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l3012 flg22 medchemexpress hy p1568a l 012 wako  (MedChemExpress)


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    Structured Review

    MedChemExpress l3012 flg22 medchemexpress hy p1568a l 012 wako
    L3012 Flg22 Medchemexpress Hy P1568a L 012 Wako, supplied by MedChemExpress, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 4 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/hy-p1568a/Flagelin+22/pm39855200-657-46-48
    Average 93 stars, based on 4 article reviews
    l3012 flg22 medchemexpress hy p1568a l 012 wako - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
    93/100 stars

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    Related Articles

    Control:

    Article Title: Comparative analysis of RNA interference and pattern‐triggered immunity induced by dsRNA reveals different efficiencies in the antiviral response to potato virus X
    Article Snippet: .. Briefly, individual leaf disks were soaked with 0.1% aniline blue solution (in 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer, pH 8.0) containing either water, 1 μM flg22 (MedChemExpress), 30 ng/μL dsPVY or control extracts. .. Aniline blue fluorescence was imaged 30 min after dsPVY/flg22 or control treatment using a TCS SP8 STED 3X confocal microscope (Leica) with Application Suite X software (Leica) and using a 405 nm diode laser for excitation and filtering the emission at 430–490 nm.

    Article Title: Comparative analysis of RNA interference and pattern-triggered immunity induced by dsRNA reveals different efficiencies in the antiviral response to Potato virus X
    Article Snippet: .. Briefly, individual leaf disks were soaked with 0,1% aniline blue solution (in 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer, pH 8.0) containing either 1 μM flg22 (MedChemExpress, NJ, USA), 30 ng/ul dsPVY or control extracts. ..

    Recombinant:


    Whole Genome Amplification:


    Activation Assay:

    Article Title: Nanotube topography inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation by reducing microtubule glutamylation
    Article Snippet: .. The concentrations of agonists or stimuli that were used to activate the NLRP3, AIM2, and NLRC4 inflammasomes were as follows: For NLRP3 inflammasome activation, BMDMs were primed with LPS (200 ng/mL) for 4 h, followed by stimulation with 5 mM ATP (HY-B2176, MedChemExpress) for 1 h or 10 μM nigericin (HY-100381, MedChemExpress) for 1 h. For AIM2 inflammasome activation, macrophages were primed with LPS (100 ng/mL) for 4 h, then transfected with 1 μg/mL Poly (dA:dT) (tlrl-patn, Invivogen) using Lipofectamine 2000 for 1 h. For NLRC4 inflammasome activation, macrophages were primed with LPS (100 ng/mL) for 4 h, then transfected with 2 μg/mL Flagellin (HY-P1568A, MedChemExpress) using Lipofectamine 2000 for 1 h. For pharmacological inhibition, LPS-primed BMDMs were pretreated with 10 μM nocodazole (HY-13520, MedChemExpress), 30 nM paclitaxel (HY-B0015, MedChemExpress), or 5 μM MARK4 inhibitor-1 (HY-114317, MedChemExpress) for 1 h. ..

