vascular endothelial growth factor vegf  (R&D Systems)

 
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    R&D Systems vascular endothelial growth factor vegf
    ELISA analysis of the secretion of the angiogenic factor secreted by the rat adipose-derived stem cells <t>(rADSCs)</t> on the modified scaffolds. a Vascular endothelial growth factor <t>(VEGF),</t> b hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and c basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) secretion by the rADSCs after 7 and 14 days ( n = 6). Note that rADSCs on the PRP+PM and PM scaffolds secreted significantly more angiogenic factors including VEGF, HGF and bFGF than those on the PU and PRP scaffolds ( p
    Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Vegf, supplied by R&D Systems, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 92/100, based on 304 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    vascular endothelial growth factor vegf - by Bioz Stars, 2021-01
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    Images

    1) Product Images from "Argon plasma surface modification promotes the therapeutic angiogenesis and tissue formation of tissue-engineered scaffolds in vivo by adipose-derived stem cells"

    Article Title: Argon plasma surface modification promotes the therapeutic angiogenesis and tissue formation of tissue-engineered scaffolds in vivo by adipose-derived stem cells

    Journal: Stem Cell Research & Therapy

    doi: 10.1186/s13287-019-1195-z

    ELISA analysis of the secretion of the angiogenic factor secreted by the rat adipose-derived stem cells (rADSCs) on the modified scaffolds. a Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), b hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and c basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) secretion by the rADSCs after 7 and 14 days ( n = 6). Note that rADSCs on the PRP+PM and PM scaffolds secreted significantly more angiogenic factors including VEGF, HGF and bFGF than those on the PU and PRP scaffolds ( p
    Figure Legend Snippet: ELISA analysis of the secretion of the angiogenic factor secreted by the rat adipose-derived stem cells (rADSCs) on the modified scaffolds. a Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), b hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and c basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) secretion by the rADSCs after 7 and 14 days ( n = 6). Note that rADSCs on the PRP+PM and PM scaffolds secreted significantly more angiogenic factors including VEGF, HGF and bFGF than those on the PU and PRP scaffolds ( p

    Techniques Used: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Derivative Assay, Modification

    2) Product Images from "Promotion of wound healing using adipose-derived stem cells in radiation ulcer of a rat model"

    Article Title: Promotion of wound healing using adipose-derived stem cells in radiation ulcer of a rat model

    Journal: Journal of Biomedical Science

    doi: 10.1186/1423-0127-20-51

    Effects of passage number on mRNA expression and secretion of VEGF and HGF. Passage numbers were shown as P1, P2, etc. (A- D) Total mRNAs were extracted from three different rat ASCs and reverse transcribed into cDNA. The VEGF (A) and HGF (B) mRNA expression levels were analyzed using real-time PCR analysis. Values were normalized to the level of GAPDH mRNA and expressed relative to normalized values of P1. Secretion of VEGF (C) and HGF (D) by rat ASCs ( n = 3) cultured over 72 hours was measured by ELISA. The data represent the mean ± SEM. * p
    Figure Legend Snippet: Effects of passage number on mRNA expression and secretion of VEGF and HGF. Passage numbers were shown as P1, P2, etc. (A- D) Total mRNAs were extracted from three different rat ASCs and reverse transcribed into cDNA. The VEGF (A) and HGF (B) mRNA expression levels were analyzed using real-time PCR analysis. Values were normalized to the level of GAPDH mRNA and expressed relative to normalized values of P1. Secretion of VEGF (C) and HGF (D) by rat ASCs ( n = 3) cultured over 72 hours was measured by ELISA. The data represent the mean ± SEM. * p

    Techniques Used: Expressing, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Cell Culture, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

    3) Product Images from "Adipose Stromal Cells Amplify Angiogenic Signaling via the VEGF/mTOR/Akt Pathway in a Murine Hindlimb Ischemia Model: A 3D Multimodality Imaging Study"

    Article Title: Adipose Stromal Cells Amplify Angiogenic Signaling via the VEGF/mTOR/Akt Pathway in a Murine Hindlimb Ischemia Model: A 3D Multimodality Imaging Study

    Journal: PLoS ONE

    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045621

    Transplanted mADSCs activated VEGF/mTOR/Akt pathway in vivo . Levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and stromal cell derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) in PBS or ADSC-treated ischemic hindlimbs on day 0 (baseline), 3 and 7 using ELISA ( a ). Western blot analysis ( b ) of VEGFR2(Tyr951)/VEGFR2 ( c ), mTOR(Ser2448)/mTOR ( d ), Akt(Ser473)/Akt ( e ) and β-actin expression within ischemic hindlimbs on day 7. Protein expression was quantified by the integrated optical density (IOD) ratio of each pair. n = 20 for each. LDPI follow-up showed that combined treatment of anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody (mAb) ( f ), PP242 ( g ) or triciribine ( h ) with mADSCs attenuated mADSC-induced blood perfusion restoration, compared with combined treatment of nonspecific IgG or vehicle controls. Error bars: mean±SD. * P
    Figure Legend Snippet: Transplanted mADSCs activated VEGF/mTOR/Akt pathway in vivo . Levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and stromal cell derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) in PBS or ADSC-treated ischemic hindlimbs on day 0 (baseline), 3 and 7 using ELISA ( a ). Western blot analysis ( b ) of VEGFR2(Tyr951)/VEGFR2 ( c ), mTOR(Ser2448)/mTOR ( d ), Akt(Ser473)/Akt ( e ) and β-actin expression within ischemic hindlimbs on day 7. Protein expression was quantified by the integrated optical density (IOD) ratio of each pair. n = 20 for each. LDPI follow-up showed that combined treatment of anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody (mAb) ( f ), PP242 ( g ) or triciribine ( h ) with mADSCs attenuated mADSC-induced blood perfusion restoration, compared with combined treatment of nonspecific IgG or vehicle controls. Error bars: mean±SD. * P

    Techniques Used: In Vivo, Derivative Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Western Blot, Expressing

    4) Product Images from "Growth factor and pro-inflammatory cytokine contents in platelet-rich plasma (PRP), plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF), advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF), and concentrated growth factors (CGF)"

    Article Title: Growth factor and pro-inflammatory cytokine contents in platelet-rich plasma (PRP), plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF), advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF), and concentrated growth factors (CGF)

    Journal: International Journal of Implant Dentistry

    doi: 10.1186/s40729-016-0052-4

    Concentrations of growth factors (TGF-β1, PDGF-BB, VEGF) in PRP, PRGF, A-PRF, and CGF preparations ( n = 20)
    Figure Legend Snippet: Concentrations of growth factors (TGF-β1, PDGF-BB, VEGF) in PRP, PRGF, A-PRF, and CGF preparations ( n = 20)

    Techniques Used:

    5) Product Images from "Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 deficiency reduces spontaneous metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma in mice fed a high-fat diet"

    Article Title: Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 deficiency reduces spontaneous metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma in mice fed a high-fat diet

    Journal: Oncotarget

    doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.8364

    Plasma concentrations of VEGF a. TIMP-1 b. leptin c. and insulin d. Two-way ANOVA was performed to compare differences among the groups of LLC-bearing mice; a priori contrasts were performed to compare differences in mice fed the AIN93G diet with or without LLC. Values are means ± SEM (n = 10 per group). * p ≤ 0.01 compared to AIN WT. Ctl: non-tumor-bearing wild-type mice fed the AIN93G diet; AIN: AIN93G diet; WT: wild-type mice; MCP-1 −/− : MCP-1 deficient mice; HF: high-fat diet.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Plasma concentrations of VEGF a. TIMP-1 b. leptin c. and insulin d. Two-way ANOVA was performed to compare differences among the groups of LLC-bearing mice; a priori contrasts were performed to compare differences in mice fed the AIN93G diet with or without LLC. Values are means ± SEM (n = 10 per group). * p ≤ 0.01 compared to AIN WT. Ctl: non-tumor-bearing wild-type mice fed the AIN93G diet; AIN: AIN93G diet; WT: wild-type mice; MCP-1 −/− : MCP-1 deficient mice; HF: high-fat diet.

    Techniques Used: Mouse Assay, CTL Assay

    6) Product Images from "Activation of the hypoxia‐inducible factor pathway induced by prolyl hydroxylase domain 2 deficiency enhances the effect of running training in mice"

    Article Title: Activation of the hypoxia‐inducible factor pathway induced by prolyl hydroxylase domain 2 deficiency enhances the effect of running training in mice

    Journal: Acta Physiologica (Oxford, England)

    doi: 10.1111/apha.12751

    Upregulation of plasma EPO , VEGF and nitric oxide ( NO ) metabolite level. (a) Plasma levels of EPO ( n = 4–5 per group). A two‐way anova [training (untrained or trained) × genotype (control or Phd2 cKO)] showed a statistically significant main effect of genotype in the EPO levels ( F 1,14 = 1567.156, ‡ P
    Figure Legend Snippet: Upregulation of plasma EPO , VEGF and nitric oxide ( NO ) metabolite level. (a) Plasma levels of EPO ( n = 4–5 per group). A two‐way anova [training (untrained or trained) × genotype (control or Phd2 cKO)] showed a statistically significant main effect of genotype in the EPO levels ( F 1,14 = 1567.156, ‡ P

    Techniques Used:

    7) Product Images from "Exosome-Mediated Transfer of ACE2 (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2) from Endothelial Progenitor Cells Promotes Survival and Function of Endothelial Cell"

    Article Title: Exosome-Mediated Transfer of ACE2 (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2) from Endothelial Progenitor Cells Promotes Survival and Function of Endothelial Cell

    Journal: Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

    doi: 10.1155/2020/4213541

    ACE2 transfection increased the mRNA level of ACE2 and the protein levels of VEGF and IGF. (a) qRT-PCR analysis of the ACE2 mRNA level in the three types of CM. (b, c) ELISA analysis of VEGF and IGF protein levels in the three types of CM. ∗ P
    Figure Legend Snippet: ACE2 transfection increased the mRNA level of ACE2 and the protein levels of VEGF and IGF. (a) qRT-PCR analysis of the ACE2 mRNA level in the three types of CM. (b, c) ELISA analysis of VEGF and IGF protein levels in the three types of CM. ∗ P

    Techniques Used: Transfection, Quantitative RT-PCR, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

    8) Product Images from "Engineering a Microvascular Capillary Bed in a Tissue-Like Collagen Construct"

    Article Title: Engineering a Microvascular Capillary Bed in a Tissue-Like Collagen Construct

    Journal: Tissue Engineering. Part A

    doi: 10.1089/ten.tea.2013.0570

    Levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the media of monocultures and cocultures of HDMEC, HFF, and HOS at days 3, 7, and 14. Data are presented as mean value±standard error of the mean.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the media of monocultures and cocultures of HDMEC, HFF, and HOS at days 3, 7, and 14. Data are presented as mean value±standard error of the mean.

