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ambenonium dichloride  (Tocris)


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    Structured Review

    Tocris ambenonium dichloride
    Ambenonium Dichloride, supplied by Tocris, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 10 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/0388/Ambenonium+dichloride/pm12706630-41-11-13
    Average 93 stars, based on 10 article reviews
    ambenonium dichloride - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
    93/100 stars

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    Related Articles

    Injection:

    Article Title: Long-Lasting Inhibitory Effects of Distigmine on Recombinant Human Acetylcholinesterase Activity.
    Article Snippet: Drugs and Reagents The following drugs were used: distigmine bromide (Torii Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan), neostigmine bromide (Sigma-Aldrich), pyridostigmine bromide (MP Biomedicals, Santa Ana, CA, U.S.A.), and ambenonium dichloride (Tocris Bioscience, Bristol, U.K.).

    Article Title: WaterMap-Guided Structure-Based Virtual Screening for Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors.
    Article Snippet: Structure-based virtual screening of the Enamine database of 1.7 million compounds followed by WaterMap calculations (a molecular-dynamics-simulation-based method) was applied to identify novel acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors.. The inhibitory potency of 29 selected compounds against electric eel (ee) AChE was determined using Ellman’s method.. Three compounds were found to be active (success rate 10%).

    Article Title: M4-mediated cholinergic transmission is reduced in parkinsonian mice and its restoration alleviates motor deficits and levodopa-induced dyskinesia
    Article Snippet: Picrotoxin (1128), (+)-MK-801 maleate (0924), DNQX (0189), DHβE hydrobromide (2349), SCH 23390 hydrochloride (0925), (S)-(-)-sulpiride (0895), acetylcholine chloride (2809), oxotremorine M (1067), VU 0255035 (3727), tropicamide (0909), ambenonium dichloride (0388), and scopolamine hydrobromide (1414) were obtained from Tocris Bioscience.

    Comparison:

    Article Title: Long-Lasting Inhibitory Effects of Distigmine on Recombinant Human Acetylcholinesterase Activity.
    Article Snippet: Drugs and Reagents The following drugs were used: distigmine bromide (Torii Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan), neostigmine bromide (Sigma-Aldrich), pyridostigmine bromide (MP Biomedicals, Santa Ana, CA, U.S.A.), and ambenonium dichloride (Tocris Bioscience, Bristol, U.K.).

    Article Title: WaterMap-Guided Structure-Based Virtual Screening for Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors.
    Article Snippet: Structure-based virtual screening of the Enamine database of 1.7 million compounds followed by WaterMap calculations (a molecular-dynamics-simulation-based method) was applied to identify novel acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors.. The inhibitory potency of 29 selected compounds against electric eel (ee) AChE was determined using Ellman’s method.. Three compounds were found to be active (success rate 10%).

    Article Title: M4-mediated cholinergic transmission is reduced in parkinsonian mice and its restoration alleviates motor deficits and levodopa-induced dyskinesia
    Article Snippet: Picrotoxin (1128), (+)-MK-801 maleate (0924), DNQX (0189), DHβE hydrobromide (2349), SCH 23390 hydrochloride (0925), (S)-(-)-sulpiride (0895), acetylcholine chloride (2809), oxotremorine M (1067), VU 0255035 (3727), tropicamide (0909), ambenonium dichloride (0388), and scopolamine hydrobromide (1414) were obtained from Tocris Bioscience.

    Control:

    Article Title: Long-Lasting Inhibitory Effects of Distigmine on Recombinant Human Acetylcholinesterase Activity.
    Article Snippet: Drugs and Reagents The following drugs were used: distigmine bromide (Torii Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan), neostigmine bromide (Sigma-Aldrich), pyridostigmine bromide (MP Biomedicals, Santa Ana, CA, U.S.A.), and ambenonium dichloride (Tocris Bioscience, Bristol, U.K.).

    Article Title: WaterMap-Guided Structure-Based Virtual Screening for Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors.
    Article Snippet: Structure-based virtual screening of the Enamine database of 1.7 million compounds followed by WaterMap calculations (a molecular-dynamics-simulation-based method) was applied to identify novel acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors.. The inhibitory potency of 29 selected compounds against electric eel (ee) AChE was determined using Ellman’s method.. Three compounds were found to be active (success rate 10%).

    Article Title: M4-mediated cholinergic transmission is reduced in parkinsonian mice and its restoration alleviates motor deficits and levodopa-induced dyskinesia
    Article Snippet: Picrotoxin (1128), (+)-MK-801 maleate (0924), DNQX (0189), DHβE hydrobromide (2349), SCH 23390 hydrochloride (0925), (S)-(-)-sulpiride (0895), acetylcholine chloride (2809), oxotremorine M (1067), VU 0255035 (3727), tropicamide (0909), ambenonium dichloride (0388), and scopolamine hydrobromide (1414) were obtained from Tocris Bioscience.

