Journal: Cell Discovery

Article Title: ASB7 promotes osteosarcoma lung metastasis through ubiquitin-mediated degradation of ATF2

doi: 10.1038/s41421-026-00890-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: a The relative copy number, mRNA expression of ASB7 and cell line count of each tumor type were plotted using 25Q2 DepMap cancer cell line data. b RNA-seq analysis of ASB7 mRNA levels in normal ( n = 4) and osteosarcoma ( n = 16) tissues. c Kaplan-Meier survival curves comparing osteosarcoma patients with low versus high ASB7 protein expression (low, n = 19; high, n = 19). The cutoff value for distinguishing the low- and high-expression groups was defined as the median IHC score obtained from the HALO system. The corresponding P value from the log-rank test is shown. d , e , h 143B cells stably expressing doxycycline-inducible ASB7 overexpression were treated with or without 0.5 μg/mL doxycycline for 24 h. After that, the cells were subjected to western blotting to verify the upregulation of ASB7 expression ( d ), immunofluorescence staining with Actin-Tracker ( e ), and migration and invasion assays ( n = 3 independent experiments) ( h ). f The percentage of cells with protrusions was quantified in 143B cells overexpressing ASB7. Cells exhibiting finger-like filopodia (marked by asterisks) or fan-/wave-like lamellipodia (indicated by arrowheads), as shown in e , were scored as positive. g GO analysis of genes upregulated in 143B cells overexpressing ASB7. i – l Luciferase-expressing 143B cells with a doxycycline-inducible ASB7 overexpression system were injected into mouse tibiae. After that, the mice were fed either a control diet or a diet containing 0.065% doxycycline. Lung metastases were assessed by IVIS imaging ( i ) and quantitative bioluminescence analysis ( j ). Lung tissue sections were subjected to H&E staining ( k ), and metastatic foci were quantified ( l ). n = 5 mice per group. m – q 143B cells expressing sgRNAs of either non-target control or ASB7 were subjected to western blotting to detect the expression of ASB7 ( m ), immunofluorescence staining with Actin-Tracker ( n ), a quantification of cells with finger-like or fan-/wave-like protrusions ( o ), migratory and invasive assays ( n = 3 independent experiments) ( p ), and an MTT assay ( n = 3 independent experiments) ( q ). r – u Mice implanted with 143B cells expressing both luciferase and sgRNAs targeting either non-target control or ASB7 were analyzed by bioluminescence imaging, IVIS images are shown ( r ), and the data are plotted ( s ). Lung sections from these mice were analyzed by H&E staining ( t ), and the quantification of metastatic foci ( u ) is plotted. n = 5 mice per group. Data are shown as the mean ± S.D. P values were derived from unpaired two-tailed Student’s t -test for the data in b , f , h , j , l , o , p , s , u and from two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test for the data in q .

Article Snippet: The human cell lines 143B and HEK293T were purchased from ATCC.

Techniques: Expressing, RNA Sequencing, Stable Transfection, Over Expression, Western Blot, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Migration, Luciferase, Injection, Control, Imaging, MTT Assay, Derivative Assay, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Cell Discovery

Article Title: ASB7 promotes osteosarcoma lung metastasis through ubiquitin-mediated degradation of ATF2

doi: 10.1038/s41421-026-00890-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: a The normalized protein levels of ASB7 and ATF2 across unbiased re-classified tumor subtypes were plotted using data from the UALCAN database , . Pearson’s correlation coefficient ( r ) was calculated to assess the relationship between ASB7 and ATF2 protein levels across tumor subtypes. b Representative images of immunohistochemical staining of ASB7 and ATF2 in osteosarcoma tissues. c A contingency table was constructed to display the stratification of 38 osteosarcoma cases based on high or low expression of ASB7 and ATF2, in which the dichotomization was determined by the median IHC score obtained from the HALO system. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to quantify the association, while Pearson’s chi-square test was used to determine the corresponding χ 2 statistic and P value. d Kaplan-Meier survival analysis of osteosarcoma patients based on ATF2 protein expression level (low, n = 19; high, n = 19). The P value from the log-rank test is shown, with the high and low-expression groups dichotomized by the median IHC score obtained from the HALO system. e – j 143B cells expressing vector or ATF2 were subjected to western blotting ( e ), Actin-Tracker staining ( f ), quantification of cells exhibiting finger-like or fan-/wave-like protrusions ( g ), cell migration and invasion assays ( n = 3 independent experiments) ( i ), and MTT assays ( n = 3 independent experiments) ( j ). h GO analysis of genes upregulated in 143B cells in which ATF2 was knocked down by siRNAs. k , l In vivo fluorescence imaging and the corresponding quantitative analysis ( k ), H&E staining and the corresponding quantitative analysis ( l ) of mice bearing orthotopic 143B cells expressing luciferase together with either vector or ATF2 ( n = 5 mice per group). m – q In 143B cells expressing sgRNAs targeting either non-target control or ATF2, western blotting ( m ), Actin-Tracker staining ( n ), quantification of cells with finger-like or fan-/wave-like protrusions ( o ), cell migration and invasion assays ( n = 3 independent experiments) ( p ), and MTT assays ( n = 3 independent experiments) ( q ) were performed. r, s In mice bearing orthotopic 143B cells expressing luciferase together with sgRNAs targeting non-target control or ATF2, in vivo fluorescence imaging ( r ), H&E staining ( s ) of lung sections and the corresponding quantitative analyses were performed ( n = 5 mice per group). Data are shown as the mean ± S.D. P values were derived from unpaired two-tailed Student’s t -test for the data in g , i , k , l , o , p , r , s ; from two-way ANOVA followed by Sidak’s test for the data in j ; or from two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test for the data in q .

Article Snippet: The human cell lines 143B and HEK293T were purchased from ATCC.

Techniques: Immunohistochemical staining, Staining, Construct, Expressing, Plasmid Preparation, Western Blot, Migration, In Vivo, Fluorescence, Imaging, Luciferase, Control, Derivative Assay, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Cell Discovery

Article Title: ASB7 promotes osteosarcoma lung metastasis through ubiquitin-mediated degradation of ATF2

doi: 10.1038/s41421-026-00890-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: a , b ATF2 protein levels were analyzed by western blotting in 143B cells with ASB7 overexpression ( a ) or knockout ( b ). c Western blotting analysis of ATF2 protein levels in 143B cells treated with MG132 (10 μM, 6 h), MLN4924 (1 μM, 12 h), or bafilomycin A1 (200 nM, 6 h). d – g Western blotting analysis of ATF2 protein levels at the indicated times following CHX (40 μg/mL) treatment in 143B cells with ASB7 overexpression ( d ) or knockout ( f ). Panels e and g show the corresponding quantitative data from these experiments. n = 3 independent experiments. h HEK293T cells were co-transfected with the indicated constructs for 24 h and treated with 10 μM MG132 for another 6 h. After that, the cells were lysed and subjected to immunoprecipitation using anti-Flag or anti-V5 beads. i HEK293T cells were co-transfected with the indicated constructs for 24 h and subsequently treated with MG132 (10 μM, 6 h). After that, the cells were subjected to a Ni-NTA pull-down assay to examine the exogenous ubiquitination of ATF2. j , k Endogenous ubiquitination of ATF2 was evaluated by Ni-NTA pull-down assay in 143B cells with ASB7 overexpression ( j ) or knockout ( k ) following transfection with His-Ub and treatment with 10 μM MG132 for 6 h. l Ubiquitination analysis of ATF2 mutants. HEK293T cells were co-transfected with the indicated constructs, treated with MG132 (10 μM, 6 h), and subjected to a Ni-NTA pull-down assay to assess ATF2 ubiquitination levels. Data are shown as the mean ± S.D. P values were derived from two-way ANOVA followed by Sidak’s multiple comparisons test, as shown in ( e ), or two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test, as shown in g .

Article Snippet: The human cell lines 143B and HEK293T were purchased from ATCC.

Techniques: Western Blot, Over Expression, Knock-Out, Transfection, Construct, Immunoprecipitation, Pull Down Assay, Ubiquitin Proteomics, Derivative Assay

Journal: Cell Discovery

Article Title: ASB7 promotes osteosarcoma lung metastasis through ubiquitin-mediated degradation of ATF2

doi: 10.1038/s41421-026-00890-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: a GO analysis of genes upregulated in both 143B cells with ASB7 overexpression and those with ATF2 knockdown by siRNAs. b – e 143B cells expressing doxycycline-induced ASB7 together with either vector or ATF2 were subjected to western blotting ( b ), Actin-Tracker staining ( c ), quantification of cells with finger-like or fan-/wave-like protrusions ( d ), and migration and invasion assays ( e ). n = 3 independent experiments. f – i In mice bearing orthotopic 143B-Luc cells expressing doxycycline-induced ASB7 together with either vector or ATF2, in vivo lung fluorescence images ( f ) and H&E staining of lung sections ( h ) are shown, along with the corresponding quantitative analyses in g , i , respectively. n = 5 mice per group. Data are shown as the mean ± S.D. Statistical significance in d , e , g , i was assessed by an unpaired two-tailed Student’s t -test.