    Techniques Used: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

    9) Product Images from "Effects of Low-Frequency Ultrasound Treatment of Titanium Surface Roughness on Osteoblast Phenotype and Maturation"

    Article Title: Effects of Low-Frequency Ultrasound Treatment of Titanium Surface Roughness on Osteoblast Phenotype and Maturation

    Journal: Clinical oral implants research

    doi: 10.1111/clr.12976

    Effects of ultrasound treated surfaces of Ti disks on protein levels of growth factors. The ultrasound was applied to Ti disks for 10 min/cm2 at a frequency of 25 kHz with a fluid flow of 10ml/min. MG63 cells were plated on non-treated or sonicated PT, SLA, and mSLA surfaces. Cells were grown to confluence on a TCPS control. Osteoprotegerin (a) and VEGF (b) levels were measured in the conditioned media. Data are represented as mean ± SE of six independent cultures per disk type. * p
    Figure Legend Snippet: Effects of ultrasound treated surfaces of Ti disks on protein levels of growth factors. The ultrasound was applied to Ti disks for 10 min/cm2 at a frequency of 25 kHz with a fluid flow of 10ml/min. MG63 cells were plated on non-treated or sonicated PT, SLA, and mSLA surfaces. Cells were grown to confluence on a TCPS control. Osteoprotegerin (a) and VEGF (b) levels were measured in the conditioned media. Data are represented as mean ± SE of six independent cultures per disk type. * p

    Techniques Used: Flow Cytometry, Sonication

    10) Product Images from "The role of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell derivatives in skin wound healing in diabetic mice"

    Article Title: The role of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell derivatives in skin wound healing in diabetic mice

    Journal: PLoS ONE

    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177533

    Growth factors and protein profile relevant to wound healing found in allo-acd-mMSCs. ELISA measurement of secretion levels of KGF, CoL-1, MPP-1, VEGF, IGF-1, Ang-2, HGF, and PGE 2 were measured after 24 h allo-mBM-MSCs culture. (n = 24). Abbreviations: allo-mBM-MSCs, mouse bone marrow-derived allogeneic MSCs; allo-acd-mMSCs, mouse bone marrow acelullar derivatives allogeneic MSCs, KGF, keratinocyte growth factor; CoL-1, collagen type 1; MPP-1, matrix metalloproteinase 1; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; Ang-1, angiopoietin 1; IGF-1, human insulin-like growth factor 1; Ang-2, angiopoietin 2; HGF, hepatocyte growth factor and PGE 2 , prostaglandin E2.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Growth factors and protein profile relevant to wound healing found in allo-acd-mMSCs. ELISA measurement of secretion levels of KGF, CoL-1, MPP-1, VEGF, IGF-1, Ang-2, HGF, and PGE 2 were measured after 24 h allo-mBM-MSCs culture. (n = 24). Abbreviations: allo-mBM-MSCs, mouse bone marrow-derived allogeneic MSCs; allo-acd-mMSCs, mouse bone marrow acelullar derivatives allogeneic MSCs, KGF, keratinocyte growth factor; CoL-1, collagen type 1; MPP-1, matrix metalloproteinase 1; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; Ang-1, angiopoietin 1; IGF-1, human insulin-like growth factor 1; Ang-2, angiopoietin 2; HGF, hepatocyte growth factor and PGE 2 , prostaglandin E2.

    Techniques Used: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Derivative Assay

    11) Product Images from "Inhibition of DNA methyltransferase induces G2 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cells via inhibition of JAK2/STAT3/STAT5 signalling"

    Article Title: Inhibition of DNA methyltransferase induces G2 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cells via inhibition of JAK2/STAT3/STAT5 signalling

    Journal: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine

    doi: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2009.00661.x

    Disruption of JAK2/STAT3/STAT5 signalling by 5-aza-dc is associated with modulation of downstream STAT targets. (A) Western blot analysis of JAK2/STAT3/STAT5 downstream targets in SW1116 cells following 5-aza-dc treatment. Bcl-2 and FAK were down-regulated, while p16 ink4a , p21 waf1/cip1 and p27 kip1 were up-regulated. Survivin and E-cadherin showed no detectable change. The data shown are from a representative experiment and detection of GAPDH was used as a loading control. (B) Concentrations of VEGF, MMP-2 and MMP-9 in SW1116 cells treated with 5-aza-dc were analysed by ELISA 24 hrs after treatment. A decrease in the secretion of VEGF was detected (* p
    Figure Legend Snippet: Disruption of JAK2/STAT3/STAT5 signalling by 5-aza-dc is associated with modulation of downstream STAT targets. (A) Western blot analysis of JAK2/STAT3/STAT5 downstream targets in SW1116 cells following 5-aza-dc treatment. Bcl-2 and FAK were down-regulated, while p16 ink4a , p21 waf1/cip1 and p27 kip1 were up-regulated. Survivin and E-cadherin showed no detectable change. The data shown are from a representative experiment and detection of GAPDH was used as a loading control. (B) Concentrations of VEGF, MMP-2 and MMP-9 in SW1116 cells treated with 5-aza-dc were analysed by ELISA 24 hrs after treatment. A decrease in the secretion of VEGF was detected (* p

    Techniques Used: Western Blot, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

    12) Product Images from "Endothelial Progenitor and Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Newborns With Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Undergoing Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation"

    Article Title: Endothelial Progenitor and Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Newborns With Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Undergoing Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

    Journal: Frontiers in Pediatrics

    doi: 10.3389/fped.2019.00490

    Detection of mobilizing factors in the disease course. Concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (A) and Angiopoietin 2 (Ang2) (B) at day 0 and in the disease course as well as at different time points during the disease course (blood samples in the ECMO-dependent group at day 0, day 1, and day 3, blood samples in the ECMO-independent group at day 0, day 3, and day 7) (C,D) . * Marks a significant difference ( p
    Figure Legend Snippet: Detection of mobilizing factors in the disease course. Concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (A) and Angiopoietin 2 (Ang2) (B) at day 0 and in the disease course as well as at different time points during the disease course (blood samples in the ECMO-dependent group at day 0, day 1, and day 3, blood samples in the ECMO-independent group at day 0, day 3, and day 7) (C,D) . * Marks a significant difference ( p

    Techniques Used:

    13) Product Images from "The effect of TNF-α on osteoblasts in metal wear-induced periprosthetic bone loss"

    Article Title: The effect of TNF-α on osteoblasts in metal wear-induced periprosthetic bone loss

    Journal: Bone & Joint Research

    doi: 10.1302/2046-3758.911.BJR-2020-0001.R2

    a) Bar chart showing a dose-dependent increase in the formation of extracellular reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) by SaOs-2 cells treated with tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) for 24 hours. b) Bar chart showing enhanced release of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the culture medium of SaOs-2 cells treated with TNF-α for 24 hours. Data are presented as the mean ± SD. *p
    Figure Legend Snippet: a) Bar chart showing a dose-dependent increase in the formation of extracellular reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) by SaOs-2 cells treated with tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) for 24 hours. b) Bar chart showing enhanced release of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the culture medium of SaOs-2 cells treated with TNF-α for 24 hours. Data are presented as the mean ± SD. *p

    Techniques Used:

    14) Product Images from "Age affects the paracrine activity and differentiation potential of human adipose-derived stem cells"

    Article Title: Age affects the paracrine activity and differentiation potential of human adipose-derived stem cells

    Journal: Molecular Medicine Reports

    doi: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11799

    Effect of age on the paracrine potential of ADSCs. ADSCs were cultured and the culture medium was collected for the quantification of cytokines. Quantification for (A) VEGF, (B) HGF, (C) SDF-1α and (D) TGF-β was performed using ELISA. (E) Experimental scheme for Matrigel assay with EPC. Conditioned medium of ADSC was treated with EPCs on Matrigel. (F) Representative images for tube formation. Data are presented as the mean ± SD of at least three replicates for each group. Scale bar, 100 µm. **P
    Figure Legend Snippet: Effect of age on the paracrine potential of ADSCs. ADSCs were cultured and the culture medium was collected for the quantification of cytokines. Quantification for (A) VEGF, (B) HGF, (C) SDF-1α and (D) TGF-β was performed using ELISA. (E) Experimental scheme for Matrigel assay with EPC. Conditioned medium of ADSC was treated with EPCs on Matrigel. (F) Representative images for tube formation. Data are presented as the mean ± SD of at least three replicates for each group. Scale bar, 100 µm. **P

    Techniques Used: Cell Culture, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Matrigel Assay

    15) Product Images from "Lipopolysaccharide preconditioning enhances the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells transplantation in a rat model of acute myocardial infarction"

    Article Title: Lipopolysaccharide preconditioning enhances the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells transplantation in a rat model of acute myocardial infarction

    Journal: Journal of Biomedical Science

    doi: 10.1186/1423-0127-16-74

    VEGF concentration in the culture supernant of MSCs . ELISA analysis of supernatant after stimulation of LPS is shown. Wild MSCs were exposed to increasing doses of LPS for 48 hours. VEGF concentration increased after LPS treatment and VEGF concentration was the highest after incubation with 1.0 μg/ml LPS. B. In the presence of NF-κB inhibitor-PDTC, LPS stimulation caused a subsequent decrease in VEGF expression compared with that without NF-κB inhibition. LPS stimulation on tMSCs caused an obvious decrease in VEGF expression compared with that of wild MSCs. (a. VEGF concentration of wMSCs without stimulation of LPS; b. VEGF concentration of wMSCs with 1.0 μg/ml LPS stimulation; c. VEGF concentration of wMSCs with stimulation of 1.0 μg/ml LPS and 5 nmol/L PDTC; d. VEGF concentration of TLR4 gene deleted MSCs with stimulation of 1.0 μg/ml LPS) Data are mean ± SEM. * P
    Figure Legend Snippet: VEGF concentration in the culture supernant of MSCs . ELISA analysis of supernatant after stimulation of LPS is shown. Wild MSCs were exposed to increasing doses of LPS for 48 hours. VEGF concentration increased after LPS treatment and VEGF concentration was the highest after incubation with 1.0 μg/ml LPS. B. In the presence of NF-κB inhibitor-PDTC, LPS stimulation caused a subsequent decrease in VEGF expression compared with that without NF-κB inhibition. LPS stimulation on tMSCs caused an obvious decrease in VEGF expression compared with that of wild MSCs. (a. VEGF concentration of wMSCs without stimulation of LPS; b. VEGF concentration of wMSCs with 1.0 μg/ml LPS stimulation; c. VEGF concentration of wMSCs with stimulation of 1.0 μg/ml LPS and 5 nmol/L PDTC; d. VEGF concentration of TLR4 gene deleted MSCs with stimulation of 1.0 μg/ml LPS) Data are mean ± SEM. * P

    Techniques Used: Concentration Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Incubation, Expressing, Inhibition

    16) Product Images from "Follicular fluid soluble receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (sRAGE): a potential protective role in polycystic ovary syndrome"

    Article Title: Follicular fluid soluble receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (sRAGE): a potential protective role in polycystic ovary syndrome

    Journal: Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics

    doi: 10.1007/s10815-016-0704-6

    The relationships between sRAGE and VEGF, TNF-α, IL-6, and CRP in the follicular fluid from the PCOS group. Follicular fluid sRAGE, VEGF, TNF-α, IL-6, and CRP concentrations in follicular fluid were measured with ELISA. sRAGE was significantly, inversely correlated with VEGF ( r = −0.378, P = 0.018) ( a ), TNF-α ( r = −0.450, P = 0.004) ( b ), IL-6 ( r = −0.455, P = 0.004) ( c ), and CRP (r = −0.375, P = 0.019) ( d ). sRAGE soluble isoform of the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts, VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor, TNF-α tumor necrosis factor α, IL-6 interleukelin-6, CRP C-reactive protein
    Figure Legend Snippet: The relationships between sRAGE and VEGF, TNF-α, IL-6, and CRP in the follicular fluid from the PCOS group. Follicular fluid sRAGE, VEGF, TNF-α, IL-6, and CRP concentrations in follicular fluid were measured with ELISA. sRAGE was significantly, inversely correlated with VEGF ( r = −0.378, P = 0.018) ( a ), TNF-α ( r = −0.450, P = 0.004) ( b ), IL-6 ( r = −0.455, P = 0.004) ( c ), and CRP (r = −0.375, P = 0.019) ( d ). sRAGE soluble isoform of the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts, VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor, TNF-α tumor necrosis factor α, IL-6 interleukelin-6, CRP C-reactive protein

    Techniques Used: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

    17) Product Images from "Role of integrin α2β1 in mediating osteoblastic differentiation on three-dimensional titanium scaffolds with submicron-scale texture"

    Article Title: Role of integrin α2β1 in mediating osteoblastic differentiation on three-dimensional titanium scaffolds with submicron-scale texture

    Journal: Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A

    doi: 10.1002/jbm.a.35323

    Effects of structural properties of 3D microstructure combined with surface roughness modification on normal human osteoblast maturation. Normal human osteoblasts were plated and harvested at confluence on TCPS. A: Cell number, (B) ALP specific activity, (C) OCN, (D) OPG, and (E) VEGF levels were measured. Data represented are the mean ± SE of six independent samples. * refers to a statistically significant p value below 0.05 versus PT; ^ refers to a statistically significant p value below 0.05 versus acid PT.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Effects of structural properties of 3D microstructure combined with surface roughness modification on normal human osteoblast maturation. Normal human osteoblasts were plated and harvested at confluence on TCPS. A: Cell number, (B) ALP specific activity, (C) OCN, (D) OPG, and (E) VEGF levels were measured. Data represented are the mean ± SE of six independent samples. * refers to a statistically significant p value below 0.05 versus PT; ^ refers to a statistically significant p value below 0.05 versus acid PT.