    Expressing:

    Article Title: Long-Lasting Inhibitory Effects of Distigmine on Recombinant Human Acetylcholinesterase Activity.
    Article Snippet: Drugs and Reagents The following drugs were used: distigmine bromide (Torii Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan), neostigmine bromide (Sigma-Aldrich), pyridostigmine bromide (MP Biomedicals, Santa Ana, CA, U.S.A.), and ambenonium dichloride (Tocris Bioscience, Bristol, U.K.).

    Article Title: WaterMap-Guided Structure-Based Virtual Screening for Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors.
    Article Snippet: Structure-based virtual screening of the Enamine database of 1.7 million compounds followed by WaterMap calculations (a molecular-dynamics-simulation-based method) was applied to identify novel acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors.. The inhibitory potency of 29 selected compounds against electric eel (ee) AChE was determined using Ellman’s method.. Three compounds were found to be active (success rate 10%).

    Article Title: M4-mediated cholinergic transmission is reduced in parkinsonian mice and its restoration alleviates motor deficits and levodopa-induced dyskinesia
    Article Snippet: Picrotoxin (1128), (+)-MK-801 maleate (0924), DNQX (0189), DHβE hydrobromide (2349), SCH 23390 hydrochloride (0925), (S)-(-)-sulpiride (0895), acetylcholine chloride (2809), oxotremorine M (1067), VU 0255035 (3727), tropicamide (0909), ambenonium dichloride (0388), and scopolamine hydrobromide (1414) were obtained from Tocris Bioscience.

    Saline:

    Article Title: Long-Lasting Inhibitory Effects of Distigmine on Recombinant Human Acetylcholinesterase Activity.
    Article Snippet: Drugs and Reagents The following drugs were used: distigmine bromide (Torii Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan), neostigmine bromide (Sigma-Aldrich), pyridostigmine bromide (MP Biomedicals, Santa Ana, CA, U.S.A.), and ambenonium dichloride (Tocris Bioscience, Bristol, U.K.).

    Article Title: WaterMap-Guided Structure-Based Virtual Screening for Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors.
    Article Snippet: Structure-based virtual screening of the Enamine database of 1.7 million compounds followed by WaterMap calculations (a molecular-dynamics-simulation-based method) was applied to identify novel acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors.. The inhibitory potency of 29 selected compounds against electric eel (ee) AChE was determined using Ellman’s method.. Three compounds were found to be active (success rate 10%).

    Article Title: M4-mediated cholinergic transmission is reduced in parkinsonian mice and its restoration alleviates motor deficits and levodopa-induced dyskinesia
    Article Snippet: Picrotoxin (1128), (+)-MK-801 maleate (0924), DNQX (0189), DHβE hydrobromide (2349), SCH 23390 hydrochloride (0925), (S)-(-)-sulpiride (0895), acetylcholine chloride (2809), oxotremorine M (1067), VU 0255035 (3727), tropicamide (0909), ambenonium dichloride (0388), and scopolamine hydrobromide (1414) were obtained from Tocris Bioscience.

    Concentration Assay:

    Article Title: Long-Lasting Inhibitory Effects of Distigmine on Recombinant Human Acetylcholinesterase Activity.
    Article Snippet: Drugs and Reagents The following drugs were used: distigmine bromide (Torii Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan), neostigmine bromide (Sigma-Aldrich), pyridostigmine bromide (MP Biomedicals, Santa Ana, CA, U.S.A.), and ambenonium dichloride (Tocris Bioscience, Bristol, U.K.).

    Article Title: WaterMap-Guided Structure-Based Virtual Screening for Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors.
    Article Snippet: Structure-based virtual screening of the Enamine database of 1.7 million compounds followed by WaterMap calculations (a molecular-dynamics-simulation-based method) was applied to identify novel acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors.. The inhibitory potency of 29 selected compounds against electric eel (ee) AChE was determined using Ellman’s method.. Three compounds were found to be active (success rate 10%).

    Article Title: M4-mediated cholinergic transmission is reduced in parkinsonian mice and its restoration alleviates motor deficits and levodopa-induced dyskinesia
    Article Snippet: Picrotoxin (1128), (+)-MK-801 maleate (0924), DNQX (0189), DHβE hydrobromide (2349), SCH 23390 hydrochloride (0925), (S)-(-)-sulpiride (0895), acetylcholine chloride (2809), oxotremorine M (1067), VU 0255035 (3727), tropicamide (0909), ambenonium dichloride (0388), and scopolamine hydrobromide (1414) were obtained from Tocris Bioscience.

    Recombinant:

    Article Title: Long-Lasting Inhibitory Effects of Distigmine on Recombinant Human Acetylcholinesterase Activity.
    Article Snippet: Drugs and Reagents The following drugs were used: distigmine bromide (Torii Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan), neostigmine bromide (Sigma-Aldrich), pyridostigmine bromide (MP Biomedicals, Santa Ana, CA, U.S.A.), and ambenonium dichloride (Tocris Bioscience, Bristol, U.K.).

    Article Title: WaterMap-Guided Structure-Based Virtual Screening for Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors.
    Article Snippet: Structure-based virtual screening of the Enamine database of 1.7 million compounds followed by WaterMap calculations (a molecular-dynamics-simulation-based method) was applied to identify novel acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors.. The inhibitory potency of 29 selected compounds against electric eel (ee) AChE was determined using Ellman’s method.. Three compounds were found to be active (success rate 10%).