    Article Title: Nanotube Topography Inhibits NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation by Reducing Microtubule Glutamylation
    Article Snippet: .. The concentrations of agonists or stimuli that were used to activate the NLRP3, AIM2, and NLRC4 inflammasomes were as follows: For NLRP3 inflammasome activation, BMDMs were primed with LPS (200 ng/mL) for 4 h, followed by stimulation with 5 mM ATP (HY-B2176, MedChemExpress) for 1 h or 10 μM nigericin (HY-100381, MedChemExpress) for 1 h. For AIM2 inflammasome activation, macrophages were primed with LPS (100 ng/mL) for 4 h, then transfected with 1 μg/ mL Poly (dA:dT) (tlrl-patn, Invivogen) using Lipofectamine 2000 for 1 h. For NLRC4 inflammasome activation, macrophages were primed with LPS (100 ng/mL) for 4 h, then transfected with 2 μg/mL Flagellin (HYP1568A, MedChemExpress) using Lipofectamine 2000 for 1 h. For pharmacological inhibition, LPS-primed BMDMs were pretreated with 10 μM nocodazole (HY-13520, MedChemExpress), 30 nM paclitaxel (HY-B0015, MedChemExpress), or 5 μM MARK4 inhibitor-1 (HY114317, MedChemExpress) for 1 h. .. The concentrations of agonists or stimuli that were used to activate the NLRP3, AIM2, and NLRC4 inflammasomes were as follows: For NLRP3 inflammasome activation, BMDMs were primed with LPS (200 ng/mL) for 4 h, followed by stimulation with 5 mM ATP (HY-B2176, MedChemExpress) for 1 h or 10 μM nigericin (HY-100381, MedChemExpress) for 1 h. For AIM2 inflammasome activation, macrophages were primed with LPS (100 ng/mL) for 4 h, then transfected with 1 μg/ mL Poly (dA:dT) (tlrl-patn, Invivogen) using Lipofectamine 2000 for 1 h. For NLRC4 inflammasome activation, macrophages were primed with LPS (100 ng/mL) for 4 h, then transfected with 2 μg/mL Flagellin (HYP1568A, MedChemExpress) using Lipofectamine 2000 for 1 h. For pharmacological inhibition, LPS-primed BMDMs were pretreated with 10 μM nocodazole (HY-13520, MedChemExpress), 30 nM paclitaxel (HY-B0015, MedChemExpress), or 5 μM MARK4 inhibitor-1 (HY114317, MedChemExpress) for 1 h.

    Transfection:

    Article Title: Nanotube topography inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation by reducing microtubule glutamylation
    Article Snippet: .. The concentrations of agonists or stimuli that were used to activate the NLRP3, AIM2, and NLRC4 inflammasomes were as follows: For NLRP3 inflammasome activation, BMDMs were primed with LPS (200 ng/mL) for 4 h, followed by stimulation with 5 mM ATP (HY-B2176, MedChemExpress) for 1 h or 10 μM nigericin (HY-100381, MedChemExpress) for 1 h. For AIM2 inflammasome activation, macrophages were primed with LPS (100 ng/mL) for 4 h, then transfected with 1 μg/mL Poly (dA:dT) (tlrl-patn, Invivogen) using Lipofectamine 2000 for 1 h. For NLRC4 inflammasome activation, macrophages were primed with LPS (100 ng/mL) for 4 h, then transfected with 2 μg/mL Flagellin (HY-P1568A, MedChemExpress) using Lipofectamine 2000 for 1 h. For pharmacological inhibition, LPS-primed BMDMs were pretreated with 10 μM nocodazole (HY-13520, MedChemExpress), 30 nM paclitaxel (HY-B0015, MedChemExpress), or 5 μM MARK4 inhibitor-1 (HY-114317, MedChemExpress) for 1 h. ..

    Article Title: Nanotube Topography Inhibits NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation by Reducing Microtubule Glutamylation
    Article Snippet: .. The concentrations of agonists or stimuli that were used to activate the NLRP3, AIM2, and NLRC4 inflammasomes were as follows: For NLRP3 inflammasome activation, BMDMs were primed with LPS (200 ng/mL) for 4 h, followed by stimulation with 5 mM ATP (HY-B2176, MedChemExpress) for 1 h or 10 μM nigericin (HY-100381, MedChemExpress) for 1 h. For AIM2 inflammasome activation, macrophages were primed with LPS (100 ng/mL) for 4 h, then transfected with 1 μg/ mL Poly (dA:dT) (tlrl-patn, Invivogen) using Lipofectamine 2000 for 1 h. For NLRC4 inflammasome activation, macrophages were primed with LPS (100 ng/mL) for 4 h, then transfected with 2 μg/mL Flagellin (HYP1568A, MedChemExpress) using Lipofectamine 2000 for 1 h. For pharmacological inhibition, LPS-primed BMDMs were pretreated with 10 μM nocodazole (HY-13520, MedChemExpress), 30 nM paclitaxel (HY-B0015, MedChemExpress), or 5 μM MARK4 inhibitor-1 (HY114317, MedChemExpress) for 1 h. .. The concentrations of agonists or stimuli that were used to activate the NLRP3, AIM2, and NLRC4 inflammasomes were as follows: For NLRP3 inflammasome activation, BMDMs were primed with LPS (200 ng/mL) for 4 h, followed by stimulation with 5 mM ATP (HY-B2176, MedChemExpress) for 1 h or 10 μM nigericin (HY-100381, MedChemExpress) for 1 h. For AIM2 inflammasome activation, macrophages were primed with LPS (100 ng/mL) for 4 h, then transfected with 1 μg/ mL Poly (dA:dT) (tlrl-patn, Invivogen) using Lipofectamine 2000 for 1 h. For NLRC4 inflammasome activation, macrophages were primed with LPS (100 ng/mL) for 4 h, then transfected with 2 μg/mL Flagellin (HYP1568A, MedChemExpress) using Lipofectamine 2000 for 1 h. For pharmacological inhibition, LPS-primed BMDMs were pretreated with 10 μM nocodazole (HY-13520, MedChemExpress), 30 nM paclitaxel (HY-B0015, MedChemExpress), or 5 μM MARK4 inhibitor-1 (HY114317, MedChemExpress) for 1 h.