    Techniques Used: Modification, ALP Assay, Activity Assay

    Effects of structural properties of 3D scaffolds combined with surface roughness modification on MG63 maturation. MG63 cells were plated on the PT, acid PT, 3D and acid 3D scaffolds and harvested at confluence on TCPS. A: Cell number, (B) ALP specific activity, (C) OCN, (D) OPG, and (E) VEGF levels were measured. Data represented are the mean ± SE of six independent samples. * refers to a statistically-significant p value below 0.05 versus PT; ^ refers to a statistically significant p value below 0.05 versus acid PT; $ refers to a statistically significant p value below 0.05 versus 3D.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Effects of structural properties of 3D scaffolds combined with surface roughness modification on MG63 maturation. MG63 cells were plated on the PT, acid PT, 3D and acid 3D scaffolds and harvested at confluence on TCPS. A: Cell number, (B) ALP specific activity, (C) OCN, (D) OPG, and (E) VEGF levels were measured. Data represented are the mean ± SE of six independent samples. * refers to a statistically-significant p value below 0.05 versus PT; ^ refers to a statistically significant p value below 0.05 versus acid PT; $ refers to a statistically significant p value below 0.05 versus 3D.

    Techniques Used: Modification, ALP Assay, Activity Assay

    Role of integrin β1 and α2 in osteoblast maturation on 3D scaffolds. MG63 cells were plated and harvested at confluence on TCPS. A: Cell number, (B) ALP specific activity, (C) OCN, (D) OPG, and (E) VEGF levels were measured. Data represented are the mean ± SE of six independent samples. * refers to a statistically significant p value below 0.05 versus PT among the same cell type; ^ refers to a statistically significant p value below 0.05 versus acid PT among the same cell type; # refers to a statistically significant p value below 0.05 versus WT MG63; + refers to a statistically significant p value below 0.05 versus shITGβ1 MG63.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Role of integrin β1 and α2 in osteoblast maturation on 3D scaffolds. MG63 cells were plated and harvested at confluence on TCPS. A: Cell number, (B) ALP specific activity, (C) OCN, (D) OPG, and (E) VEGF levels were measured. Data represented are the mean ± SE of six independent samples. * refers to a statistically significant p value below 0.05 versus PT among the same cell type; ^ refers to a statistically significant p value below 0.05 versus acid PT among the same cell type; # refers to a statistically significant p value below 0.05 versus WT MG63; + refers to a statistically significant p value below 0.05 versus shITGβ1 MG63.

    Techniques Used: ALP Assay, Activity Assay

    Effects of structural properties of 3D scaffolds on MG63 cells during culture time. MG63 were plated and the day when cells get confluence on TCPS is marked as 0. A: Cell number, (B) ALP specific activity, (C) OCN, (D) OPG, and (E) VEGF levels were measured. Data represented are the mean ± SE of six independent samples. * refers to a statistically significant p value below 0.05 versus TCPS base line; ^ refers to a statistically significant p value below 0.05 versus PT at the same time point.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Effects of structural properties of 3D scaffolds on MG63 cells during culture time. MG63 were plated and the day when cells get confluence on TCPS is marked as 0. A: Cell number, (B) ALP specific activity, (C) OCN, (D) OPG, and (E) VEGF levels were measured. Data represented are the mean ± SE of six independent samples. * refers to a statistically significant p value below 0.05 versus TCPS base line; ^ refers to a statistically significant p value below 0.05 versus PT at the same time point.

    Techniques Used: ALP Assay, Activity Assay

    18) Product Images from "Identification of novel vascular markers through gene expression profiling of tumor-derived endothelium"

    Article Title: Identification of novel vascular markers through gene expression profiling of tumor-derived endothelium

    Journal: BMC Genomics

    doi: 10.1186/1471-2164-9-201

    Real-time PCR quantification of gene expression in endothelial cells isolated from human cancer and normal tissue specimens . Endothelial cells were exposed (A) or not (B) to VEGF, EGF, FGF-2 and fibronectin (see Methods for details). Fold differences for each EC population and p values for each gene analyzed are shown. The expression of the target gene was normalized to 18s rRNA for each of the EC populations being evaluated: ΔCt = Ct target - Ct 18s . Statistical analysis on ΔCt values was performed comparing tumor and normal tissue derived EC. Fold differences were calculated according to the comparative ΔΔCt method: Fold difference = 2 -(ΔCt each population-ΔCt ref) by arbitrarily considering the normal tissue derived ECs as reference (ΔCt ref being their average ΔCt value).
    Figure Legend Snippet: Real-time PCR quantification of gene expression in endothelial cells isolated from human cancer and normal tissue specimens . Endothelial cells were exposed (A) or not (B) to VEGF, EGF, FGF-2 and fibronectin (see Methods for details). Fold differences for each EC population and p values for each gene analyzed are shown. The expression of the target gene was normalized to 18s rRNA for each of the EC populations being evaluated: ΔCt = Ct target - Ct 18s . Statistical analysis on ΔCt values was performed comparing tumor and normal tissue derived EC. Fold differences were calculated according to the comparative ΔΔCt method: Fold difference = 2 -(ΔCt each population-ΔCt ref) by arbitrarily considering the normal tissue derived ECs as reference (ΔCt ref being their average ΔCt value).

    Techniques Used: Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Expressing, Isolation, Derivative Assay

    19) Product Images from "Suppression of uPA and uPAR Attenuates Angiogenin Mediated Angiogenesis in Endothelial and Glioblastoma Cell Lines"

    Article Title: Suppression of uPA and uPAR Attenuates Angiogenin Mediated Angiogenesis in Endothelial and Glioblastoma Cell Lines

    Journal: PLoS ONE

    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0012458

    shRNA against uPA and uPAR inhibits secreted levels of ANG, Ang-1 and VEGF in cancer cells, endothelial cells and co-cultures. (A–C) 1.5×10 5 U87 and U87 SPARC cells were transfected as described earlier. Conditioned medium was collected after 72 hrs and assayed for (A) ANG, (B) Ang-1, and (C) VEGF levels by ELISA. Data represented are the average of three independent experiments. * p
    Figure Legend Snippet: shRNA against uPA and uPAR inhibits secreted levels of ANG, Ang-1 and VEGF in cancer cells, endothelial cells and co-cultures. (A–C) 1.5×10 5 U87 and U87 SPARC cells were transfected as described earlier. Conditioned medium was collected after 72 hrs and assayed for (A) ANG, (B) Ang-1, and (C) VEGF levels by ELISA. Data represented are the average of three independent experiments. * p

    Techniques Used: shRNA, Transfection, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

    20) Product Images from "The utility of human fallopian tube mucosa as a novel source of multipotent stem cells for the treatment of autologous reproductive tract injury"

    Article Title: The utility of human fallopian tube mucosa as a novel source of multipotent stem cells for the treatment of autologous reproductive tract injury

    Journal: Stem Cell Research & Therapy

    doi: 10.1186/s13287-015-0094-1

    Comparison of in vitro production of growth factors and immunomodulatory cytokines from cultured cells. a Concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) measured by using enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay (n = 3) are depicted. b Concentrations of interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), TNF-β, and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) measured by using enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay (n = 3) are depicted. hFMMSC, human fallopian tube mucosa mesenchymal stem cell; hFTMSC, human fallopian tube mesenchymal stem cell
    Figure Legend Snippet: Comparison of in vitro production of growth factors and immunomodulatory cytokines from cultured cells. a Concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) measured by using enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay (n = 3) are depicted. b Concentrations of interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), TNF-β, and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) measured by using enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay (n = 3) are depicted. hFMMSC, human fallopian tube mucosa mesenchymal stem cell; hFTMSC, human fallopian tube mesenchymal stem cell

    Techniques Used: In Vitro, Cell Culture

    21) Product Images from "Gamma-Secretase Inhibitor, DAPT, Prevents the Development of Retinopathy of Prematurity in a Rat Model by Regulating the Delta-Like Ligand 4/Notch Homolog-1 (DLL4/Notch-1) Pathway"

    Article Title: Gamma-Secretase Inhibitor, DAPT, Prevents the Development of Retinopathy of Prematurity in a Rat Model by Regulating the Delta-Like Ligand 4/Notch Homolog-1 (DLL4/Notch-1) Pathway

    Journal: Medical Science Monitor : International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research

    doi: 10.12659/MSM.913828

    Rat body weight and serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1), and VEGFR-2 in the control group, the rat model of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) group, and the DAPT-treated group ( A ) Body weight of rats in the control group, the model group, and the DAPT group. ( B ) Serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in rats in the control group, the model group, and the DAPT group. ( C ) Serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1) in rats in the control group, the model group, and the DAPT group. ( D ) Serum level of VEGFR-2 in rats in the control group, the model group, and the DAPT group. * P
    Figure Legend Snippet: Rat body weight and serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1), and VEGFR-2 in the control group, the rat model of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) group, and the DAPT-treated group ( A ) Body weight of rats in the control group, the model group, and the DAPT group. ( B ) Serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in rats in the control group, the model group, and the DAPT group. ( C ) Serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1) in rats in the control group, the model group, and the DAPT group. ( D ) Serum level of VEGFR-2 in rats in the control group, the model group, and the DAPT group. * P

    Techniques Used:

    22) Product Images from "Autologous preconditioned mesenchymal stem cell sheets improve left ventricular function in a rabbit old myocardial infarction model"

    Article Title: Autologous preconditioned mesenchymal stem cell sheets improve left ventricular function in a rabbit old myocardial infarction model

    Journal: American Journal of Translational Research

    doi:

    Hypoxic preconditioning enhances VEGF secretion from rBM-MSC sheets. A. Rabbit BM-MSC sheets were cultivated under hypoxic conditions (2% oxygen) for 24, 48, and 72 h and the concentration of VEGF in the conditioned medium was measured by ELISA; * p
    Figure Legend Snippet: Hypoxic preconditioning enhances VEGF secretion from rBM-MSC sheets. A. Rabbit BM-MSC sheets were cultivated under hypoxic conditions (2% oxygen) for 24, 48, and 72 h and the concentration of VEGF in the conditioned medium was measured by ELISA; * p

    Techniques Used: Concentration Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

    23) Product Images from "Bioengineering Human Neurological Constructs Using Decellularized Meningeal Scaffolds for Application in Spinal Cord Injury"

    Article Title: Bioengineering Human Neurological Constructs Using Decellularized Meningeal Scaffolds for Application in Spinal Cord Injury

