Journal: International Journal of Molecular Medicine

Article Title: Recombinant ADAMTS-1 promotes muscle regeneration accompanied by downregulation of Notch signaling

doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2025.5718

Figure Lengend Snippet: Transcriptomic analysis and GO enrichment of muscle cell differentiation following rADAMTS-1 treatment. C2C12 cells were treated with 10 ng/ml rADAMTS-1 and differentiated for 3 days before RNA-seq analysis. (A) Volcano plot showing DEGs. Blue and red dots indicate significantly upregulated and downregulated DEGs, respectively. (B) Validation of selected DEGs from RNA-sequencing by quantitative PCR. Results are presented as mean ± SD. Statistical significance was determined using one-way analysis of variance with Tukey's post hoc test and is indicated as follows: * P<0.05 and ** P<0.01 vs. the control group. GO enrichment analysis of the top 20 terms associated with (C) Biological Process, (D) Cellular Component and (E) Molecular Function, based on the identified DEGs. GO, Gene Ontology; ADAMTS-1, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 1; rADAMTS-1, recombinant ADAMTS-1; RNA-seq, RNA sequencing; DEG, differentially expressed genes.

Article Snippet: Mouse myoblast C2C12 cells (cat. no. CRL-1772; ATCC) were obtained from ATCC.

Techniques: Cell Differentiation, RNA Sequencing, Biomarker Discovery, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Control, Recombinant

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Active transport of tRNAs facilitates distributed protein synthesis

doi: 10.64898/2026.01.26.698744

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Schematic of Cy5-tRNA labeling strategy. (B) Representative snapshot of Cy5-tRNA (white puncta with white circles) in C2C12 cells overlaid with tracks color coded by distance traveled (dark blue, <1 µm; dark red ≥ 9 µm), and zoom in (white boxes) and representative kymographs of tRNAs undergoing long range, short or static movements (purple, static; light blue, short; orange, long). (C) Frequency distributions depicting the maximum distance traveled, average tRNA puncta speed, and confinement ratio per punctum, where 0 is confined to an area, and 1 indicates linear forward movement ( n = 5 myotubes, with approximately 2000 puncta/video analyzed). Heatmaps below each respective graph denote the color coding of maximum and minimum values. (D) Representative video snapshots of C2C12 myotubes with ELVs labeled with Lyostracker (green) and transfected with Cy5-tRNAs (pink), with a white box indicating the track (yellow arrow) zoomed in for the kymograph. (E) Representative Cy5-tRNA and Lysotracker tracks (colored based on maximum distance traveled per punctum, dark blue, <1 µm; dark red ≥ 9 µm) and kymographs from zoomed in black box in C2C12s treated with DMSO (top panel) or treated with 500nM nocodazole for 1h (bottom panel). Pink kymograph indicates tRNA track, and green indicates an ELV track. (F) Representative images of endogenous LamTOR4-labeled ELVs (green), microtubules (grey), and pan tRNAs (pink) in ARVMS and quantification of the percentage of ELVs colocalized with tRNAs (Obs = observed, bright pink) compared to that expected from random chance using randomly distributed puncta of the same size and shape (grey, R.D.), as well as, quantification of tRNA puncta size and circularity plotted on the log10 scale (with each individual graphical dot indicating an individual puncta measurement and white dots indicating means for each individual cell). From non-transformed circularity measurements, frequency distribution of observed tRNA circularity when tRNA are off (light pink) or on (bright pink) ELVs, with 1 indicating a perfect circle and decreasing values from 1 indicating more elongated morphology. All experiments were done in biological triplicate ( N = 3), with 10 cells imaged per biological replicate ( n = 10), unless noted. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001. Two-sided Student’s t-test in f.

Article Snippet: Myoblast C2C12 cells (ATCC) were cultured in standard culture medium (20% fetal bovine serum, high-glucose DMEM, 1% Pen-Strep) and differentiated in differentiation medium with daily media changes to promote formation of myotubes at 70% confluence (1%horse serum (Gibco), DMEM high-glucose (Gibco), 1% Pen-Strep (Invitrogen), Insulin-Transferrin-Selenium Supplement (ITS, Gibco, 100x stock)).

Techniques: Labeling, Transfection, Transformation Assay

Journal: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle

Article Title: Fibre Type–Specific Proteomics Reveals Shared and Distinct Skeletal Muscle Adaptations to Resistance Training and Beta 2 ‐Adrenergic Agonist

doi: 10.1002/jcsm.70175

Figure Lengend Snippet: Mustn1 and S100a13 are important for cell growth. (a) Log 2 fold changes for MUSTN1 and S100A13 in human muscle samples. (b) Overview of cell experiment. C2C12 cells were treated with either small interfering RNA (siRNA) for Mustn1 or S100a13 at Day 2 of differentiation. (c) Representative pictures of myofibers at Day 6 of differentiation. (d) mRNA expression of Mustn1. (e) mRNA expression of S100a13. (f) Fusion index (number of nuclei in myotubes divided by total number of nuclei). Stars denote p value for comparisons shown by brackets (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001).

Article Snippet: C2C12 muscle cells were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC CRL‐1772) and grown in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM), supplemented with 100 U/mL penicillin, 100 μg/mL of streptomycin and 10% fetal bovine serum.

Techniques: Small Interfering RNA, Expressing