aclarubicin hydrochloride  (MedChemExpress)

Journal: Virus Research

Article Title: Anthracyclines inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection

doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2023.199164

Figure Lengend Snippet: Determination of IC50 values of lead compounds against SARS-CoV-2 and hCoV-229E. (A) Serial dilutions of each lead compound were tested for inhibiting CoV-2/NLuc infection of Calu-3 cells (MOI=0.2). Each drug concentration was tested in triplicate infections. Also shown for each compound is cytotoxicity at the drug concentrations tested. Luciferase values of DMSO (1%) control are arbitrarily set as 100. (B) Inhibition of hCoV-229E/RLuc infection of Calu-3 cells (MOI=0.1) by the lead compounds. (C) Calu-3 cells were infected with SARS-CoV-2 (MOI=0.02) in the presence of remdesivir, aclarubicin or ET-770 for 24, 48 and 72 hr when levels of infectious viral progeny in the supernatants were determined either by infecting fresh Calu-3 cells and measuring luciferase activity (RLUs, relative luminescence units) or in TCID50 assay. (D) Inhibition of CoV-2/NLuc infection of 293/ACE2/TMPRSS2 cells by aclarubicin and ecteinascidin 770. Cytotoxicity of each compound at the tested concentrations in 293/ACE2/TMPRSS2 cells was determined. Remdesivir was tested for inhibiting CoV-2/NLuc and hCoV-229E/RLuc as a positive control. (E) Aclarubicin and ecteinascidin 770 inhibit SARS-CoV-2 strains RIM-1, SA and BA.1. Serial dilutions of aclarubicin and ecteinascidin 770 were used to treat Calu-3 cells that were infected with either the RIM-1, SA or the BA.1 strain. Virus production in culture supernatants was determined by RT-qPCR to measure viral RNA levels. Viral RNA levels in control infection (1% DMSO) are arbitrarily set as 100. All drug concentrations were tested in triplicate infections.

Article Snippet: Aclarubicin hydrochloride (cat. HY-N2306A, CAS No. 75,443–99–1), daunorubicin hydrochloride (cat. HY-13,062, CAS No. 23,541–50–6), doxorubicin hydrochloride (cat. HY-15,142, CAS No. 25,316–40–9), epirubicin hydrochloride (cat. HY-13624A, CAS No. 56,390–09–1), idarubicin hydrochloride (cat. HY-17,381, CAS No. 57,852–57–0), mitoxantrone dihydrochloride (cat. HY-13502A, CAS No. 70,476–82–3), and ecteinascidin 770 (cat. HY-101,191, CAS No. 114,899–80–8) were purchased from MedChemExpress.

Techniques: Infection, Concentration Assay, Luciferase, Control, Inhibition, Activity Assay, TCID50 Assay, Positive Control, Virus, Quantitative RT-PCR

Journal: Virus Research

Article Title: Anthracyclines inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection

doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2023.199164

Figure Lengend Snippet: IC50 values of selected compounds inhibiting either SARS-CoV-2 or hCoV-229E.

Article Snippet: Aclarubicin hydrochloride (cat. HY-N2306A, CAS No. 75,443–99–1), daunorubicin hydrochloride (cat. HY-13,062, CAS No. 23,541–50–6), doxorubicin hydrochloride (cat. HY-15,142, CAS No. 25,316–40–9), epirubicin hydrochloride (cat. HY-13624A, CAS No. 56,390–09–1), idarubicin hydrochloride (cat. HY-17,381, CAS No. 57,852–57–0), mitoxantrone dihydrochloride (cat. HY-13502A, CAS No. 70,476–82–3), and ecteinascidin 770 (cat. HY-101,191, CAS No. 114,899–80–8) were purchased from MedChemExpress.

Techniques:

Journal: Virus Research

Article Title: Anthracyclines inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection

doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2023.199164

Figure Lengend Snippet: Aclarubicin and ecteinascidin 770 inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection mainly after virus entry. (A) SARS-CoV-2 infection (MOI=0.2) of Calu-3 cells was performed with addition of remdesivir, aclarubicin, or ecteinascidin 770 of various concentrations either together with the virus (0 hr addition) or after the 1-hr virus inoculation (1 hr addition). Virus infection was determined by measuring luciferase activity 48 hr after infection. (B) Depiction of time-of-addition 16-hr infection assay. Drug was either kept through the course of 16-hr infection (0–16 hr), present only during 1-hr virus inoculation (0–1 hr), or only added after virus inoculation (1–16 hr). (C) Calu-3 cells were infected with SARS-CoV-2 Delta/NLuc (MOI=0.5) in the presence of remdesivir (1.5 μM), anti-Spike Ab (8 ng/ml), aclarubicin (1 μM) or ET-770 (0.05 μM) that were added to the culture at the indicated time. Luciferase activity in the infected cells were measured 16 hr after infection. ns, not significant. **, p <0.01.