    Inhibition:

    Article Title: Nanotube topography inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation by reducing microtubule glutamylation
    Article Snippet: .. The concentrations of agonists or stimuli that were used to activate the NLRP3, AIM2, and NLRC4 inflammasomes were as follows: For NLRP3 inflammasome activation, BMDMs were primed with LPS (200 ng/mL) for 4 h, followed by stimulation with 5 mM ATP (HY-B2176, MedChemExpress) for 1 h or 10 μM nigericin (HY-100381, MedChemExpress) for 1 h. For AIM2 inflammasome activation, macrophages were primed with LPS (100 ng/mL) for 4 h, then transfected with 1 μg/mL Poly (dA:dT) (tlrl-patn, Invivogen) using Lipofectamine 2000 for 1 h. For NLRC4 inflammasome activation, macrophages were primed with LPS (100 ng/mL) for 4 h, then transfected with 2 μg/mL Flagellin (HY-P1568A, MedChemExpress) using Lipofectamine 2000 for 1 h. For pharmacological inhibition, LPS-primed BMDMs were pretreated with 10 μM nocodazole (HY-13520, MedChemExpress), 30 nM paclitaxel (HY-B0015, MedChemExpress), or 5 μM MARK4 inhibitor-1 (HY-114317, MedChemExpress) for 1 h. ..

    Article Title: Nanotube Topography Inhibits NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation by Reducing Microtubule Glutamylation
    Article Snippet: .. The concentrations of agonists or stimuli that were used to activate the NLRP3, AIM2, and NLRC4 inflammasomes were as follows: For NLRP3 inflammasome activation, BMDMs were primed with LPS (200 ng/mL) for 4 h, followed by stimulation with 5 mM ATP (HY-B2176, MedChemExpress) for 1 h or 10 μM nigericin (HY-100381, MedChemExpress) for 1 h. For AIM2 inflammasome activation, macrophages were primed with LPS (100 ng/mL) for 4 h, then transfected with 1 μg/ mL Poly (dA:dT) (tlrl-patn, Invivogen) using Lipofectamine 2000 for 1 h. For NLRC4 inflammasome activation, macrophages were primed with LPS (100 ng/mL) for 4 h, then transfected with 2 μg/mL Flagellin (HYP1568A, MedChemExpress) using Lipofectamine 2000 for 1 h. For pharmacological inhibition, LPS-primed BMDMs were pretreated with 10 μM nocodazole (HY-13520, MedChemExpress), 30 nM paclitaxel (HY-B0015, MedChemExpress), or 5 μM MARK4 inhibitor-1 (HY114317, MedChemExpress) for 1 h. .. The concentrations of agonists or stimuli that were used to activate the NLRP3, AIM2, and NLRC4 inflammasomes were as follows: For NLRP3 inflammasome activation, BMDMs were primed with LPS (200 ng/mL) for 4 h, followed by stimulation with 5 mM ATP (HY-B2176, MedChemExpress) for 1 h or 10 μM nigericin (HY-100381, MedChemExpress) for 1 h. For AIM2 inflammasome activation, macrophages were primed with LPS (100 ng/mL) for 4 h, then transfected with 1 μg/ mL Poly (dA:dT) (tlrl-patn, Invivogen) using Lipofectamine 2000 for 1 h. For NLRC4 inflammasome activation, macrophages were primed with LPS (100 ng/mL) for 4 h, then transfected with 2 μg/mL Flagellin (HYP1568A, MedChemExpress) using Lipofectamine 2000 for 1 h. For pharmacological inhibition, LPS-primed BMDMs were pretreated with 10 μM nocodazole (HY-13520, MedChemExpress), 30 nM paclitaxel (HY-B0015, MedChemExpress), or 5 μM MARK4 inhibitor-1 (HY114317, MedChemExpress) for 1 h.



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    Local expression of Medicago trucnatula immunity markers ( MtPAD4, MtVSP1, MtBGL, MtLOX2, MtLOX4, MtPR5 ) relative to MtTUB reference gene 2h, 4h and 6h following the application of various stimuli on leaves: mechanical wounding by forceps (3x squeezing leaf blade), 5 µL drop of 1µM <t>flg22,</t> 5 µL drop of dH 2 O (control), syringe infiltration of 0.05µM flg22, bacterial mix in 10mM MgCl 2 or sterile 10mM MgCl 2 as the control. Bacterial mix consisted of live suspension of overnight LB cultures of Pseudomonas syringae, Dickeria chrysanthemi, Erwinia rhapontici, Pantotea agglomerans at OD 660 =0.0005 each. Heatmap displays average expression of 4 independent biological replicates. Each replicate was a pooled sample from two mature stimulated trifoliate leaves from separate plants. 2-factor Multiple Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) indicates significant changes in gene expression over the time-course and differences among the treatments.
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    Nonspecific dsRNA elicits inhibition of PVX‐GFP replication. Plants were inoculated with mixtures of PVX‐GFP and either flagellin <t>(flg22),</t> dsPVY, control (Ctr) extracts or water. (a) Reverse transcription‐quantitative PCR (RT‐qPCR) was used to analyse the accumulation of PVX‐GFP genomic RNA levels in the inoculated leaves at 4 days post‐inoculation (dpi). Expression of the 18S rRNA gene served as a control. Data represent the means ± SD of three replicates, each consisting of a pool of nine plants that received the same treatment. (b) Western blot analysis of plant extracts derived from inoculated leaves at 4 dpi, using antibodies against PVX CP. The panel below the blot is the membrane stained with Ponceau S as control of loading. M, mock‐inoculated leaf. (c) Callose spots at plasmodesmata (PD) were visualized upon aniline blue staining of epidermal cells in response to water, bacterial flg22, dsPVY or Ctr extracts. Photographs were taken 30 min after treatment with water, 1 μM flg22, 30 ng/μL of dsPVY or Ctr extracts. Scale bar, 10 μm. (d) Relative PD callose content in water‐, flg22‐, dsPVY‐ and Ctr‐treated leaves. The mean values of callose intensities in individual PD (>200) measured in three leaf discs taken from two independent biological replicates per each treatment. (e) Accumulation of a frameshift mutant in the P25 movement protein of PVX‐GFP (PVXΔMP‐GFP), as assayed by RT‐qPCR at 4 dpi. Asterisks indicate significant differences between treatments (Student's t test, * p < 0.05); ns, not significant. Experiments were repeated once more with similar results.
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    Image Search Results


    Local expression of Medicago trucnatula immunity markers ( MtPAD4, MtVSP1, MtBGL, MtLOX2, MtLOX4, MtPR5 ) relative to MtTUB reference gene 2h, 4h and 6h following the application of various stimuli on leaves: mechanical wounding by forceps (3x squeezing leaf blade), 5 µL drop of 1µM flg22, 5 µL drop of dH 2 O (control), syringe infiltration of 0.05µM flg22, bacterial mix in 10mM MgCl 2 or sterile 10mM MgCl 2 as the control. Bacterial mix consisted of live suspension of overnight LB cultures of Pseudomonas syringae, Dickeria chrysanthemi, Erwinia rhapontici, Pantotea agglomerans at OD 660 =0.0005 each. Heatmap displays average expression of 4 independent biological replicates. Each replicate was a pooled sample from two mature stimulated trifoliate leaves from separate plants. 2-factor Multiple Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) indicates significant changes in gene expression over the time-course and differences among the treatments.

    Journal: bioRxiv

    Article Title: Common mycelial network mediated inter-plant signals modulate plant biotic stress responses and defence against foliar pathogens

    doi: 10.1101/2024.12.03.626652

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Local expression of Medicago trucnatula immunity markers ( MtPAD4, MtVSP1, MtBGL, MtLOX2, MtLOX4, MtPR5 ) relative to MtTUB reference gene 2h, 4h and 6h following the application of various stimuli on leaves: mechanical wounding by forceps (3x squeezing leaf blade), 5 µL drop of 1µM flg22, 5 µL drop of dH 2 O (control), syringe infiltration of 0.05µM flg22, bacterial mix in 10mM MgCl 2 or sterile 10mM MgCl 2 as the control. Bacterial mix consisted of live suspension of overnight LB cultures of Pseudomonas syringae, Dickeria chrysanthemi, Erwinia rhapontici, Pantotea agglomerans at OD 660 =0.0005 each. Heatmap displays average expression of 4 independent biological replicates. Each replicate was a pooled sample from two mature stimulated trifoliate leaves from separate plants. 2-factor Multiple Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) indicates significant changes in gene expression over the time-course and differences among the treatments.

    Article Snippet: 3d after this manipulation mechanical wounding (3x squeezes with forceps) and a 5 μL drop of μM bacterial flagellin ( flg22 , MedChemExpress, Sweden) was applied to two fully expanded trifoliate leaves of the sender plants.

    Techniques: Expressing, Control, Sterility, Suspension

    Size of Botrytis cinerea necrotic lesions (72hpi) on systemic leaves after stimulation of distal leaves with the following treatments: 5µL drop of H 2 O (control), 5 µL drop of 1µM flg22, wounding with forceps, wounding + 5 µL drop of 1µM flg22 as well as infiltrations10mM MgCl2 (control), live suspension of P. syringae, D. chrysanthemi, E. rhapontici, P. agglomerans at OD 660 =0.0005 each in 10mM MgCl 2 . All comparisons were performed at the same time. Box-plots depict distribution of individual data-points and means. ANOVA (F=2,86; p=0.18) suggest significant differences among the treatments and p-values from the Dunnet’s two tailed t-test pairwise comparisons are depicted on top of the plots.

    Journal: bioRxiv

    Article Title: Common mycelial network mediated inter-plant signals modulate plant biotic stress responses and defence against foliar pathogens

    doi: 10.1101/2024.12.03.626652

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Size of Botrytis cinerea necrotic lesions (72hpi) on systemic leaves after stimulation of distal leaves with the following treatments: 5µL drop of H 2 O (control), 5 µL drop of 1µM flg22, wounding with forceps, wounding + 5 µL drop of 1µM flg22 as well as infiltrations10mM MgCl2 (control), live suspension of P. syringae, D. chrysanthemi, E. rhapontici, P. agglomerans at OD 660 =0.0005 each in 10mM MgCl 2 . All comparisons were performed at the same time. Box-plots depict distribution of individual data-points and means. ANOVA (F=2,86; p=0.18) suggest significant differences among the treatments and p-values from the Dunnet’s two tailed t-test pairwise comparisons are depicted on top of the plots.

    Article Snippet: 3d after this manipulation mechanical wounding (3x squeezes with forceps) and a 5 μL drop of μM bacterial flagellin ( flg22 , MedChemExpress, Sweden) was applied to two fully expanded trifoliate leaves of the sender plants.