    Journal: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

    doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00150

    (A) The infiltration of immunological cells in surrounding tissues of the DMS and MNC implant was not observed as demonstrated by the H E staining of peritoneal tissues. (B) α-SMA staining of DMS and MNC implants (retrieved after day 3 and day 14) didn't show significant positivity for fibrotic reactions. (C) VEGF levels within implanted grafts showed significantly higher amount at both the time points, however the levels were significantly higher at day 14 as compared to day 3 in MNC as compared to other two groups ( * p
    Figure Legend Snippet: (A) The infiltration of immunological cells in surrounding tissues of the DMS and MNC implant was not observed as demonstrated by the H E staining of peritoneal tissues. (B) α-SMA staining of DMS and MNC implants (retrieved after day 3 and day 14) didn't show significant positivity for fibrotic reactions. (C) VEGF levels within implanted grafts showed significantly higher amount at both the time points, however the levels were significantly higher at day 14 as compared to day 3 in MNC as compared to other two groups ( * p

    Techniques Used: Staining

    (A) Ultra-structure analysis using SEM analysis of DMS (DM/240) showed intact architecture of tissue specific ECM and 3D-organization to provide suitable microenvironment for neuronal cells survival and expansion. (B) SEM analysis revealed fibrous micro-structures of meningeal tissue in native form. The 3D network of connective tissue fibers were arranged in specific manner in native form through the network of ECM proteins. All the three different layers of meninges are depicted by star marks in different colors. (C) Cross section of DMS (DM/240) showing presence of vascular network within the scaffold (depicted by yellow color arrows). Quantification of retained cytokines (D) VEGF and (E) bFGF in DMS showed significant higher amount of retention even after 240 min of decellularization which was almost similar to the native meningeal tissue (FM) ( p > 0.05). However, significant decrease was observed for (F) BDNF and (G) NGF with increasing time of complete decellularization ( ** p
    Figure Legend Snippet: (A) Ultra-structure analysis using SEM analysis of DMS (DM/240) showed intact architecture of tissue specific ECM and 3D-organization to provide suitable microenvironment for neuronal cells survival and expansion. (B) SEM analysis revealed fibrous micro-structures of meningeal tissue in native form. The 3D network of connective tissue fibers were arranged in specific manner in native form through the network of ECM proteins. All the three different layers of meninges are depicted by star marks in different colors. (C) Cross section of DMS (DM/240) showing presence of vascular network within the scaffold (depicted by yellow color arrows). Quantification of retained cytokines (D) VEGF and (E) bFGF in DMS showed significant higher amount of retention even after 240 min of decellularization which was almost similar to the native meningeal tissue (FM) ( p > 0.05). However, significant decrease was observed for (F) BDNF and (G) NGF with increasing time of complete decellularization ( ** p

    Techniques Used:

    (A) Schematic representation showing the spatial arrangement of neuronal cells in 2D and 3D-culture system. The neurological cells in 2D-culture is simple, reductionist and do not have specific natural arrangement. Whereas, neurological cells grown on DMS tend to arrange in 3D-architecture in more organized manner mimicking with the natural system. β-tubulin III immunofluorescence staining of neuronal cells cultured in (B) 2D system (i.e., on fibronectin coated coverslips) are distributed in simplified manner whereas (C) on DMS in 3D microenvironment they are well organized as per the perception with well-developed axons (Magnification: 20X, Scale bar: 50 μm). (D) High resolution fluorescence images of neurons grown on DMS showing structural cues directing the long axonal outgrowth along the pioneer axonal tract and formation of new synapses due to spatial configuration of neurons and scaffold in support of growth factors and cell adhesion molecules. The pioneer and follower axons can be easily seen on DMS (Magnification: 40X, Scale bar: 50 μm) (E) Schematic representation of the structural and functional cues directing the formation of follower new long stretched axonal tracts with respect to the existing pioneer axons. (F) Immunofluorescence image of neuronal cells grown on DMS (i.e., MNC) showing MAP-2 protein staining (red) in cultured cells along with DAPI (blue) (Scale Bar: 100 μm). Quantification of secreted cytokines (G) VEGF (H) BDNF and (I) NGF in culture supernatants of neurological cells grown on DMS (i.e., MNC) showing significantly higher level as compared to control condition at day 14 and day 21 ( *** p
    Figure Legend Snippet: (A) Schematic representation showing the spatial arrangement of neuronal cells in 2D and 3D-culture system. The neurological cells in 2D-culture is simple, reductionist and do not have specific natural arrangement. Whereas, neurological cells grown on DMS tend to arrange in 3D-architecture in more organized manner mimicking with the natural system. β-tubulin III immunofluorescence staining of neuronal cells cultured in (B) 2D system (i.e., on fibronectin coated coverslips) are distributed in simplified manner whereas (C) on DMS in 3D microenvironment they are well organized as per the perception with well-developed axons (Magnification: 20X, Scale bar: 50 μm). (D) High resolution fluorescence images of neurons grown on DMS showing structural cues directing the long axonal outgrowth along the pioneer axonal tract and formation of new synapses due to spatial configuration of neurons and scaffold in support of growth factors and cell adhesion molecules. The pioneer and follower axons can be easily seen on DMS (Magnification: 40X, Scale bar: 50 μm) (E) Schematic representation of the structural and functional cues directing the formation of follower new long stretched axonal tracts with respect to the existing pioneer axons. (F) Immunofluorescence image of neuronal cells grown on DMS (i.e., MNC) showing MAP-2 protein staining (red) in cultured cells along with DAPI (blue) (Scale Bar: 100 μm). Quantification of secreted cytokines (G) VEGF (H) BDNF and (I) NGF in culture supernatants of neurological cells grown on DMS (i.e., MNC) showing significantly higher level as compared to control condition at day 14 and day 21 ( *** p

    Techniques Used: Immunofluorescence, Staining, Cell Culture, Fluorescence, Functional Assay

    24) Product Images from "Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction/Xenohybrid Bone Scaffold: An Alternative Source for Bone Regeneration"

    Article Title: Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction/Xenohybrid Bone Scaffold: An Alternative Source for Bone Regeneration

    Journal: Stem Cells International

    doi: 10.1155/2018/4126379

    Secretion of ET1 and VEGF by ASCs and SVF plated on SB by ELISA assay. The levels of ET-1 and VEGF were dosed in cell culture supernatants at the beginning and during the culture. In ASC cultures, both ET-1 and VEGF were produced with and without osteogenic factors. ET-1 levels decreased, whereas high VEGF levels were constantly released over time (a, b). In SVF cultures, ET-1 showed an increasing trend of secretion with osteogenic factors, compared to a variable production in regular medium (c). VEGF levels increased until 30 days of culture, then they decreased with and without osteogenic factors (d).
    Figure Legend Snippet: Secretion of ET1 and VEGF by ASCs and SVF plated on SB by ELISA assay. The levels of ET-1 and VEGF were dosed in cell culture supernatants at the beginning and during the culture. In ASC cultures, both ET-1 and VEGF were produced with and without osteogenic factors. ET-1 levels decreased, whereas high VEGF levels were constantly released over time (a, b). In SVF cultures, ET-1 showed an increasing trend of secretion with osteogenic factors, compared to a variable production in regular medium (c). VEGF levels increased until 30 days of culture, then they decreased with and without osteogenic factors (d).

    Techniques Used: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Cell Culture, Produced

    25) Product Images from "Increased serum levels of fractalkine and mobilisation of CD34+CD45− endothelial progenitor cells in systemic sclerosis"

    Article Title: Increased serum levels of fractalkine and mobilisation of CD34+CD45− endothelial progenitor cells in systemic sclerosis

    Journal: Arthritis Research & Therapy

    doi: 10.1186/s13075-017-1271-7

    Soluble endothelial biomarker concentrations in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) compared with healthy control subjects (HC). a Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). b Endothelin-1. c Soluble fractalkine (s-Fractalkine). d Correlation between s-Fractalkine and CD34 + CD45 − endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) counts (nb). Correlation was established using the non-parametric Spearman’s correlation coefficient ( r s ). * P
    Figure Legend Snippet: Soluble endothelial biomarker concentrations in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) compared with healthy control subjects (HC). a Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). b Endothelin-1. c Soluble fractalkine (s-Fractalkine). d Correlation between s-Fractalkine and CD34 + CD45 − endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) counts (nb). Correlation was established using the non-parametric Spearman’s correlation coefficient ( r s ). * P

    Techniques Used: Biomarker Assay

    26) Product Images from "Differential roles of hypoxia inducible factor subunits in multipotential stromal cells under hypoxic condition"

    Article Title: Differential roles of hypoxia inducible factor subunits in multipotential stromal cells under hypoxic condition

    Journal: Journal of cellular biochemistry

    doi: 10.1002/jcb.22961

    Effects of stable form of HIF-1α and HIF-2α (A, C, and E) or HIF-1β shRNA (B, D, and F) on the secretion of VEGF (A and B), HGF (C and D) and bFGF (E and F) from immortalized multipotential stromal cells (MSCs). Cells were incubated
    Figure Legend Snippet: Effects of stable form of HIF-1α and HIF-2α (A, C, and E) or HIF-1β shRNA (B, D, and F) on the secretion of VEGF (A and B), HGF (C and D) and bFGF (E and F) from immortalized multipotential stromal cells (MSCs). Cells were incubated

    Techniques Used: shRNA, Incubation

    27) Product Images from "Porcine mesothelium matrix as a biomaterial for wound healing applications"

    Article Title: Porcine mesothelium matrix as a biomaterial for wound healing applications

    Journal: Materials Today Bio

    doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2020.100057

    SDS-PAGE analysis of acetic acid (A) and acetic acid/pepsin (P) showed soluble collagen in OF-EF, PUB-MS, PM-MB, and PM-PC (A). Hydroxyproline assay revealed that the OF-EF, PUB-MS, and PM-PC had the highest (∗∗) collagen content (B). OF-EF and PM-PC showed the highest (∗∗) elastin content (C). The PUB-MS had the highest (∗∗) FGF-basic content (D). The PM-MB had the highest (∗∗) TGF- β 1 (E) and VEGF (F) content. Data expressed as average ± standard deviation (n = 3). ∗∗Indicates statistically higher ( p
    Figure Legend Snippet: SDS-PAGE analysis of acetic acid (A) and acetic acid/pepsin (P) showed soluble collagen in OF-EF, PUB-MS, PM-MB, and PM-PC (A). Hydroxyproline assay revealed that the OF-EF, PUB-MS, and PM-PC had the highest (∗∗) collagen content (B). OF-EF and PM-PC showed the highest (∗∗) elastin content (C). The PUB-MS had the highest (∗∗) FGF-basic content (D). The PM-MB had the highest (∗∗) TGF- β 1 (E) and VEGF (F) content. Data expressed as average ± standard deviation (n = 3). ∗∗Indicates statistically higher ( p

    Techniques Used: SDS Page, Hydroxyproline Assay, Standard Deviation

    28) Product Images from "Disturbed angiogenic activity of adipose-derived stromal cells obtained from patients with coronary artery disease and diabetes mellitus type 2"

    Article Title: Disturbed angiogenic activity of adipose-derived stromal cells obtained from patients with coronary artery disease and diabetes mellitus type 2

    Journal: Journal of Translational Medicine

    doi: 10.1186/s12967-014-0337-4

    Pro-angiogenic growth factor production by ADSC from patients with chronic ischemic pathologies and metabolic disorders was higher compared to the patients of the control group. (A-C) Gene expression of VEGF (A) , PlGF (B) and HGF (C) in ADSC obtained from the patients with CAD, CAD + DM2 and the control group. Y-axis: mRNA level in ADSC, relative units. (D-F) Concentration of VEGF (D) , PlGF (E) and HGF (F) in ADSC conditioned medium. Y-axis: Protein content in ADSC conditioned medium, ng/mln. of cells. Data are median and percentiles (25-75%), p-values are presented on the graphs.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Pro-angiogenic growth factor production by ADSC from patients with chronic ischemic pathologies and metabolic disorders was higher compared to the patients of the control group. (A-C) Gene expression of VEGF (A) , PlGF (B) and HGF (C) in ADSC obtained from the patients with CAD, CAD + DM2 and the control group. Y-axis: mRNA level in ADSC, relative units. (D-F) Concentration of VEGF (D) , PlGF (E) and HGF (F) in ADSC conditioned medium. Y-axis: Protein content in ADSC conditioned medium, ng/mln. of cells. Data are median and percentiles (25-75%), p-values are presented on the graphs.