Article Snippet: The human cell lines 143B and HEK293T were purchased from ATCC.

Techniques: Over Expression, Knockdown, Expressing, Plasmid Preparation, Western Blot, Staining, Migration, In Vivo, Fluorescence, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Cell Discovery

Article Title: ASB7 promotes osteosarcoma lung metastasis through ubiquitin-mediated degradation of ATF2

doi: 10.1038/s41421-026-00890-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: a The ATF2 peak enrichment scores and expression fold changes for migration-related genes upregulated upon ASB7 overexpression were plotted. The dashed red line indicates the ideal distribution of genes that are both strongly bound by ATF2 and upregulated upon ASB7 overexpression. b Pearson’s correlation coefficients ( r ) and the corresponding P values of ATF2 and ITGB2 expression across tumor types were plotted using TCGA transcriptomic data from the GEPIA database. c Schematic of the ITGB2 promoter region (top) and the subsequent ChIP-qPCR assay used to identify the site enriched in ATF2 in 143B cells. d – k ITGB2 protein levels were analyzed by western blotting in 143B cells with ASB7 overexpression ( d ), ASB7 knockout ( f ), ATF2 overexpression ( h ), and ATF2 knockout ( j ), respectively. ITGB2 mRNA levels were analyzed by qRT-PCR in 143B cells with ASB7 overexpression ( e ), ASB7 knockout ( g ), ATF2 overexpression ( i ), and ATF2 knockout ( k ), respectively. l – p 143B cells expressing vector or ITGB2 were analyzed using western blotting ( l ) and Actin-Tracker staining ( m ). The proportion of cells with finger-like or fan-/wave-like protrusion morphology was quantified ( n ). Additionally, cell migration and invasion assays ( o ) and MTT assays ( p ) were performed. q – u 143B cells expressing sgRNAs targeting either non-target control or ITGB2 were subjected to western blotting ( q ), Actin-Tracker staining ( r ), quantification of cells with finger-like or fan-/wave-like protrusions ( s ), cell migration and invasion assays ( t ), and MTT assays ( u ). The data are shown as the mean ± S.D. from three independent experiments. P values were derived from unpaired two-tailed Student’s t -test for the data in c , e , g , i , k , n , o , s , t and from two-way ANOVA followed by either Sidak’s or Tukey’s multiple comparisons tests for the data in p , u , respectively.

Article Snippet: The human cell lines 143B and HEK293T were purchased from ATCC.

Techniques: Expressing, Migration, Over Expression, ChIP-qPCR, Western Blot, Knock-Out, Quantitative RT-PCR, Plasmid Preparation, Staining, Control, Derivative Assay, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Cell Discovery

Article Title: ASB7 promotes osteosarcoma lung metastasis through ubiquitin-mediated degradation of ATF2

doi: 10.1038/s41421-026-00890-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: a HEK293T cells were co-transfected with V5-ATF2 and Flag-HDACs, and the interaction between ATF2 and HDACs was assessed by immunoprecipitation with anti-Flag beads. b qRT-PCR analysis of ITGB2 mRNA levels in 143B cells after knockdown of HDAC3, HDAC6, or HDAC10. c qRT-PCR analysis of ITGB2 mRNA levels in 143B cells with the indicated constructs. d Co-immunoprecipitation analysis of the endogenous interaction between HDAC6 and ATF2 in 143B cells. e , f 143B cells stably expressing vector or HDAC6 were analyzed by western blotting ( e ) and cell migration and invasion assays ( n = 3 independent experiments) ( f ). g , h 143B cells expressing shRNAs targeting either non-target control or HDAC6 were subjected to western blotting ( g ) and cell migration and invasion assays ( n = 3 independent experiments) ( h ). i Heatmaps showing the genome-wide distributions of ATF2 ChIP-seq signals (ENCODE) and HDAC6 CUT&Tag signals across gene bodies with ± 3.0 kb flanking regions. j Heatmaps showing the distributions of ATF2 ChIP-seq signals (ENCODE) and HDAC6 CUT&Tag signals centered on the TSSs of ATF2-bound promoters associated with migration-related genes. The signals are plotted ± 3.5 kb around the TSS. k , l ChIP-qPCR analysis of HDAC6 enrichment at the ITGB2 promoter in 143B cells with ATF2 overexpression ( k ) or knockout ( l ). m Model of the ASB7-ATF2/HDAC6-ITGB2 axis in osteosarcoma. ATF2 recruits HDAC6 to transcriptionally repress ITGB2 and inhibit cell movement, while ASB7-mediated ATF2 degradation relieves this repression, activating ITGB2 expression and inducing protrusion formation to drive metastasis. The data are shown as the mean ± S.D. from three independent experiments. P values were derived from unpaired two-tailed Student’s t -test, as shown in b , c , f , h , k , l .

