Journal: Microorganisms

Article Title: rs1051838 Promotes Intracellular Survival of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra by Regulating DUSP14 Expression

doi: 10.3390/microorganisms14071588

Figure Lengend Snippet: DUSP14 negatively regulates JNK phosphorylation during Mtb infection. ( A ) JNK phosphorylation levels in DUSP14-knockdown macrophages at different time points (0, 15, 30, 60, and 120 min) after H37Ra infection (MOI = 10), as determined by Western blot. Knockdown of DUSP14 significantly increased JNK phosphorylation compared with the control. ( B ) JNK phosphorylation levels in DUSP14-overexpressing macrophages after H37Ra infection (MOI = 10) at the indicated time points. Overexpression of DUSP14 significantly decreased JNK phosphorylation compared with the control. ( C ) JNK phosphorylation levels in Mtb -infected macrophages treated with or without PTP Inhibitor IV. Treatment with PTP Inhibitor IV significantly increased JNK phosphorylation compared with the untreated control, mimicking the effect of DUSP14 knockdown. Western blots shown are representative of three independent experiments. Data are presented as mean ± SD ( n = 3). ns, p > 0.05; and ****, p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: To inhibit DUSP14 phosphatase activity, THP-1-derived macrophages were pretreated with PTP Inhibitor IV (MedChemExpress, NJ, USA) at a concentration of 50 μM for 30 min, followed by H37Ra infection (MOI = 10).

Techniques: Phospho-proteomics, Infection, Knockdown, Western Blot, Control, Over Expression

Journal: Science Advances

Article Title: Transforming cisplatin into targeted photothermal chemotherapeutics through the platinum-phosphate coordination within a hyaluronan nanogel

doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adz7615

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Schematic illustration of the HA/PtP preparation. HA/Cis nanogel was prepared without introduction of PB. ( B ) TEM images of HA/PtP nanogels. ( C ) HRTEM images of HA/PtP nanogels. ( D ) TEM images of HA/PtP nanogels by negative staining with uranyl acetate. ( E ) STEM images and element mapping of HA/PtP nanogels. Blue, Pt; red, P; aqua, N; claybank, O. ( F ) XPS spectra of HA/PtP nanogels. High-resolution ( G ) P 2p and ( H ) Pt 4f XPS spectra of HA/PtP nanogels. ( I ) The UV-vis absorption spectra of HA/PtP nanogels with various concentrations (Pt element, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 μg/ml). ( J and K ) The photothermal heating curves and corresponding thermal images of HA/PtP solutions at different concentrations (Pt element, 0, 5, 10, 25, and 50 μg/ml) irradiated by an 808-nm laser (0.8 W/cm 2 ). ( L ) Photothermal heating curves of an HA/PtP solution (Pt element, 50 μg/ml) under an 808-nm laser irradiation at different power densities (0.36, 0.56, 0.76, 0.97, and 1.37 W/cm 2 ). ( M ) Photostability of HA/PtP solutions (Pt element, 50 μg/ml) under an 808-nm laser irradiation at 0.8 W/cm 2 . a.u., arbitrary unit.

Article Snippet: TEM and STEM images of HA/PtP nanogels were observed on a TEM microscope (JEM-F200, JEOL, Japan).

Techniques: Negative Staining, Irradiation

Journal: Science Advances

Article Title: Transforming cisplatin into targeted photothermal chemotherapeutics through the platinum-phosphate coordination within a hyaluronan nanogel

doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adz7615

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) The snapshots of HA/PtP from MD simulation wherein the nanoparticles were zoomed up to show the structure details. ( B ) Time-dependent snapshots from MD simulation of nanogels formed by HA, Cis, and HPO4 2− under alkaline condition. ( C ) Total number of hydrogen bonds in an acidic/alkaline system. ( D and E ) The SASA and relative SASA in an acidic/alkaline system. ( F ) TEM images of HA/PtP nanogels after incubation in PBS (pH 7, 5) for 24 hours. Scale bar, 50 nm ( G ) Cumulative drug release curves of HA/PtP in PBS (pH 7, 5) and PBS (pH 5) with HAase (50 U/ml) at 37°C. ( H ) The UV-vis absorption spectra of the Cis-OPDA reaction products. After the release experiments in different pHs, the dialysates were reacted with OPDA. The peak around 705 nm is ascribed to the coordination products between Cis and OPDA.

Article Snippet: TEM and STEM images of HA/PtP nanogels were observed on a TEM microscope (JEM-F200, JEOL, Japan).