Article Snippet: Aclarubicin hydrochloride (cat. HY-N2306A, CAS No. 75,443–99–1), daunorubicin hydrochloride (cat. HY-13,062, CAS No. 23,541–50–6), doxorubicin hydrochloride (cat. HY-15,142, CAS No. 25,316–40–9), epirubicin hydrochloride (cat. HY-13624A, CAS No. 56,390–09–1), idarubicin hydrochloride (cat. HY-17,381, CAS No. 57,852–57–0), mitoxantrone dihydrochloride (cat. HY-13502A, CAS No. 70,476–82–3), and ecteinascidin 770 (cat. HY-101,191, CAS No. 114,899–80–8) were purchased from MedChemExpress.

Techniques: Infection, Virus, Luciferase, Activity Assay

Journal: Virus Research

Article Title: Anthracyclines inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection

doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2023.199164

Figure Lengend Snippet: Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 by anthracyclines. (A) Molecular structures of daunorubicin, doxorubicin, epirubicin, idarubicin, mitoxantrone and aclarubicin. (B) Effect of anthracyclines on CoV-2/NLuc infection when added at the time of infection. Virus infection was determined by measuring NLuc activity in the infected Calu-3 cells. Values of NLuc activity in the control infection (1% DMSO) are arbitrarily set as 100. All drug concentrations were tested in triplicate infections. (C) Effects of anthracyclines on the expression of MxB, ISG56 and IFITM3 in Calu-3 cells as examined in Western blots. Each drug was tested at 0.4 μM and 2 μM. Tubulin was detected as a control. Results shown represent two independent experiments. (D) The ISRE-Luc reporter plasmid DNA was transfected into HEK293T cells followed with treatment by anthracyclines at 0.4 μM and 2 μM. Luciferase activity was measured 48 hr after treatment. Luciferase values in cells exposed to 1% DMSO are arbitrarily set as 1. Each drug concentration was tested in triplicate transfections. (E) Levels of IFN-λ in culture supernatants of Calu-3 cells treated with anthracyclines at 2 μM in triplicate. (F) CoV-2/NLuc infection of Calu-3 cells that were pretreated with different concentrations of anthracyclines for 16 hr. NLuc values in the control infections (1% DMSO) are arbitrarily set as 100. (G) SARS-CoV-2 proteins NSP13 and ORF6 suppress the activation of ISRE-Luc reporter by idarubicin. HEK293T cells were either transfected with ISRE-Luc reporter plasmid DNA alone or together with NSP13, ORF3a or ORF6, followed with treatment of idarubicin (2 μM) or Sendai virus for 24 hr before luciferase activity was measured. The fold of change in luciferase expression activated by idarubicin or Sendai virus for each transfection condition was presented. All drug concentrations were tested in triplicate. p values are indicated as * p <0.05; ** p <0.01; *** p <0.001; ns, not significant.

Article Snippet: Aclarubicin hydrochloride (cat. HY-N2306A, CAS No. 75,443–99–1), daunorubicin hydrochloride (cat. HY-13,062, CAS No. 23,541–50–6), doxorubicin hydrochloride (cat. HY-15,142, CAS No. 25,316–40–9), epirubicin hydrochloride (cat. HY-13624A, CAS No. 56,390–09–1), idarubicin hydrochloride (cat. HY-17,381, CAS No. 57,852–57–0), mitoxantrone dihydrochloride (cat. HY-13502A, CAS No. 70,476–82–3), and ecteinascidin 770 (cat. HY-101,191, CAS No. 114,899–80–8) were purchased from MedChemExpress.

Techniques: Inhibition, Infection, Virus, Activity Assay, Control, Expressing, Western Blot, Plasmid Preparation, Transfection, Luciferase, Concentration Assay, Activation Assay

Journal: Cell Reports Medicine

Article Title: An Automated Organoid Platform with Inter-organoid Homogeneity and Inter-patient Heterogeneity

doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2020.100161

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: aclacinomycin , MCE , Cat# HY-L025.

Techniques: Recombinant, Red Blood Cell Lysis, Viability Assay, Sequencing, Software, Injection