Article Snippet: The human cell lines 143B and HEK293T were purchased from ATCC.

Techniques: Transfection, Immunoprecipitation, Quantitative RT-PCR, Knockdown, Construct, Stable Transfection, Expressing, Plasmid Preparation, Western Blot, Migration, Control, Genome Wide, ChIP-sequencing, ChIP-qPCR, Over Expression, Knock-Out, Derivative Assay, Two Tailed Test

Journal: BMC Genomics

Article Title: miR-486-5p expression is regulated by DNA methylation in osteosarcoma

doi: 10.1186/s12864-022-08346-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: miR-486-5p expression and methylation in osteosarcoma cell lines and patient samples. A . miR-486-5p expression level in normal bone ( n = 6), cell lines ( n = 17) and patient samples ( n = 9) using qRT-PCR. The expression level was quantified for the groups of samples. The values are shown relative to mean expression of bone. B . DNA methylation and miRNA expression levels in normal bone samples ( n = 4) and osteosarcoma cell lines ( n = 19) using arrays. The expression level of miRNAs (log2) and DNA methylation level (Beta, probe cg00176210) were obtained using Agilent miRNA array v2 and Illumina Infinium Methylation27 BeadChip technology, respectively. Values are given as mean (SD) with whiskers from min to max. P -values * < 0.01 and ** < 0.0001

Article Snippet: A panel of human osteosarcoma cell lines ( n = 21) composed of 143B, CAL-72, G-292, HAL, HOS, IOR/MOS, IOR/OS9, IOR/OS10, IOR/OS14, IOR/OS15, IOR/OS18, IOR/SARG, KPD, MG-63, MHM, MNNG/HOS, OHS, OSA, Saos-2, U-2 OS and ZK-58 were obtained from ATCC ( www.lgcstandards-atcc.org ), DSMZ ( http://www.dsmz.de/ ) or research partners in the EU funded EuroBoNeT project [ ].

Techniques: Expressing, Methylation, Quantitative RT-PCR, DNA Methylation Assay

Journal: BMC Genomics

Article Title: miR-486-5p expression is regulated by DNA methylation in osteosarcoma

doi: 10.1186/s12864-022-08346-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: Expression and correlation of miR-486-5p and hsa-mir-486-1 (pri-mir486) in osteosarcoma cell lines upon 5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine treatment. Relative expression level A. miR-485-5p and B. pri-mir486 after 72 h of 5-Aza treatment . The values are shown relative to treated cell lines (set to 1, horizontal line). Induction of > 30% shown as dotted line. Values are given as mean (SD). Correlation between expresion level of miR-485-5p and pri-mir486 in C. untreated and D. 5-Aza treated cell lines. The expression levels are quantified using qRT-PCR, and normalized against RNU44 for miR-486-5p and GAPDH for pri-mir486

Article Snippet: A panel of human osteosarcoma cell lines ( n = 21) composed of 143B, CAL-72, G-292, HAL, HOS, IOR/MOS, IOR/OS9, IOR/OS10, IOR/OS14, IOR/OS15, IOR/OS18, IOR/SARG, KPD, MG-63, MHM, MNNG/HOS, OHS, OSA, Saos-2, U-2 OS and ZK-58 were obtained from ATCC ( www.lgcstandards-atcc.org ), DSMZ ( http://www.dsmz.de/ ) or research partners in the EU funded EuroBoNeT project [ ].