    Techniques Used: Expressing, Concentration Assay

    29) Product Images from "Macrophage M2 polarization induced by exosomes from adipose-derived stem cells contributes to the exosomal proangiogenic effect on mouse ischemic hindlimb"

    Article Title: Macrophage M2 polarization induced by exosomes from adipose-derived stem cells contributes to the exosomal proangiogenic effect on mouse ischemic hindlimb

    Journal: Stem Cell Research & Therapy

    doi: 10.1186/s13287-020-01669-9

    The factors secreted by M1 macrophages upon treatment with exosomes from ASCs become M2-like. a – f M1 macrophages were incubated with 30 μg/ml Nor/Exo or Hyp/Exo for 48 h. The cells were then washed and incubated in fresh Macrophage-SFM for another 48 h. The culture medium was collected as conditioned medium (CdM). The concentrations of M1-associated cytokines, GM-CSF ( a ) and IL-6 ( b ); M2-associated cytokines, M-CSF ( c ) and IL-10 ( d ); and M2-associated growth factors, VEGF ( e ) and bFGF ( f ), in CdM were measured using ELISA. M2 was used as a positive control. g – i CdM from exosome-polarized M2-like macrophages promotes angiogenesis in CMVECs. M1 macrophages were incubated with 30 μg/ml Nor/Exo or Hyp/Exo for 48 h. The cells were then washed and incubated in fresh Macrophage-SFM for another 48 h. The culture medium was collected and used as CdM. CMVECs were treated with various CdMs from macrophages. Cell proliferation ( g ), migration ( h ), and tube formation ( i ) assays of CMVECs were performed as described in the “ Materials and methods ” section. CdM from M2 was used as a positive control. * p
    Figure Legend Snippet: The factors secreted by M1 macrophages upon treatment with exosomes from ASCs become M2-like. a – f M1 macrophages were incubated with 30 μg/ml Nor/Exo or Hyp/Exo for 48 h. The cells were then washed and incubated in fresh Macrophage-SFM for another 48 h. The culture medium was collected as conditioned medium (CdM). The concentrations of M1-associated cytokines, GM-CSF ( a ) and IL-6 ( b ); M2-associated cytokines, M-CSF ( c ) and IL-10 ( d ); and M2-associated growth factors, VEGF ( e ) and bFGF ( f ), in CdM were measured using ELISA. M2 was used as a positive control. g – i CdM from exosome-polarized M2-like macrophages promotes angiogenesis in CMVECs. M1 macrophages were incubated with 30 μg/ml Nor/Exo or Hyp/Exo for 48 h. The cells were then washed and incubated in fresh Macrophage-SFM for another 48 h. The culture medium was collected and used as CdM. CMVECs were treated with various CdMs from macrophages. Cell proliferation ( g ), migration ( h ), and tube formation ( i ) assays of CMVECs were performed as described in the “ Materials and methods ” section. CdM from M2 was used as a positive control. * p

    Techniques Used: Incubation, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Positive Control, Migration

    30) Product Images from "Myocardium-targeted transplantation of PHD2 shRNA-modified bone mesenchymal stem cells through ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction protects the heart from acute myocardial infarction"

    Article Title: Myocardium-targeted transplantation of PHD2 shRNA-modified bone mesenchymal stem cells through ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction protects the heart from acute myocardial infarction

    Journal: Theranostics

    doi: 10.7150/thno.43233

    Increased cardiac function and reduced infarct size via promoting angiogenesis after PHD2-shRNA-modified BMSC transplantation by UTMD. (A) Representative M-mode images of hearts with sham surgery or MI in the 4th week after BMSC transplantation by UTMD. (B-C) Left ventricle ejection fraction (LVFS) and left ventricle fractional shortening (LVEF) measured at the 4th week were highest in the MI-LV-shPHD2-GFP-BMSC group. (D) TTC staining of myocardial segments in each group. The survived myocardium is stained red and the infarcted myocardium is stained white. (E) Representative Masson's trichrome-stained histological sections from Sham, MI, MI-LV-GFP-BMSC, or MI-LV-shPHD2-GFP-BMSC groups at the 4th week. Bar, 200 μm. (F) The infarct size, expressed as a percentage of the total tissue area, was noticeably down-regulated in the MI-LV-shPHD2-GFP-BMS group in contrast to MI-LV-GFP-BMSC group. (G) Representative photomicrographs showing capillary density in various experimental groups by CD31 immunostaining on the day 28th after BMSCs transplantation by UTMD. Bar,50 μm. (H) Quantitative study of the numbers of capillary vessels in different treatment groups. There were significantly more capillary vessels in the MI-LV-shPHD2-EGFP-BMSC group compared to other groups. (I) Protein expression of VEGF and bFGF determined by Western blotting in ischemic myocardium from four groups, with GAPDH as the internal control. (J-K) Quantitative study of the expression levels of VEGF and bFGF in various treatment groups. The expression levels of VEGF and bFGF were highest in the MI-LV-shPHD2-EGFP-BMSC group. Values are mean ± SD. Significant differences was determined by using Student's t-test. N =10/group. * P
    Figure Legend Snippet: Increased cardiac function and reduced infarct size via promoting angiogenesis after PHD2-shRNA-modified BMSC transplantation by UTMD. (A) Representative M-mode images of hearts with sham surgery or MI in the 4th week after BMSC transplantation by UTMD. (B-C) Left ventricle ejection fraction (LVFS) and left ventricle fractional shortening (LVEF) measured at the 4th week were highest in the MI-LV-shPHD2-GFP-BMSC group. (D) TTC staining of myocardial segments in each group. The survived myocardium is stained red and the infarcted myocardium is stained white. (E) Representative Masson's trichrome-stained histological sections from Sham, MI, MI-LV-GFP-BMSC, or MI-LV-shPHD2-GFP-BMSC groups at the 4th week. Bar, 200 μm. (F) The infarct size, expressed as a percentage of the total tissue area, was noticeably down-regulated in the MI-LV-shPHD2-GFP-BMS group in contrast to MI-LV-GFP-BMSC group. (G) Representative photomicrographs showing capillary density in various experimental groups by CD31 immunostaining on the day 28th after BMSCs transplantation by UTMD. Bar,50 μm. (H) Quantitative study of the numbers of capillary vessels in different treatment groups. There were significantly more capillary vessels in the MI-LV-shPHD2-EGFP-BMSC group compared to other groups. (I) Protein expression of VEGF and bFGF determined by Western blotting in ischemic myocardium from four groups, with GAPDH as the internal control. (J-K) Quantitative study of the expression levels of VEGF and bFGF in various treatment groups. The expression levels of VEGF and bFGF were highest in the MI-LV-shPHD2-EGFP-BMSC group. Values are mean ± SD. Significant differences was determined by using Student's t-test. N =10/group. * P

    Techniques Used: shRNA, Modification, Transplantation Assay, Staining, Immunostaining, Expressing, Western Blot

    PHD2, HIF-1α, and angiogenic gene expression analysis after in vitro PHD2 gene silencing. (A) Fluorescence microscopic examination of gene-transferred BMSCs. In the Control group, no GFP-positive cells were detected. More than 90% of GFP-expressing cells were found in the LV-GFP and LV-shPHD2-GFP groups. Bar, 100μm. (B-C) RT-PCR showed that PHD2 expression was decreased and HIF-1α expression was up-regulated after BMSCs were transfected with LV-shPHD2-GFP. (D-F) Western blotting analysis of PHD2 and HIF-1α expression levels showing down-regulation of PHD2 and up-regulation of HIF-1α after BMSCs were transfected with LV-shPHD2-GFP. (G) Concentrations of VEGF in the CMs from different groups. VEGF protein had a higher level in the LV-shPHD2-GFP group as compared to Control and LV-GFP groups. (H) Concentrations of bFGF in the CMs from different groups. The level of bFGF protein was higher in the LV-shPHD2-GFP group as compared to Control and LV-GFP groups. Values are mean ± SD. Significant differences were determined by using one-way ANOVA. N = 6/group. * P
    Figure Legend Snippet: PHD2, HIF-1α, and angiogenic gene expression analysis after in vitro PHD2 gene silencing. (A) Fluorescence microscopic examination of gene-transferred BMSCs. In the Control group, no GFP-positive cells were detected. More than 90% of GFP-expressing cells were found in the LV-GFP and LV-shPHD2-GFP groups. Bar, 100μm. (B-C) RT-PCR showed that PHD2 expression was decreased and HIF-1α expression was up-regulated after BMSCs were transfected with LV-shPHD2-GFP. (D-F) Western blotting analysis of PHD2 and HIF-1α expression levels showing down-regulation of PHD2 and up-regulation of HIF-1α after BMSCs were transfected with LV-shPHD2-GFP. (G) Concentrations of VEGF in the CMs from different groups. VEGF protein had a higher level in the LV-shPHD2-GFP group as compared to Control and LV-GFP groups. (H) Concentrations of bFGF in the CMs from different groups. The level of bFGF protein was higher in the LV-shPHD2-GFP group as compared to Control and LV-GFP groups. Values are mean ± SD. Significant differences were determined by using one-way ANOVA. N = 6/group. * P

    Techniques Used: Expressing, In Vitro, Fluorescence, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Transfection, Western Blot

    31) Product Images from "Effects of different mesenchymal stromal cell sources and delivery routes in experimental emphysema"

    Article Title: Effects of different mesenchymal stromal cell sources and delivery routes in experimental emphysema

    Journal: Respiratory Research

    doi: 10.1186/s12931-014-0118-x

    Levels of KC ( A ), VEGF ( B ), and TGF-β ( C ) in lung tissue. C: control groups. E: emphysema groups. Mice were treated with saline (SAL), or bone marrow (BM), adipose (AD) and lung (L)-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). IV: intravenous route. IT: intratracheal route. Values are mean ± SD of 5–30 mice in each group. All values were computed in ten random, non-coincident fields per animal. *Vs. C group (p
    Figure Legend Snippet: Levels of KC ( A ), VEGF ( B ), and TGF-β ( C ) in lung tissue. C: control groups. E: emphysema groups. Mice were treated with saline (SAL), or bone marrow (BM), adipose (AD) and lung (L)-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). IV: intravenous route. IT: intratracheal route. Values are mean ± SD of 5–30 mice in each group. All values were computed in ten random, non-coincident fields per animal. *Vs. C group (p

    Techniques Used: Mouse Assay, Derivative Assay

    32) Product Images from "Prothymosin‐α enhances phosphatase and tensin homolog expression and binds with tripartite motif‐containing protein 21 to regulate Kelch‐like ECH‐associated protein 1/nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 signaling in human bladder cancer. Prothymosin‐α enhances phosphatase and tensin homolog expression and binds with tripartite motif‐containing protein 21 to regulate Kelch‐like ECH‐associated protein 1/nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 signaling in human bladder cancer"

    Article Title: Prothymosin‐α enhances phosphatase and tensin homolog expression and binds with tripartite motif‐containing protein 21 to regulate Kelch‐like ECH‐associated protein 1/nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 signaling in human bladder cancer. Prothymosin‐α enhances phosphatase and tensin homolog expression and binds with tripartite motif‐containing protein 21 to regulate Kelch‐like ECH‐associated protein 1/nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 signaling in human bladder cancer