    Techniques: Control, Suspension, Two Tailed Test

    (A) A duet of Medicago plants were grown in 30 µm mesh pockets (dashed lines) and inoculated with AMF Rhizophagus iregularis to form CMN (red). Position of knife insertion is indicated with a blue double-head arrow. Sender plants of the cut-CMN and the intact-CMN pots were stimulated by wounding and flg22 application to measure responses in the receiver plant leaves. (B) Wounded and flg22 (w+f) treated plants were compared to H 2 O to identify up- and down-regulated responder plant DEGs in the intact-CMN pots (red circles) and the cut-CMN (blue circles). Volcano plot displays log10 of p-adj. and log2 of fold change for each transcript in the (w+f) comparison with water controls. Each treatment contained 4 replicate plants.

    Journal: bioRxiv

    Article Title: Common mycelial network mediated inter-plant signals modulate plant biotic stress responses and defence against foliar pathogens

    doi: 10.1101/2024.12.03.626652

    Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) A duet of Medicago plants were grown in 30 µm mesh pockets (dashed lines) and inoculated with AMF Rhizophagus iregularis to form CMN (red). Position of knife insertion is indicated with a blue double-head arrow. Sender plants of the cut-CMN and the intact-CMN pots were stimulated by wounding and flg22 application to measure responses in the receiver plant leaves. (B) Wounded and flg22 (w+f) treated plants were compared to H 2 O to identify up- and down-regulated responder plant DEGs in the intact-CMN pots (red circles) and the cut-CMN (blue circles). Volcano plot displays log10 of p-adj. and log2 of fold change for each transcript in the (w+f) comparison with water controls. Each treatment contained 4 replicate plants.

    Article Snippet: 3d after this manipulation mechanical wounding (3x squeezes with forceps) and a 5 μL drop of μM bacterial flagellin ( flg22 , MedChemExpress, Sweden) was applied to two fully expanded trifoliate leaves of the sender plants.

    Techniques: Comparison

    (A) Two Medicago plants were grown in 30 µm mesh pockets (dashed lines) and inoculated with AMF Rhizophagus iregularis to form CMN (red). The blue double-head arrow indicates the position of CMN interruption prior to sender plant wounding and flg22 application to measure responses in the receiver plant leaves. (B) Volcano plots displaying down-regulated or up-regulated leaf metabolites (L) and volatile compounds (V) when comparing inter-plant responses to wound and flg22 with H 2 O controls in receivers with intact (top) or cut (bottom) CMN. (C) Hierarchical clustering of colour-coded log2 fold changes (FC) for all 53 detected leaf metabolites and all 27 detected volatiles. Two clusters of compounds display the largest relative differences in receiver responses to inter-plant stress signals between connected (con) and cut CMN treatments. The asterisks indicate significant FC based on the volcano plots in panel B . Chemical structures are based on ChemSpider and PubChem databases for the closest matching compounds. (D) The network produced by regularized canonical correspondence analysis displays the correlation between normalized CPMS read counts of 4885 DEGs (identified in ) with relative metabolite quantities of the same plant. Only correlations with threshold >0.7 are displayed and include 4 metabolites (orange). The available homology-based gene function predictions from MtrunR108_HiC reference genome are mapped on the network along with the gene expression changes in CMN connected receivers as depicted in panel A . The source data for network generation, gene IDs, gene and metabolite descriptions for are provided in the Supplemental Table 4.

    Journal: bioRxiv

    Article Title: Common mycelial network mediated inter-plant signals modulate plant biotic stress responses and defence against foliar pathogens