Techniques: Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR

Journal: BMC Genomics

Article Title: miR-486-5p expression is regulated by DNA methylation in osteosarcoma

doi: 10.1186/s12864-022-08346-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: Expression and correlation of miR-486-5p and ANK1 before and after 5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine treatment in osteosarcoma cell lines. A . Quantification of expression of miR-486-5p and ANK1 versions 1–4 in untreated cells. B . The induction of miR-486-5p and ANK1 versions 1–4 after 5-Aza treatment. The induction fold change is calculated as the ratio between expression of untreated and 5-Aza treated transcripts as quantified by qRT-PCR. The expression is normalized against RNU44 for miR-486-5p and GAPDH for ANK1 . Pearson’s Correlation r is calculated with and without the outlier sample MG-63

Article Snippet: A panel of human osteosarcoma cell lines ( n = 21) composed of 143B, CAL-72, G-292, HAL, HOS, IOR/MOS, IOR/OS9, IOR/OS10, IOR/OS14, IOR/OS15, IOR/OS18, IOR/SARG, KPD, MG-63, MHM, MNNG/HOS, OHS, OSA, Saos-2, U-2 OS and ZK-58 were obtained from ATCC ( www.lgcstandards-atcc.org ), DSMZ ( http://www.dsmz.de/ ) or research partners in the EU funded EuroBoNeT project [ ].

Techniques: Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR

Journal: BMC Genomics

Article Title: miR-486-5p expression is regulated by DNA methylation in osteosarcoma

doi: 10.1186/s12864-022-08346-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: Genome-wide methylation profile of the mir-486/ANK1 locus and miR-486-5p expression levels in osteosarcoma patient samples. A. Representation of average methylation profile across the mir-486 / ANK1 locus in osteosarcoma patient samples ( n = 10) and bone ( n = 4). Methylation level (Beta) is shown for the individual CpG sites (ticks on horizontal axis) from the HumanMethylation450 BeadChips. The probes are ordered along the locus and intervals are not in scale. CGIs are shown as grey boxes with number refering to CpG count (from UCSC Genome Browser NCBI, GRCh37/hg19 assembly). Horizontal lines below plot show representative transcript variants of the respective mRNA genes (RefSeq) with exons as vertical bars, not in scale. Shaded vertical box: CGI shown in detail in B. Black, osteosarcomas; Grey, bone. B. Probe level methylation for CGI CpG79 in osteosarcoma patient samples and bone. Methylation levels as determined by Infinium 450 k arrays are given in Beta values for the individual CpG sites (cg). The selected CpGs within CGI CpG79 are highlighted with a shaded vertical box in A. Methylated: Beta 0.7–1.0; partially methylated: Beta 0.3–0.7; unmethylated: Beta< 0.3. C. Expression level of miR-486-5p in osteosarcoma patient samples and bone based on qRT-PCR. The osteosarcoma samples are grouped based on methylation status for probe cg08194989 on Infinium 450 k arrays, while the bone samples are shown as one group. Horizontal line: mean value

Article Snippet: A panel of human osteosarcoma cell lines ( n = 21) composed of 143B, CAL-72, G-292, HAL, HOS, IOR/MOS, IOR/OS9, IOR/OS10, IOR/OS14, IOR/OS15, IOR/OS18, IOR/SARG, KPD, MG-63, MHM, MNNG/HOS, OHS, OSA, Saos-2, U-2 OS and ZK-58 were obtained from ATCC ( www.lgcstandards-atcc.org ), DSMZ ( http://www.dsmz.de/ ) or research partners in the EU funded EuroBoNeT project [ ].

Techniques: Genome Wide, Methylation, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR

Journal: BMC Genomics

Article Title: miR-486-5p expression is regulated by DNA methylation in osteosarcoma

doi: 10.1186/s12864-022-08346-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: Methylation distributions in osteosarcoma assessed by quantitative methylation-specific PCR. The methylation was measured for the groups of normal bones and osteosarcoma cell lines, xenografts and patient samples. PMR, percent of methylated reference. Horizontal black line: mean values

Article Snippet: A panel of human osteosarcoma cell lines ( n = 21) composed of 143B, CAL-72, G-292, HAL, HOS, IOR/MOS, IOR/OS9, IOR/OS10, IOR/OS14, IOR/OS15, IOR/OS18, IOR/SARG, KPD, MG-63, MHM, MNNG/HOS, OHS, OSA, Saos-2, U-2 OS and ZK-58 were obtained from ATCC ( www.lgcstandards-atcc.org ), DSMZ ( http://www.dsmz.de/ ) or research partners in the EU funded EuroBoNeT project [ ].