    Journal: Cancer Science

    doi: 10.1111/cas.13963

    ∆ NLS PTMA protein expression promotes J82 xenograft tumor growth in mice and shortens mice survival. A, RT ‐ PCR assay for PTMA mRNA expression in human bladder cancer cell lines and immortalized urothelial cells SVHUC . B, Western blotting analysis for PTMA protein expression. C‐E, Immunohistochemical PTMA staining showed minimal or null expression in J82 cells (C), strong nuclear expression in TCCSUP (D) and mixed nuclear and cytoplasmic expression in BFTC 905 cells (E) (scale bar = 50 μm, ×320). F‐H, Immunohistochemical PTMA staining for xenograft of three J82 cell transfectant, J82‐ VO (F), J82‐ WT PTMA (G) and J82‐ ∆ NLS PTMA (H) (scale bar = 50 μm, ×320). I, Quantitative RT ‐ PCR assay for PTMA mRNA expression, and J, ELISA for VEGF content in three J82 cell transfectants. K, Tumor growth curves of three J82 transfectant xenografts in SCID mice, and L, mice survival. ELISA , enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay; PTMA , prothymosin‐α; RT ‐ PCR , reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; VEGF , vascular endothelial growth factor; VO , vector only; WT , wild type; ∆ NLS , deletion of nuclear localization signal. * P
    Figure Legend Snippet: ∆ NLS PTMA protein expression promotes J82 xenograft tumor growth in mice and shortens mice survival. A, RT ‐ PCR assay for PTMA mRNA expression in human bladder cancer cell lines and immortalized urothelial cells SVHUC . B, Western blotting analysis for PTMA protein expression. C‐E, Immunohistochemical PTMA staining showed minimal or null expression in J82 cells (C), strong nuclear expression in TCCSUP (D) and mixed nuclear and cytoplasmic expression in BFTC 905 cells (E) (scale bar = 50 μm, ×320). F‐H, Immunohistochemical PTMA staining for xenograft of three J82 cell transfectant, J82‐ VO (F), J82‐ WT PTMA (G) and J82‐ ∆ NLS PTMA (H) (scale bar = 50 μm, ×320). I, Quantitative RT ‐ PCR assay for PTMA mRNA expression, and J, ELISA for VEGF content in three J82 cell transfectants. K, Tumor growth curves of three J82 transfectant xenografts in SCID mice, and L, mice survival. ELISA , enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay; PTMA , prothymosin‐α; RT ‐ PCR , reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; VEGF , vascular endothelial growth factor; VO , vector only; WT , wild type; ∆ NLS , deletion of nuclear localization signal. * P

    Techniques Used: Expressing, Mouse Assay, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Western Blot, Immunohistochemistry, Staining, Transfection, Quantitative RT-PCR, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Plasmid Preparation

    33) Product Images from "Antibody/doxycycline combined therapy for pulmonary ricinosis: Attenuation of inflammation improves survival of ricin-intoxicated mice"

    Article Title: Antibody/doxycycline combined therapy for pulmonary ricinosis: Attenuation of inflammation improves survival of ricin-intoxicated mice

    Journal: Toxicology Reports

    doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2014.07.013

    Pathological and pro-inflammatory changes in the BALF of ricin intoxicated mice following treatment with α-ricin antibodies or with α-ricin antibodies and doxycycline. Mice were intranasally exposed to 7 μg/kg ricin and subjected to different treatment modes. (A) Ricin-intoxicated mice were treated with doxycycline immediately after intoxication and BALF collected at 72 h was monitored for IL-1β, IL-6, VEGF, ChE and XO. (B) Ricin-intoxicated mice were treated with doxycycline and/or anti-ricin antibodies and BALF collected at 72 h was monitored for MMP-9. (C) Ricin-intoxicated mice were treated with doxycycline and lungs were harvested at 72 h PE and weighed. Wet lung weight is presented as percent of total body weight. Error bars represent the standard error of the mean of the samples. * p
    Figure Legend Snippet: Pathological and pro-inflammatory changes in the BALF of ricin intoxicated mice following treatment with α-ricin antibodies or with α-ricin antibodies and doxycycline. Mice were intranasally exposed to 7 μg/kg ricin and subjected to different treatment modes. (A) Ricin-intoxicated mice were treated with doxycycline immediately after intoxication and BALF collected at 72 h was monitored for IL-1β, IL-6, VEGF, ChE and XO. (B) Ricin-intoxicated mice were treated with doxycycline and/or anti-ricin antibodies and BALF collected at 72 h was monitored for MMP-9. (C) Ricin-intoxicated mice were treated with doxycycline and lungs were harvested at 72 h PE and weighed. Wet lung weight is presented as percent of total body weight. Error bars represent the standard error of the mean of the samples. * p

    Techniques Used: Mouse Assay

    34) Product Images from "Targeted migration of mesenchymal stem cells modified with CXCR4 to acute failing liver improves liver regeneration"

    Article Title: Targeted migration of mesenchymal stem cells modified with CXCR4 to acute failing liver improves liver regeneration

    Journal: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG

    doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i40.14884

    Cell transplantation improved hepatocyte proliferation via growth factors. A: Levels of hepatocyte-generating factors (HGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF); B: Immunohistochemistry analyses of Ki67 expression in liver tissues; C: Quantitative
    Figure Legend Snippet: Cell transplantation improved hepatocyte proliferation via growth factors. A: Levels of hepatocyte-generating factors (HGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF); B: Immunohistochemistry analyses of Ki67 expression in liver tissues; C: Quantitative

    Techniques Used: Transplantation Assay, Immunohistochemistry, Expressing

    35) Product Images from "Reduced hind limb ischemia-reperfusion injury in Toll-like receptor-4 mutant mice is associated with decreased neutrophil extracellular traps"

    Article Title: Reduced hind limb ischemia-reperfusion injury in Toll-like receptor-4 mutant mice is associated with decreased neutrophil extracellular traps

    Journal: Journal of vascular surgery

    doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2013.02.241

    Quantitation of systemic markers of inflammation, KC, MCP-1 and VEGF. (a) TLR4m and WT mice had similar levels of the CXC cytokine KC. In contrast, (b) serum MCP-1 levels in TLR4m mice were significantly lower than WT mice following 48 hours of reperfusion
    Figure Legend Snippet: Quantitation of systemic markers of inflammation, KC, MCP-1 and VEGF. (a) TLR4m and WT mice had similar levels of the CXC cytokine KC. In contrast, (b) serum MCP-1 levels in TLR4m mice were significantly lower than WT mice following 48 hours of reperfusion

    Techniques Used: Quantitation Assay, Mouse Assay

    36) Product Images from "Bronchoabsorption; a novel bronchoscopic technique to improve biomarker sampling of the airway"

    Article Title: Bronchoabsorption; a novel bronchoscopic technique to improve biomarker sampling of the airway

    Journal: Respiratory Research

    doi: 10.1186/s12931-015-0268-5

    Levels of structural cytokines MMP-8 ( a ), MMP-9 ( b ) and VEGF ( c ) measured in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and bronchoabsorptive matrix exudate
    Figure Legend Snippet: Levels of structural cytokines MMP-8 ( a ), MMP-9 ( b ) and VEGF ( c ) measured in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and bronchoabsorptive matrix exudate

    Techniques Used:

    37) Product Images from "Anti-Tumor Effect of Steamed Codonopsis lanceolata in H22 Tumor-Bearing Mice and Its Possible Mechanism"

    Article Title: Anti-Tumor Effect of Steamed Codonopsis lanceolata in H22 Tumor-Bearing Mice and Its Possible Mechanism

    Journal: Nutrients

    doi: 10.3390/nu7105395

    Effects of steamed C . lanceolata (SCL) on the levels of serum cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) ( A ), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) ( B ), interleukin-2 (IL-2) ( C ), interleukin-6 (IL-6) ( D ) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) ( E ) in H22 tumor-bearing mice. All data were expressed as the mean ± standard deviation (SD), n = 10. * p
    Figure Legend Snippet: Effects of steamed C . lanceolata (SCL) on the levels of serum cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) ( A ), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) ( B ), interleukin-2 (IL-2) ( C ), interleukin-6 (IL-6) ( D ) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) ( E ) in H22 tumor-bearing mice. All data were expressed as the mean ± standard deviation (SD), n = 10. * p

    Techniques Used: Mouse Assay, Standard Deviation

    38) Product Images from "Interleukin-1 primes human mesenchymal stem cells towards an anti-inflammatory and pro-trophic phenotype in vitro"

    Article Title: Interleukin-1 primes human mesenchymal stem cells towards an anti-inflammatory and pro-trophic phenotype in vitro

    Journal: Stem Cell Research & Therapy

    doi: 10.1186/s13287-017-0531-4

    Constitutive secretion. MSCs express several anti-inflammatory cytokines and trophic factors under basal conditions ( n = 3 experiments/donor), as measured by ELISA. Measurements of BDNF ( a ), NGF ( b ), G-CSF ( c ), IL-10 ( d ), VEGF ( e ) and IL-1Ra ( f ) in MSCs derived from the three different donors. BDNF brain-derived neurotrophic factor, G-CSF granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, IL interleukin, IL-1Ra interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, nd not detectable, NGF nerve growth factor, VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor
    Figure Legend Snippet: Constitutive secretion. MSCs express several anti-inflammatory cytokines and trophic factors under basal conditions ( n = 3 experiments/donor), as measured by ELISA. Measurements of BDNF ( a ), NGF ( b ), G-CSF ( c ), IL-10 ( d ), VEGF ( e ) and IL-1Ra ( f ) in MSCs derived from the three different donors. BDNF brain-derived neurotrophic factor, G-CSF granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, IL interleukin, IL-1Ra interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, nd not detectable, NGF nerve growth factor, VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor

    Techniques Used: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Derivative Assay

    39) Product Images from "Interleukin-7 levels in synovial fluid increase with age and MMP-1 levels decrease with progression of osteoarthritis"

    Article Title: Interleukin-7 levels in synovial fluid increase with age and MMP-1 levels decrease with progression of osteoarthritis

    Journal: Acta Orthopaedica

    doi: 10.3109/17453674.2011.645195

    Levels of IL-7, VEGF, and MMP-1 in SF of patients classified into 3 OA-grading groups (grade 0, grade 1 or 2, and grade 3 or 4) or 3 age groups (
    Figure Legend Snippet: Levels of IL-7, VEGF, and MMP-1 in SF of patients classified into 3 OA-grading groups (grade 0, grade 1 or 2, and grade 3 or 4) or 3 age groups (

    Techniques Used:

    40) Product Images from "Low Molecular Weight Heparin and Aspirin Exacerbate Human Endometrial Endothelial Cell Responses to Antiphospholipid Antibodies"

    Article Title: Low Molecular Weight Heparin and Aspirin Exacerbate Human Endometrial Endothelial Cell Responses to Antiphospholipid Antibodies

    Journal: American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989)

    doi: 10.1111/aji.12785

    Effect of aPL on HUVEC angiogenic factor and chemokine secretion HEECs were treated with no treatment (NT), aPL, or control IgG. Data are pooled from 3 independent experiments. Box plots show secreted levels of VEGF; PlGF; sFlt-1; sEndoglin; MCP-1; G-CSF; GRO-α; IL-8; and GM-CSF as determined by ELISA. * p
    Figure Legend Snippet: Effect of aPL on HUVEC angiogenic factor and chemokine secretion HEECs were treated with no treatment (NT), aPL, or control IgG. Data are pooled from 3 independent experiments. Box plots show secreted levels of VEGF; PlGF; sFlt-1; sEndoglin; MCP-1; G-CSF; GRO-α; IL-8; and GM-CSF as determined by ELISA. * p

    Techniques Used: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

    Effect of TLR4 inhibition on aPL-induced HEEC angiogenic factor and chemokine secretion HEECs were treated with no treatment (NT) or aPL in the presence of media or LPS-RS. Supernatants were measured by ELISA for: VEGF; PlGF; sFlt-1; MCP-1; G-CSF; and GRO-α. Data are pooled from 3 independent experiments. * p
    Figure Legend Snippet: Effect of TLR4 inhibition on aPL-induced HEEC angiogenic factor and chemokine secretion HEECs were treated with no treatment (NT) or aPL in the presence of media or LPS-RS. Supernatants were measured by ELISA for: VEGF; PlGF; sFlt-1; MCP-1; G-CSF; and GRO-α. Data are pooled from 3 independent experiments. * p