    doi: 10.1101/2024.12.03.626652

    Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Two Medicago plants were grown in 30 µm mesh pockets (dashed lines) and inoculated with AMF Rhizophagus iregularis to form CMN (red). The blue double-head arrow indicates the position of CMN interruption prior to sender plant wounding and flg22 application to measure responses in the receiver plant leaves. (B) Volcano plots displaying down-regulated or up-regulated leaf metabolites (L) and volatile compounds (V) when comparing inter-plant responses to wound and flg22 with H 2 O controls in receivers with intact (top) or cut (bottom) CMN. (C) Hierarchical clustering of colour-coded log2 fold changes (FC) for all 53 detected leaf metabolites and all 27 detected volatiles. Two clusters of compounds display the largest relative differences in receiver responses to inter-plant stress signals between connected (con) and cut CMN treatments. The asterisks indicate significant FC based on the volcano plots in panel B . Chemical structures are based on ChemSpider and PubChem databases for the closest matching compounds. (D) The network produced by regularized canonical correspondence analysis displays the correlation between normalized CPMS read counts of 4885 DEGs (identified in ) with relative metabolite quantities of the same plant. Only correlations with threshold >0.7 are displayed and include 4 metabolites (orange). The available homology-based gene function predictions from MtrunR108_HiC reference genome are mapped on the network along with the gene expression changes in CMN connected receivers as depicted in panel A . The source data for network generation, gene IDs, gene and metabolite descriptions for are provided in the Supplemental Table 4.

    Article Snippet: 3d after this manipulation mechanical wounding (3x squeezes with forceps) and a 5 μL drop of μM bacterial flagellin ( flg22 , MedChemExpress, Sweden) was applied to two fully expanded trifoliate leaves of the sender plants.

    Techniques: Produced, Expressing

    Monoterpene biosynthesis gene expression changes in responder plants to sender wounding and flg22 treatment compared to sender treatment with water. Top panel represents intact CMN, bottom panel – cut CMN. KEGG pathway map00902 was used to display RNA-seq data using the MapMan tool. The available protein sequences for each 00902 pathway gene were manually searched for the corresponding homologs in M. trucatula R108 genome via MtrunR108_HiC portal blast tool.

    Journal: bioRxiv

    Article Title: Common mycelial network mediated inter-plant signals modulate plant biotic stress responses and defence against foliar pathogens

    doi: 10.1101/2024.12.03.626652

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Monoterpene biosynthesis gene expression changes in responder plants to sender wounding and flg22 treatment compared to sender treatment with water. Top panel represents intact CMN, bottom panel – cut CMN. KEGG pathway map00902 was used to display RNA-seq data using the MapMan tool. The available protein sequences for each 00902 pathway gene were manually searched for the corresponding homologs in M. trucatula R108 genome via MtrunR108_HiC portal blast tool.

    Article Snippet: 3d after this manipulation mechanical wounding (3x squeezes with forceps) and a 5 μL drop of μM bacterial flagellin ( flg22 , MedChemExpress, Sweden) was applied to two fully expanded trifoliate leaves of the sender plants.

    Techniques: Expressing, RNA Sequencing Assay

    Size of necrotic lesions on Mediago truncatula leaves 72 after inoculation with Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium sporotichoides . Wounding and flagellin treatment of sender plants induces resistance to F. sporotrichoides (two-tailed t-test=4.621; p= 2.629e-05) but susceptibility to B. cinerea (Mann Whitney U=220; p=0.000697). Pathogen assays were repeated independently 3-times and represented as pooled data. Line indicates the median, boxes represent the interquartile range (IQR), whiskers - variance within 1.5xIQR.

    Journal: bioRxiv

    Article Title: Common mycelial network mediated inter-plant signals modulate plant biotic stress responses and defence against foliar pathogens

    doi: 10.1101/2024.12.03.626652

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Size of necrotic lesions on Mediago truncatula leaves 72 after inoculation with Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium sporotichoides . Wounding and flagellin treatment of sender plants induces resistance to F. sporotrichoides (two-tailed t-test=4.621; p= 2.629e-05) but susceptibility to B. cinerea (Mann Whitney U=220; p=0.000697). Pathogen assays were repeated independently 3-times and represented as pooled data. Line indicates the median, boxes represent the interquartile range (IQR), whiskers - variance within 1.5xIQR.

    Article Snippet: 3d after this manipulation mechanical wounding (3x squeezes with forceps) and a 5 μL drop of μM bacterial flagellin ( flg22 , MedChemExpress, Sweden) was applied to two fully expanded trifoliate leaves of the sender plants.

