798 ).

Techniques: Recombinant, Bicinchoninic Acid Protein Assay, Software

Journal: Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences

Article Title: Hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of Spondias mombin leaf and stem extracts against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity

doi: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2018.03.006

Figure Lengend Snippet: Phytochemical constituents of Spondias mombin leaf and stem Extracts.

Article Snippet: The plant was identified and authenticated by Dr. Oladele Adekunle, a Taxonomist at the Forestry Department, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria, where specimens of SML (20015) and SMS (20016) were deposited.

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences

Article Title: Hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of Spondias mombin leaf and stem extracts against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity

doi: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2018.03.006

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of the different treatments on biochemical markers of hepatotoxicity.

Article Snippet: The plant was identified and authenticated by Dr. Oladele Adekunle, a Taxonomist at the Forestry Department, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria, where specimens of SML (20015) and SMS (20016) were deposited.

Techniques: Control

Journal: Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences

Article Title: Hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of Spondias mombin leaf and stem extracts against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity

doi: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2018.03.006

Figure Lengend Snippet: Photomicrographs of H&E-stained liver sections, magnification ×400. A : micrograph of liver tissue specimen from rats administered 0.2 mL/kg distilled water showing normal liver histology with prominent hepatocytes, normal hepatic artery, portal tract, and blood vessels. B : micrograph of liver tissue specimen from rats intoxicated with CCl 4 showing marked distortion of hepatocytes morphology with areas of complete necrosis, which demonstrates the hepatotoxic effect of CCl 4 at the concentration and route of administration used. C : micrograph of liver tissue specimen from rats pretreated with 500 mg/kg SML extract prior to CCl 4 intoxication showing prominent microvesicles with degenerating lipid cells (lipoid necrosis), which reveals incomplete resolution of CCl 4 -induced hepatic injury by this dose of SML. D : micrograph of liver tissue specimen from rats pretreated with 1000 mg/kg SML extract prior to CCl 4 intoxication showing areas of fibrosis and localized mild necrosis, which indicates the hepatoprotective effect of SML extract at this dose. E : micrograph of liver tissue specimen from rats pretreated with 500 mg/kg SMS extract prior to CCl 4 intoxication showing microvesicles and hepatocytes with hyperchromatic nuclei, which indicates inadequate hepatoprotection provided by this dose of SMS. F : micrograph of liver tissue specimen from rats pretreated with 1000 mg/kg SMS extract prior to CCl 4 intoxication showing infiltration of inflammatory cells, mostly neutrophils, along the portal tract and abundant mitotic bodies, which indicates cellular regeneration and hepatoprotection provided by this dose of SMS. G : micrograph of liver tissue specimen from rats pretreated with the standard drug silymarin (100 mg/kg) prior to CCl 4 intoxication showing localized inflammatory reaction and areas of fibrosis with admixed mitotic bodies, which indicates healing by fibrosis and hepatoprotective effect of silymarin.

Article Snippet: The plant was identified and authenticated by Dr. Oladele Adekunle, a Taxonomist at the Forestry Department, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria, where specimens of SML (20015) and SMS (20016) were deposited.

Techniques: Staining, Concentration Assay

Journal: Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences

Article Title: Hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of Spondias mombin leaf and stem extracts against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity

doi: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2018.03.006

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effect of CCl 4 intoxication and pretreatment with Spondias mombin leaf and stem extracts on oxidative stress markers. Levels of GSH, CAT, SOD, and TBARS were measured in homogenized liver samples. Results of the positive control (CCl 4 -intoxicated) group are compared to those of the negative control group (receiving water only), and results of the SML, SMS, and silymarin-treated groups are compared to those of the positive control group. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001. GSH: reduced glutathione; CAT: catalase; SOD: superoxide dismutase; TBARS: thiobarbituric acid reactive substances.

Article Snippet: The plant was identified and authenticated by Dr. Oladele Adekunle, a Taxonomist at the Forestry Department, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria, where specimens of SML (20015) and SMS (20016) were deposited.

Techniques: Positive Control, Negative Control