Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Atlas of stress-induced changes in yeast tRNA modification levels

doi: 10.64898/2026.08.17.745200

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Heatmap visualization of quantified tRNA modification levels in S. cerevisiae. Each column represents a distinct tRNA modification, and each row corresponds to a stress condition. Color intensity reflects the magnitude and direction of change (red = upregulation, blue = downregulation), values >1 are marked in dark red, n.d. – not detected. Data are expressed as centered fold change (i.e., by subtracting 1) relative to the control, representing the average normalized MS peak height signals from biological replicates (n=5) analyzed by UPLC-MS, except where n=4 (paraquat, KCl exposure at 12 h; paraquat, MMS exposure at 24 h) and n=3 (NaCl exposure at 12 h). Normalization was performed against an internal standard (non-natural modification m 1,3 ψ). Abbreviations for tRNA modifications follow the short names used in MODOMICS 1 . (B) Volcano plots show the distribution of tRNA modifications in response to selected stressors. Each point represents a tRNA modification, plotted by log 2 fold change (x-axis) and statistical significance as -log 10 of p-value (y-axis). P-values were calculated using an unpaired two-samples t -test. Points meeting significance criteria (|log 2 fold| > 0.6 and p < 0.05) are colored in coral red (upregulation) or blue (dowregulation). Non-significant points are shown in grey. (C) Heatmap showing pairwise correlation of changes in tRNA modifications between different stress conditions applied to samples at two timepoints, 12 h and 24 h. Each cell shows the Pearson’s r correlation coefficient, with positive and negative values colored in shades of red and blue, respectively. Correlation is calculated from data in A.

Article Snippet: Next, we applied MarathonRT-based tRNA sequencing and showed that these modification changes occur independently of tRNA isoacceptor abundance.

Techniques: Modification, Control

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Atlas of stress-induced changes in yeast tRNA modification levels

doi: 10.64898/2026.08.17.745200

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Volcano plots show the distribution of tRNA isoacceptors in response to each stress exposure for 12 h and 24 h. Each point represents a tRNA isoacceptor, plotted by log 2 fold change (x-axis) and statistical significance as -log 10 of p-value (y-axis). Points meeting significance criteria (|log 2 fold| > 0.6 and p < 0.05) are colored in coral red (upregulation) or blue (downregulation). Dashed vertical lines mark log 2 fold change thresholds (±0.6), and the dashed horizontal line marks the significance threshold (p = 0.05). Data are derived from tRNA-seq analysis across independent biological replicates (n=5), except for samples where n=4 (control at 12 h) and n=3 (paraquat at 12 h). (B) Heatmap showing pairwise correlation of changes in tRNA abundance between different stress conditions applied to samples at two timepoints, 12 h and 24 h. Each cell shows the Pearson’s r correlation coefficient, with positive and negative values colored in shades of red and blue, respectively. Correlation is calculated from data in A.

Article Snippet: Next, we applied MarathonRT-based tRNA sequencing and showed that these modification changes occur independently of tRNA isoacceptor abundance.

Techniques: Derivative Assay, Control