    Techniques: Two Tailed Test, MANN-WHITNEY

    Nonspecific dsRNA elicits inhibition of PVX‐GFP replication. Plants were inoculated with mixtures of PVX‐GFP and either flagellin (flg22), dsPVY, control (Ctr) extracts or water. (a) Reverse transcription‐quantitative PCR (RT‐qPCR) was used to analyse the accumulation of PVX‐GFP genomic RNA levels in the inoculated leaves at 4 days post‐inoculation (dpi). Expression of the 18S rRNA gene served as a control. Data represent the means ± SD of three replicates, each consisting of a pool of nine plants that received the same treatment. (b) Western blot analysis of plant extracts derived from inoculated leaves at 4 dpi, using antibodies against PVX CP. The panel below the blot is the membrane stained with Ponceau S as control of loading. M, mock‐inoculated leaf. (c) Callose spots at plasmodesmata (PD) were visualized upon aniline blue staining of epidermal cells in response to water, bacterial flg22, dsPVY or Ctr extracts. Photographs were taken 30 min after treatment with water, 1 μM flg22, 30 ng/μL of dsPVY or Ctr extracts. Scale bar, 10 μm. (d) Relative PD callose content in water‐, flg22‐, dsPVY‐ and Ctr‐treated leaves. The mean values of callose intensities in individual PD (>200) measured in three leaf discs taken from two independent biological replicates per each treatment. (e) Accumulation of a frameshift mutant in the P25 movement protein of PVX‐GFP (PVXΔMP‐GFP), as assayed by RT‐qPCR at 4 dpi. Asterisks indicate significant differences between treatments (Student's t test, * p < 0.05); ns, not significant. Experiments were repeated once more with similar results.

    Journal: Molecular Plant Pathology

    Article Title: Comparative analysis of RNA interference and pattern‐triggered immunity induced by dsRNA reveals different efficiencies in the antiviral response to potato virus X

    doi: 10.1111/mpp.70008

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Nonspecific dsRNA elicits inhibition of PVX‐GFP replication. Plants were inoculated with mixtures of PVX‐GFP and either flagellin (flg22), dsPVY, control (Ctr) extracts or water. (a) Reverse transcription‐quantitative PCR (RT‐qPCR) was used to analyse the accumulation of PVX‐GFP genomic RNA levels in the inoculated leaves at 4 days post‐inoculation (dpi). Expression of the 18S rRNA gene served as a control. Data represent the means ± SD of three replicates, each consisting of a pool of nine plants that received the same treatment. (b) Western blot analysis of plant extracts derived from inoculated leaves at 4 dpi, using antibodies against PVX CP. The panel below the blot is the membrane stained with Ponceau S as control of loading. M, mock‐inoculated leaf. (c) Callose spots at plasmodesmata (PD) were visualized upon aniline blue staining of epidermal cells in response to water, bacterial flg22, dsPVY or Ctr extracts. Photographs were taken 30 min after treatment with water, 1 μM flg22, 30 ng/μL of dsPVY or Ctr extracts. Scale bar, 10 μm. (d) Relative PD callose content in water‐, flg22‐, dsPVY‐ and Ctr‐treated leaves. The mean values of callose intensities in individual PD (>200) measured in three leaf discs taken from two independent biological replicates per each treatment. (e) Accumulation of a frameshift mutant in the P25 movement protein of PVX‐GFP (PVXΔMP‐GFP), as assayed by RT‐qPCR at 4 dpi. Asterisks indicate significant differences between treatments (Student's t test, * p < 0.05); ns, not significant. Experiments were repeated once more with similar results.

    Article Snippet: Briefly, individual leaf disks were soaked with 0.1% aniline blue solution (in 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer, pH 8.0) containing either water, 1 μM flg22 (MedChemExpress), 30 ng/μL dsPVY or control extracts.

    Techniques: Inhibition, Control, Reverse Transcription, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Quantitative RT-PCR, Expressing, Western Blot, Derivative Assay, Membrane, Staining, Mutagenesis