Techniques: Methylation

Journal: BMC Genomics

Article Title: miR-486-5p expression is regulated by DNA methylation in osteosarcoma

doi: 10.1186/s12864-022-08346-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: Introduction of miR-486-5p in osteosarcoma cell lines. Osteosarcoma cells (OSA, OHS and U-2 OS) were transiently transfected with synthetic miR-486-5p mimics or a negative control. Cellular proliferation rates were determined by live cell imaging for 48 h using the IncuCyte, measuring cell confluence over time. One representative experiment of three is shown ( n = 3). Error bars represent the standard error of means of values for replicate wells ( n ≥ =5)

Article Snippet: A panel of human osteosarcoma cell lines ( n = 21) composed of 143B, CAL-72, G-292, HAL, HOS, IOR/MOS, IOR/OS9, IOR/OS10, IOR/OS14, IOR/OS15, IOR/OS18, IOR/SARG, KPD, MG-63, MHM, MNNG/HOS, OHS, OSA, Saos-2, U-2 OS and ZK-58 were obtained from ATCC ( www.lgcstandards-atcc.org ), DSMZ ( http://www.dsmz.de/ ) or research partners in the EU funded EuroBoNeT project [ ].

Techniques: Transfection, Negative Control, Live Cell Imaging

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Astroglial exosome HepaCAM signaling and ApoE antagonization coordinates early postnatal cortical pyramidal neuronal axon growth and dendritic spine formation

doi: 10.1101/2023.02.14.528554

Figure Lengend Snippet: Representative original set of longitudinal images from CM-DiI-injected WT ( a ) and HepaCAM KO ( b ) mouse spinal cords that were superimposed into the continuous CST axon growth image shown in . Images of longitudinal spinal cord sections were taken from lateral to medial orientation at P3. White arrows: CM-DiI labeling; Scale bar: 1mm; c , Representative image of Tau, Map2, and Gap43 immunostaining of A-Exo-treated cultured cortical neurons to illustrate axonal growth cones and axons; Scale bar: 20 µm.

Article Snippet: The cells were blocked in 3% bovine serum albumin for 30 min and incubated with the following primary antibodies overnight at 4°C: β-III tubulin (1:1000, MAB1195, R&D system), rabbit anti-MAP2 (1:1000, GeneTex), Gap43 Antibody (1:500, Novus Biologicals, clone 2G13), anti-mouse Tau (1:500, GeneTex), mouse anti-Map2 (1:1000, Sigma, M9942), rat anti-GFAP (1:5000, zymed, 273756), rabbit anti-GFAP (1:1000, Dako), and anti-human Tau (1:500, Dako).

Techniques: Injection, Labeling, Immunostaining, Cell Culture

Journal: Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

Article Title: Evidence for the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and olfactory cell lineage impairment in close-contact infection Syrian hamster models

doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1019723

Figure Lengend Snippet: Primary antibodies used in this study.

Article Snippet: GAP43 , Novus Biologicals (Centennial, CO, USA) , NB300-143B , Rabbit , polyclonal , 1:1000.

Techniques:

Journal: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy : CII

Article Title: Osteosarcoma cell–derived CCL2 facilitates lung metastasis via accumulation of tumor-associated macrophages

doi: 10.1007/s00262-025-04051-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: CCL2-neutralizing antibody prevents lung metastasis via suppression of macrophage polarization in the lung. A , B Mouse LM8 cells ( A ) and human 143B cells ( B ) with metastatic potential (2 × 10 6 cells) were inoculated into the tibia of C3H/Hej mice and athymic nude mice, respectively. CCL2-neutralizing antibody (CCL2 MAB) and control isotype IgG (Iso MAB) (200 μg/mouse) were administered intraperitoneally twice per week, starting 3 days before inoculation. Lung metastases and the immune microenvironment in mice that received orthotopic inoculation with LM8 and 143B cells were assessed on days 21 and 28 after tumor inoculation, respectively. C , D Left panel: representative photographs of lung tissues stained with hematoxylin/eosin at low magnification. Right panel: number of metastatic nodules in the lung tissues is shown as mean ± SD (n = 5 in each group; *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ns, not significant). E , F Comparison of the polarization of macrophages in lung tissues. The percentages of M1-like and M2-like macrophages are shown as mean ± SD (n = 5 in each group; *, P < 0.05; ns, not significant). Statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-test. Figures were generated using BioRender

Article Snippet: HOS and 143B cells (2 × 10 6 cells) were orthotopically inoculated into the proximal tibia of 6-week-old female athymic nude mice (CLEA Japan) (n = 4 in each group).

Techniques: Control, Staining, Comparison, Generated