    Techniques Used: Inhibition, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

    Effect of aPL on HEEC angiogenic factor and chemokine secretion HEECs were treated with no treatment (NT), aPL, or control IgG. Data are pooled from 9 independent experiments. Box plots show secreted levels of VEGF; PlGF; sFlt-1; sEndoglin; MCP-1; G-CSF; GRO-α; IL-8; and GM-CSF as determined by ELISA and multiplex analysis. * p
    Figure Legend Snippet: Effect of aPL on HEEC angiogenic factor and chemokine secretion HEECs were treated with no treatment (NT), aPL, or control IgG. Data are pooled from 9 independent experiments. Box plots show secreted levels of VEGF; PlGF; sFlt-1; sEndoglin; MCP-1; G-CSF; GRO-α; IL-8; and GM-CSF as determined by ELISA and multiplex analysis. * p

    Techniques Used: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Multiplex Assay

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    Sandwich ELISA:

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    Cell Culture:

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    Mouse Assay:

    Article Title: Adipose Stromal Cells Amplify Angiogenic Signaling via the VEGF/mTOR/Akt Pathway in a Murine Hindlimb Ischemia Model: A 3D Multimodality Imaging Study
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    Chemotactic Migration of EPCs toward mRNA-Engineered EPCs 1 × 10 5 murine EPCs were cultivated overnight, and then they were transfected with 1.6 μg <t>ANG-1,</t> 0.8 μg <t>VEGF-A,</t> or 0.5 μg SDF-1α mRNA or with an mRNA cocktail containing 1.6 μg ANG-1, 0.8 μg VEGF-A, and 0.5 μg SDF-1α mRNA. Migration behavior of untreated EPCs (5 × 10 4 ) seeded on transwell inserts toward mRNA-transfected EPCs was analyzed using a chemotactic migration assay. As a control, EPCs incubated with medium or medium containing transfection reagent (TR) were used. After 6 hr, migrated EPCs through 8-μm transwell inserts were stained with DAPI, and cell numbers were calculated using ImageJ software. Scale bars represent 100 μm. Results are shown as mean + SEM (n = 4). Statistical differences were determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni multiple comparison test (***p
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    Chemotactic Migration of EPCs toward mRNA-Engineered EPCs 1 × 10 5 murine EPCs were cultivated overnight, and then they were transfected with 1.6 μg ANG-1, 0.8 μg VEGF-A, or 0.5 μg SDF-1α mRNA or with an mRNA cocktail containing 1.6 μg ANG-1, 0.8 μg VEGF-A, and 0.5 μg SDF-1α mRNA. Migration behavior of untreated EPCs (5 × 10 4 ) seeded on transwell inserts toward mRNA-transfected EPCs was analyzed using a chemotactic migration assay. As a control, EPCs incubated with medium or medium containing transfection reagent (TR) were used. After 6 hr, migrated EPCs through 8-μm transwell inserts were stained with DAPI, and cell numbers were calculated using ImageJ software. Scale bars represent 100 μm. Results are shown as mean + SEM (n = 4). Statistical differences were determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni multiple comparison test (***p

    Journal: Molecular Therapy. Nucleic Acids

    Article Title: Improving the Angiogenic Potential of EPCs via Engineering with Synthetic Modified mRNAs

    doi: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.09.005

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Chemotactic Migration of EPCs toward mRNA-Engineered EPCs 1 × 10 5 murine EPCs were cultivated overnight, and then they were transfected with 1.6 μg ANG-1, 0.8 μg VEGF-A, or 0.5 μg SDF-1α mRNA or with an mRNA cocktail containing 1.6 μg ANG-1, 0.8 μg VEGF-A, and 0.5 μg SDF-1α mRNA. Migration behavior of untreated EPCs (5 × 10 4 ) seeded on transwell inserts toward mRNA-transfected EPCs was analyzed using a chemotactic migration assay. As a control, EPCs incubated with medium or medium containing transfection reagent (TR) were used. After 6 hr, migrated EPCs through 8-μm transwell inserts were stained with DAPI, and cell numbers were calculated using ImageJ software. Scale bars represent 100 μm. Results are shown as mean + SEM (n = 4). Statistical differences were determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni multiple comparison test (***p

    Article Snippet: The concentrations of ANG-1, VEGF-A, and SDF-1α were determined as duplicate in 100 μL using human ANG-1, CXCL-12/SDF-1α, and VEGF-A DuoSet ELISA (R & D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA), according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

    Techniques: Migration, Transfection, Incubation, Staining, Software

    Analysis of Wound-Healing Capacity of mRNA-Engineered EPCs via Wound Scratch Migration Assay 1 × 10 5 murine EPCs were cultivated overnight, and then they were transfected with 1.6 μg ANG-1, 0.8 μg VEGF-A, or 0.5 μg SDF-1α mRNA or with an mRNA cocktail containing 1.6 μg ANG-1, 0.8 μg VEGF-A, and 0.5 μg SDF-1α mRNA. The next day, cells were detached, and 28,000 EPCs with or without mRNA transfection were seeded in each chamber of Culture-Insert 3 wells in μ-dishes. After 5 hr, when the cells completely attached and covered the surface, an open wound field was generated. Immediately after the generation of wound areas (0 hr) and after 12, 24, and 36 hr, phase-contrast images were taken and closed wound areas were calculated using Tscratch software. Scale bar represents 500 μm. Results are shown as mean + SD (n = 8). Statistical differences were determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni multiple comparison test (*p

    Journal: Molecular Therapy. Nucleic Acids

    Article Title: Improving the Angiogenic Potential of EPCs via Engineering with Synthetic Modified mRNAs

    doi: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.09.005

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Analysis of Wound-Healing Capacity of mRNA-Engineered EPCs via Wound Scratch Migration Assay 1 × 10 5 murine EPCs were cultivated overnight, and then they were transfected with 1.6 μg ANG-1, 0.8 μg VEGF-A, or 0.5 μg SDF-1α mRNA or with an mRNA cocktail containing 1.6 μg ANG-1, 0.8 μg VEGF-A, and 0.5 μg SDF-1α mRNA. The next day, cells were detached, and 28,000 EPCs with or without mRNA transfection were seeded in each chamber of Culture-Insert 3 wells in μ-dishes. After 5 hr, when the cells completely attached and covered the surface, an open wound field was generated. Immediately after the generation of wound areas (0 hr) and after 12, 24, and 36 hr, phase-contrast images were taken and closed wound areas were calculated using Tscratch software. Scale bar represents 500 μm. Results are shown as mean + SD (n = 8). Statistical differences were determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni multiple comparison test (*p

    Article Snippet: The concentrations of ANG-1, VEGF-A, and SDF-1α were determined as duplicate in 100 μL using human ANG-1, CXCL-12/SDF-1α, and VEGF-A DuoSet ELISA (R & D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA), according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

    Techniques: Migration, Transfection, Generated, Software

    Expression of ANG-1, VEGF-A, and SDF-1α after the Transfection of Synthetic mRNA into Murine EPCs 1 × 10 5 EPCs were seeded and transfected the next day with (A) 1.6 μg ANG-1, 0.8 μg VEGF-A, or 0.5 μg SDF-1α mRNA or with (B) an mRNA cocktail containing 1.6 μg ANG-1, 0.8 μg VEGF-A, and 0.5 μg SDF-1α mRNA. The protein expression was analyzed in supernatants 24 hr after the transfection using ELISA. Cells treated with only medium or medium and transfection reagent (TR) served as negative controls. Results are shown as mean + SEM (n = 4). Statistical differences were determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni multiple comparison test (****p

    Journal: Molecular Therapy. Nucleic Acids

    Article Title: Improving the Angiogenic Potential of EPCs via Engineering with Synthetic Modified mRNAs

    doi: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.09.005

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Expression of ANG-1, VEGF-A, and SDF-1α after the Transfection of Synthetic mRNA into Murine EPCs 1 × 10 5 EPCs were seeded and transfected the next day with (A) 1.6 μg ANG-1, 0.8 μg VEGF-A, or 0.5 μg SDF-1α mRNA or with (B) an mRNA cocktail containing 1.6 μg ANG-1, 0.8 μg VEGF-A, and 0.5 μg SDF-1α mRNA. The protein expression was analyzed in supernatants 24 hr after the transfection using ELISA. Cells treated with only medium or medium and transfection reagent (TR) served as negative controls. Results are shown as mean + SEM (n = 4). Statistical differences were determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni multiple comparison test (****p

    Article Snippet: The concentrations of ANG-1, VEGF-A, and SDF-1α were determined as duplicate in 100 μL using human ANG-1, CXCL-12/SDF-1α, and VEGF-A DuoSet ELISA (R & D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA), according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

    Techniques: Expressing, Transfection, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

    Analysis of In Vivo Angiogenetic Potential of mRNA-Engineered EPCs in Chick Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay (A) Schematic representation of the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. ANG-1, SDF-1α, and VEGF-A mRNA-transfected and untreated cells (medium or medium containing transfection reagent [TR]) were applied in silicone rings (8-mm inner diameter) onto the CAMs at the ninth day of incubation at 37°C and 60% humidity. At the fourth day of incubation, the CAMs were fixed and excised. (B) Analysis of the region of the inner ring circle with Wimasis WimCAM image software to quantify angiogenesis. Scale bar of photographs (upper) and analyzed pictures (lower) represents 2.7 mm. (C) Quantification of angiogenesis using Wimasis WimCAM web-based service. The vessel density, total branching points, total vessel network length, and total segments were quantified and compared to the medium control. Results are shown as mean + SD (n = 3). Statistical differences were determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni multiple comparison test (**p

    Journal: Molecular Therapy. Nucleic Acids

    Article Title: Improving the Angiogenic Potential of EPCs via Engineering with Synthetic Modified mRNAs

    doi: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.09.005

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Analysis of In Vivo Angiogenetic Potential of mRNA-Engineered EPCs in Chick Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay (A) Schematic representation of the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. ANG-1, SDF-1α, and VEGF-A mRNA-transfected and untreated cells (medium or medium containing transfection reagent [TR]) were applied in silicone rings (8-mm inner diameter) onto the CAMs at the ninth day of incubation at 37°C and 60% humidity. At the fourth day of incubation, the CAMs were fixed and excised. (B) Analysis of the region of the inner ring circle with Wimasis WimCAM image software to quantify angiogenesis. Scale bar of photographs (upper) and analyzed pictures (lower) represents 2.7 mm. (C) Quantification of angiogenesis using Wimasis WimCAM web-based service. The vessel density, total branching points, total vessel network length, and total segments were quantified and compared to the medium control. Results are shown as mean + SD (n = 3). Statistical differences were determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni multiple comparison test (**p

    Article Snippet: The concentrations of ANG-1, VEGF-A, and SDF-1α were determined as duplicate in 100 μL using human ANG-1, CXCL-12/SDF-1α, and VEGF-A DuoSet ELISA (R & D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA), according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

    Techniques: In Vivo, Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay, Transfection, Incubation, Software

    Influence of mRNA Transfection on the Viability of Murine EPCs 1 × 10 5 EPCs were transfected with 1.6 μg ANG-1, 0.8 μg VEGF-A, or 0.5 μg SDF-1α mRNA or with an mRNA cocktail containing 1.6 μg ANG-1, 0.8 μg VEGF-A, and 0.5 μg SDF-1α mRNA. Viability was determined 24 hr post-transfection using PrestoBlue assay. The viability of cells incubated with Opti-MEM (medium) was set to 100%, and the viability of samples was expressed relative to these cells. The data are shown as mean + SEM (n = 3). No statistically significant differences were determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni multiple comparison test.