Techniques: Incubation

Journal: Science Advances

Article Title: Transforming cisplatin into targeted photothermal chemotherapeutics through the platinum-phosphate coordination within a hyaluronan nanogel

doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adz7615

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Cellular uptake of labeled HA/PtP nanogels in 4T1 cells with or without HA competition after different incubation times ( n = 3). ( B ) Representative FACS graphs of HA/PtP uptake in 4T1 cells after the CD44 small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection. Con, control; NC siRNA, negative control siRNA. ( C ) Relative fluorescence intensity of cells treated by fluorescently labeled HA/PtP after the CD44 knockdown ( n = 3). ( D ) Intracellular distribution of labeled HA/PtP nanogels in 4T1 cells after 6, 24, and 48 hours by fluorescence microscopy. Scale bar, 50 μm. ( E ) TEM images of 4T1 cells that were continuously incubated with HA/PtP nanogels for different time. ( F ) Representative images of immunofluorescence staining of Cis-DNA adducts in 4T1 cells after being incubated with HA/PtP and Cis for 12 hours. Scale bar, 25 μm. ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001.

Article Snippet: TEM and STEM images of HA/PtP nanogels were observed on a TEM microscope (JEM-F200, JEOL, Japan).

Techniques: Labeling, Incubation, Small Interfering RNA, Transfection, Control, Negative Control, Fluorescence, Knockdown, Microscopy, Immunofluorescence, Staining

Journal: Science Advances

Article Title: Transforming cisplatin into targeted photothermal chemotherapeutics through the platinum-phosphate coordination within a hyaluronan nanogel

doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adz7615

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A and B ) Cell viabilities of 4T1 cells incubated with HA/PtP nanogels or Cis at diverse concentration (Pt element, 0, 10, 25, 50, and 100 μg/ml) with or without an 808-nm laser irradiation (1.2 W/cm 2 , 5 min) ( n = 3). ( C ) Fluorescence microscopy images of 4T1 cells with different treatments. The cells were stained with calcein-AM (green, live cells) and PI (red, dead cells). Scale bar, 150 μm. ( D ) Representative FACS graphs for apoptosis staining of cells after different treatments for 12 hours ( n = 4). ( E )The formation of Cis-DNA adducts in 4T1 cells after different treatments for 12 hours, and ( F ) corresponding relative intensity by FACS ( n = 4). ( G ) The formation of γ-H2AX in 4T1 cells after different treatments for 12 hours, and ( H ) corresponding relative intensity by FACS. * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001; **** P < 0.0001. ns, not significant.

Article Snippet: TEM and STEM images of HA/PtP nanogels were observed on a TEM microscope (JEM-F200, JEOL, Japan).

Techniques: Incubation, Concentration Assay, Irradiation, Fluorescence, Microscopy, Staining

Journal: Science Advances

Article Title: Transforming cisplatin into targeted photothermal chemotherapeutics through the platinum-phosphate coordination within a hyaluronan nanogel

doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adz7615

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Infrared thermography of 4T1 tumor-bearing mice after being injected with PBS, Cis, and HA/PtP nanogels (Pt, 5 mg/kg) under an 808-nm laser irradiation (0.8 W/cm 2 ). ( B ) Representative fluorescence imaging of the 4T1 tumor-bearing mice at different time points after intravenous injection of Cy5-labeled HA/PtP nanogels (HA/PtP-Cy5) and free Cy5 (Pt, 5 mg/kg), and ( C ) corresponding quantification of the tumoral fluorescence ( n = 3). ( D ) Ex vivo fluorescence imaging of the major organs after the systematic administration with different formulations for 48 hours, and ( E ) corresponding fluorescence intensity ( n = 3). ( F ) TEM image of 4T1 tumor after intravenous injection of HA/PtP nanogels for 72 hours (Pt, 10 mg/kg). * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001; **** P < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: TEM and STEM images of HA/PtP nanogels were observed on a TEM microscope (JEM-F200, JEOL, Japan).

Techniques: Injection, Irradiation, Fluorescence, Imaging, Labeling, Ex Vivo

Journal: Science Advances

Article Title: Transforming cisplatin into targeted photothermal chemotherapeutics through the platinum-phosphate coordination within a hyaluronan nanogel

doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adz7615

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Experimental schemes comparing the HIPEC (Cis) and mHIPEC (HA/PtP) in MC38 intraperitoneal peritoneal metastasis model and corresponding infrared thermography images. ( B ) Weight of the tumor nodules ( n = 6). ( C ) Representative photograph of tumor burden. ( D ) Mouse body weight was recorded after different treatments ( n = 6). ( E ) H&E staining in main organs. Scale bar, 50 μm. Cis-DNA adducts staining of ( F ) kidney and ( G ) tumor tissues. Scale bars, 50 μm. * P < 0.05; *** P < 0.001.

Article Snippet: TEM and STEM images of HA/PtP nanogels were observed on a TEM microscope (JEM-F200, JEOL, Japan).

Techniques: Staining

Journal: Science Advances

Article Title: Transforming cisplatin into targeted photothermal chemotherapeutics through the platinum-phosphate coordination within a hyaluronan nanogel

doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adz7615

Figure Lengend Snippet: HA/PtP features self-targeting that is inherent to HA, PTT effects enabled by PtP, and a pH-responsive release of Cis within the TMEs, allowing a synergistic PTT/chemotherapy for both subcutaneous xenograft and peritoneal metastasis models.

Article Snippet: TEM and STEM images of HA/PtP nanogels were observed on a TEM microscope (JEM-F200, JEOL, Japan).

Techniques: