Journal: Scientific reports

Article Title: PRKD2 as a novel target for targeting the diabetes-osteoporosis nexus.

doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-89235-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 4. RNA Sequencing data processing and screening of core differentially expressed genes. (a) Standardized data matrix. (b) RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) principal component analysis. (c) DM vs. control differential gene expression volcano map. (d) DMOP vs. control differential gene expression volcano map. (e) Performing Mfuzz clustering analysis on RNA-seq data. (f) Detecting differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in DMOP UP and cluster 6 (gradually rising in “Normal–DM–DMOP”). (g) Detection of DEGs in DMOP DOWN and cluster 7 (gradually declining in “Normal–DM–DMOP”). (h) Detection of DEGs in DMOP UP and cluster 6 and the top 120 hub DEGs in UP (from Cytoscape using the bottleneck method). (i) Detecting DEGs in DMOP DOWN and cluster 7 and the top 120 hub DEGs in DOWN (from Cytoscape using the bottleneck method). (j) Expression of PRKD2 in RNA-seq data, GSE56815, and GSE156061. (k) WIPF1 expression in RNA-seq data, GSE56815, and GSE156061. (l) Expression of LMAN2L in RNA-seq data, GSE56815, and GSE156061.

Article Snippet: The PVDF membranes were incubated with diluted PRKD2 (1:1000, Biodragon, China), caspase-3 (1:1000, Abmart, China), RUNX2 (1:1000, Abmart), BCL2 (1:1000, Abmart), BAX (1:4000, Proteintech Group, China), and β-actin (1:5000, Immunoway, Plano, USA) antibodies at 4 °C overnight.

Techniques: RNA Sequencing, Control, Gene Expression, Expressing

Journal: Scientific reports

Article Title: PRKD2 as a novel target for targeting the diabetes-osteoporosis nexus.

doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-89235-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 7. Validation of PRKD2 expression in cells. (a) Comparison among study groups: control (blue), diabetes mellitus (DM, red), and diabetes mellitus with osteoporosis (DMOP, green). (b) qRT-PCR validation of PRKD2, WIPF1, and LMAN2L in the control, DM, and DMOP groups. (c–f) Immunofluorescence and quantitative fluorescence analyses of caspase-3 and BCL2. (g,h) Western blot and quantitative analyses were used to measure BAX, BCL2, RUNX2, and caspase-3 expression in MC3T3-E1 cells. (i,j) Immunofluorescence and quantitative fluorescence analyses of PRKD2. (k,l) Western blot and quantitative analyses were used to measure PRKD2 expression in MC3T3-E1 cells (Original blots are presented in Supplementary material 1).

Article Snippet: The PVDF membranes were incubated with diluted PRKD2 (1:1000, Biodragon, China), caspase-3 (1:1000, Abmart, China), RUNX2 (1:1000, Abmart), BCL2 (1:1000, Abmart), BAX (1:4000, Proteintech Group, China), and β-actin (1:5000, Immunoway, Plano, USA) antibodies at 4 °C overnight.

Techniques: Biomarker Discovery, Expressing, Comparison, Control, Quantitative RT-PCR, Immunofluorescence, Fluorescence, Western Blot

Journal: Scientific reports

Article Title: PRKD2 as a novel target for targeting the diabetes-osteoporosis nexus.

doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-89235-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 8. Animal model validation of PRKD2 expression. (a) Flowchart of in vivo experiments. (b) Representative micro-CT reconstruction images of the distal femurs. (c) Quantitative assessment of the distal femur through micro-CT encompassed analysis of the bone mineral density (BMD, mg/cm3), percentage bone volume (BV/TV, %), bone surface area to bone volume ratio (BS/BV, 1/mm), trabecular thickness (Tb. Th, µm), and separation between trabeculae (Tb.Sp, µm). (d–g) H&E, Masson’s trichrome, Alizarin Red (ARS), and Von Kossa (VK) staining and their respective quantitative analyses were employed to assess the control, DM, and DMOP groups. (h,i) Immunofluorescence and quantitative fluorescence analyses of PRKD2 in the distal femurs of mice were performed. Results are expressed as mean ± SD; significance levels are denoted as *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001, determined using the ANOVA and further analyzed with Tukey’s post- hoc test.

Article Snippet: The PVDF membranes were incubated with diluted PRKD2 (1:1000, Biodragon, China), caspase-3 (1:1000, Abmart, China), RUNX2 (1:1000, Abmart), BCL2 (1:1000, Abmart), BAX (1:4000, Proteintech Group, China), and β-actin (1:5000, Immunoway, Plano, USA) antibodies at 4 °C overnight.

Techniques: Animal Model, Biomarker Discovery, Expressing, In Vivo, Micro-CT, Staining, Control, Immunofluorescence, Fluorescence