    Journal: Molecular Therapy. Nucleic Acids

    Article Title: Improving the Angiogenic Potential of EPCs via Engineering with Synthetic Modified mRNAs

    doi: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.09.005

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Influence of mRNA Transfection on the Viability of Murine EPCs 1 × 10 5 EPCs were transfected with 1.6 μg ANG-1, 0.8 μg VEGF-A, or 0.5 μg SDF-1α mRNA or with an mRNA cocktail containing 1.6 μg ANG-1, 0.8 μg VEGF-A, and 0.5 μg SDF-1α mRNA. Viability was determined 24 hr post-transfection using PrestoBlue assay. The viability of cells incubated with Opti-MEM (medium) was set to 100%, and the viability of samples was expressed relative to these cells. The data are shown as mean + SEM (n = 3). No statistically significant differences were determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni multiple comparison test.

    Article Snippet: The concentrations of ANG-1, VEGF-A, and SDF-1α were determined as duplicate in 100 μL using human ANG-1, CXCL-12/SDF-1α, and VEGF-A DuoSet ELISA (R & D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA), according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

    Techniques: Transfection, Prestoblue Assay, Incubation

    Quality Control of the Generated PCR Products and In Vitro -Transcribed mRNAs ANG-1-, SDF-1α-, and VEGF-A-encoding mRNAs were synthesized and modified with 3′-PolyA 120 tail, 5′-ARCA, 100% m5CTP, 100% Ψ-UTP, and post-transcriptional phosphatase treatment. The specific lengths of the amplified DNA and the synthetic mRNA were detected using 1% agarose gel electrophoresis and GelRed staining at approximately 1.8 kb for ANG-1, 0.6 kb for SDF-1α, and 0.9 kb for VEGF-A. The 0.08- to 10-kb range mix DNA ladder and the 0.5- to 10-kb RNA ladder were used as length markers (Ms).

    Journal: Molecular Therapy. Nucleic Acids

    Article Title: Improving the Angiogenic Potential of EPCs via Engineering with Synthetic Modified mRNAs

    doi: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.09.005

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Quality Control of the Generated PCR Products and In Vitro -Transcribed mRNAs ANG-1-, SDF-1α-, and VEGF-A-encoding mRNAs were synthesized and modified with 3′-PolyA 120 tail, 5′-ARCA, 100% m5CTP, 100% Ψ-UTP, and post-transcriptional phosphatase treatment. The specific lengths of the amplified DNA and the synthetic mRNA were detected using 1% agarose gel electrophoresis and GelRed staining at approximately 1.8 kb for ANG-1, 0.6 kb for SDF-1α, and 0.9 kb for VEGF-A. The 0.08- to 10-kb range mix DNA ladder and the 0.5- to 10-kb RNA ladder were used as length markers (Ms).

    Article Snippet: The concentrations of ANG-1, VEGF-A, and SDF-1α were determined as duplicate in 100 μL using human ANG-1, CXCL-12/SDF-1α, and VEGF-A DuoSet ELISA (R & D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA), according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

    Techniques: Generated, Polymerase Chain Reaction, In Vitro, Synthesized, Modification, Amplification, Agarose Gel Electrophoresis, Staining, Mass Spectrometry

    Analysis of Angiogenic Potential of mRNA-Engineered EPCs by Tube Formation Assay 1 × 10 5 murine EPCs were cultivated overnight, and then they were transfected with 1.6 μg ANG-1, 0.8 μg VEGF-A, or 0.5 μg SDF-1α mRNA or with an mRNA cocktail containing 1.6 μg ANG-1, 0.8 μg VEGF-A, and 0.5 μg SDF-1α mRNA. After 24 hr, EPCs were detached and 1 × 10 4 EPCs were seeded on Matrigel-coated angiogenesis slides. After 4 hr of incubation at 37°C, the formation of tubes was examined by phase-contrast microscopy. Microscopic images were analyzed using NIH ImageJ software with Angiogenesis Analyzer plugin, and segments are shown in magenta, master segments in orange, branches in green, and meshes in blue. The numbers (Nb) of nodes, segments, and master segments and the total (Tot.) segment length, total mesh area, and branching interval were quantified and compared to the medium control. The unit of area and length is pixel (px). Scale bars represent 100 μm. Results are shown as mean + SD (n = 3). Statistical differences were determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni multiple comparison test (*p

    Journal: Molecular Therapy. Nucleic Acids

    Article Title: Improving the Angiogenic Potential of EPCs via Engineering with Synthetic Modified mRNAs

    doi: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.09.005

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Analysis of Angiogenic Potential of mRNA-Engineered EPCs by Tube Formation Assay 1 × 10 5 murine EPCs were cultivated overnight, and then they were transfected with 1.6 μg ANG-1, 0.8 μg VEGF-A, or 0.5 μg SDF-1α mRNA or with an mRNA cocktail containing 1.6 μg ANG-1, 0.8 μg VEGF-A, and 0.5 μg SDF-1α mRNA. After 24 hr, EPCs were detached and 1 × 10 4 EPCs were seeded on Matrigel-coated angiogenesis slides. After 4 hr of incubation at 37°C, the formation of tubes was examined by phase-contrast microscopy. Microscopic images were analyzed using NIH ImageJ software with Angiogenesis Analyzer plugin, and segments are shown in magenta, master segments in orange, branches in green, and meshes in blue. The numbers (Nb) of nodes, segments, and master segments and the total (Tot.) segment length, total mesh area, and branching interval were quantified and compared to the medium control. The unit of area and length is pixel (px). Scale bars represent 100 μm. Results are shown as mean + SD (n = 3). Statistical differences were determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni multiple comparison test (*p

    Article Snippet: The concentrations of ANG-1, VEGF-A, and SDF-1α were determined as duplicate in 100 μL using human ANG-1, CXCL-12/SDF-1α, and VEGF-A DuoSet ELISA (R & D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA), according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

    Techniques: Tube Formation Assay, Transfection, Incubation, Microscopy, Software

    ELISA analysis of the secretion of the angiogenic factor secreted by the rat adipose-derived stem cells (rADSCs) on the modified scaffolds. a Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), b hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and c basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) secretion by the rADSCs after 7 and 14 days ( n = 6). Note that rADSCs on the PRP+PM and PM scaffolds secreted significantly more angiogenic factors including VEGF, HGF and bFGF than those on the PU and PRP scaffolds ( p

    Journal: Stem Cell Research & Therapy

    Article Title: Argon plasma surface modification promotes the therapeutic angiogenesis and tissue formation of tissue-engineered scaffolds in vivo by adipose-derived stem cells

    doi: 10.1186/s13287-019-1195-z

    Figure Lengend Snippet: ELISA analysis of the secretion of the angiogenic factor secreted by the rat adipose-derived stem cells (rADSCs) on the modified scaffolds. a Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), b hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and c basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) secretion by the rADSCs after 7 and 14 days ( n = 6). Note that rADSCs on the PRP+PM and PM scaffolds secreted significantly more angiogenic factors including VEGF, HGF and bFGF than those on the PU and PRP scaffolds ( p

    Article Snippet: Quantification of the secretion of the angiogenic growth factors using ELISA Firstly, the angiogenic response of the rADSCs was assessed by quantification of angiogenic growth factors, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), using sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA; Quantikine, R & D System, Abingdon, UK) on days 7 and 14 of culture (n = 6).

    Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Derivative Assay, Modification

    (A) New vessels (arrows) close to the anterior surface of the pupillary margin of the iris in an eye with NVI (von Willebrand factor), and (B) the same eye showing bFGF expression in some of the stromal cells (arrows). (C) Positivity of the ciliary body epithelium (arrowheads) and smooth muscle (arrow) for VEGF-A. (D) Attached retina adjacent to uveal melanoma showing mild positivity for VEGF-A, with strong positivity in ganglion cells. (E) Strong VEGF-A positivity in detached retina with considerable atrophy. (F) bFGF expression in atrophic retina. Artefactual detachment of the retina is easily determined histologically by the presence of pigment granules in retinal pigment epithelium processes stripped with the retina forming a line along the base of the photoreceptor outer segments: the detachments shown in both (E) and (F) were tumour related. (G–I) Negative controls for von Willebrand factor, VEGF-A, and bFGF respectively. (All original magnifications ×400 unless otherwise stated: scale bars = 100 μm.)

    Journal: The British Journal of Ophthalmology

    Article Title: Vascular endothelial growth factor is elevated in ocular fluids of eyes harbouring uveal melanoma: identification of a potential therapeutic window

    doi:

    Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) New vessels (arrows) close to the anterior surface of the pupillary margin of the iris in an eye with NVI (von Willebrand factor), and (B) the same eye showing bFGF expression in some of the stromal cells (arrows). (C) Positivity of the ciliary body epithelium (arrowheads) and smooth muscle (arrow) for VEGF-A. (D) Attached retina adjacent to uveal melanoma showing mild positivity for VEGF-A, with strong positivity in ganglion cells. (E) Strong VEGF-A positivity in detached retina with considerable atrophy. (F) bFGF expression in atrophic retina. Artefactual detachment of the retina is easily determined histologically by the presence of pigment granules in retinal pigment epithelium processes stripped with the retina forming a line along the base of the photoreceptor outer segments: the detachments shown in both (E) and (F) were tumour related. (G–I) Negative controls for von Willebrand factor, VEGF-A, and bFGF respectively. (All original magnifications ×400 unless otherwise stated: scale bars = 100 μm.)

    Article Snippet: ELISAs for VEGF-A and bFGF were performed using commercially available kits (R & D Systems, Abingdon, Oxford, UK) according to the manufacturer's instructions.

    Techniques: Expressing

    VEGF levels in (A) aqueous and (B) vitreous, showing high levels in most patients with NVI.

    Journal: The British Journal of Ophthalmology

    Article Title: Vascular endothelial growth factor is elevated in ocular fluids of eyes harbouring uveal melanoma: identification of a potential therapeutic window

    doi:

    Figure Lengend Snippet: VEGF levels in (A) aqueous and (B) vitreous, showing high levels in most patients with NVI.

    Article Snippet: ELISAs for VEGF-A and bFGF were performed using commercially available kits (R & D Systems, Abingdon, Oxford, UK) according to the manufacturer's instructions.

    Techniques:

    Intracellular Ca 2+ measurements, VEGF-A release, and proliferation in response to ANG II in angiomyolipoma cells. A : representative tracings of intracellular Ca 2+ concentration ([Ca 2+ ] i ) responses to ANG II (1 μM) in TRI102 and TRI103 cells. B : measurements of changes in [Ca 2+ ] i (calculated as the maximum fura-2 ratio value after treatment minus the average baseline ratio value) in the presence or absence of the ARB valsartan (Val; 1 μM). Values are expressed as means ± SE. *** P

    Journal: American Journal of Physiology - Renal Physiology

    Article Title: Evidence for pericyte origin of TSC-associated renal angiomyolipomas and implications for angiotensin receptor inhibition therapy

    doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00569.2013

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Intracellular Ca 2+ measurements, VEGF-A release, and proliferation in response to ANG II in angiomyolipoma cells. A : representative tracings of intracellular Ca 2+ concentration ([Ca 2+ ] i ) responses to ANG II (1 μM) in TRI102 and TRI103 cells. B : measurements of changes in [Ca 2+ ] i (calculated as the maximum fura-2 ratio value after treatment minus the average baseline ratio value) in the presence or absence of the ARB valsartan (Val; 1 μM). Values are expressed as means ± SE. *** P

    Article Snippet: After 24 h of treatment, conditioned media were collected, and VEGF-A levels were determined by ELISA according to the manufacturer's specifications (R & D Systems).

    Techniques: Concentration Assay