    Article Title: M4-mediated cholinergic transmission is reduced in parkinsonian mice and its restoration alleviates motor deficits and levodopa-induced dyskinesia
    Article Snippet: Picrotoxin (1128), (+)-MK-801 maleate (0924), DNQX (0189), DHβE hydrobromide (2349), SCH 23390 hydrochloride (0925), (S)-(-)-sulpiride (0895), acetylcholine chloride (2809), oxotremorine M (1067), VU 0255035 (3727), tropicamide (0909), ambenonium dichloride (0388), and scopolamine hydrobromide (1414) were obtained from Tocris Bioscience.

    Activity Assay:

    Article Title: Long-Lasting Inhibitory Effects of Distigmine on Recombinant Human Acetylcholinesterase Activity.
    Article Snippet: Drugs and Reagents The following drugs were used: distigmine bromide (Torii Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan), neostigmine bromide (Sigma-Aldrich), pyridostigmine bromide (MP Biomedicals, Santa Ana, CA, U.S.A.), and ambenonium dichloride (Tocris Bioscience, Bristol, U.K.).

    Article Title: WaterMap-Guided Structure-Based Virtual Screening for Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors.
    Article Snippet: Structure-based virtual screening of the Enamine database of 1.7 million compounds followed by WaterMap calculations (a molecular-dynamics-simulation-based method) was applied to identify novel acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors.. The inhibitory potency of 29 selected compounds against electric eel (ee) AChE was determined using Ellman’s method.. Three compounds were found to be active (success rate 10%).

    Article Title: M4-mediated cholinergic transmission is reduced in parkinsonian mice and its restoration alleviates motor deficits and levodopa-induced dyskinesia
    Article Snippet: Picrotoxin (1128), (+)-MK-801 maleate (0924), DNQX (0189), DHβE hydrobromide (2349), SCH 23390 hydrochloride (0925), (S)-(-)-sulpiride (0895), acetylcholine chloride (2809), oxotremorine M (1067), VU 0255035 (3727), tropicamide (0909), ambenonium dichloride (0388), and scopolamine hydrobromide (1414) were obtained from Tocris Bioscience.



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    A Schematics of AAV9.hSyn.ACh3.0 injection into DSt of WT mice and cartoon schematic showing the principle of GRAB ACh3.0 sensor function and the bath application of ACh with ambenonium. B Time courses of GRAB ACh3.0 fluorescence change (mean frame) following bath application of 100 µM ACh and 100 nM ambenonium for DLS and DMS (left). Summary data for maximal ΔF/F (center). Representative images and surface plots showing the maximal changes in GRAB ACh3.0 fluorescence across striatal regions (right) (DLS n = 10, N = 5; DMS n = 7, N = 4; unpaired t test p = 0.5967). C Schematics of AAV9.hSyn.ACh3.0 and saline or 6-OHDA (LD or HD) injections into DSt and MFB in WT mice (top). Cartoon depicting how ACh released from ChIs is detected by GRAB ACh3.0 expressed in striatal cells (bottom). D Representative images and surface plots of GRAB ACh3.0 fluorescence changes (mean frame) in DLS (top) and DMS (bottom) following application of a single electrical stimulus (25 µA, 0.5 ms) in the center of the striatal region of interest (left). Quantification of ΔF/F is shown on the bar charts (right) (DLS: Saline n = 32, N = 9; 6-OHDA LD n = 27, N = 6; 6-OHDA HD n = 38, N = 9; Kruskal-Wallis p = 0.2419 / DMS: Saline n = 38, N = 9; 6-OHDA LD n = 28, N = 6; 6-OHDA HD n = 42, N = 9; Kruskal-Wallis p = 0.0019; Dunn’s post hoc test). E Representative 2P-point scanning traces and quantification of fluorescence changes of GRAB ACh3.0 (DLS: Saline n = 28, N = 6; 6-OHDA LD n = 15, N = 4; 6-OHDA HD n = 34, N = 5; Kruskal-Wallis p = 0.1903 / DMS: Saline n = 31, N = 7; 6-OHDA LD n = 15, N = 4; 6-OHDA HD n = 27, N = 5; Kruskal-Wallis p = 0.467). F Representative 2P-point scanning traces and summary data of GRAB ACh3.0 fluorescence changes following paired-pulse stimulation (P1 + P2), with the digitally subtracted P2 component shown on gray (DLS: Saline n = 26, N = 6; 6-OHDA LD n = 15, N = 4; 6-OHDA HD n = 30, N = 5; Kruskal-Wallis p = 0.2159 / DMS: Saline n = 31, N = 7; 6-OHDA LD n = 15, N = 4; 6-OHDA HD n = 28, N = 5; Kruskal-Wallis p = 0.5913). Summary data is mean ± SEM. Extended statistical data is provided in Supplementary Table . n: number of cells, N: number of mice; n.s. p > 0.05; * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001.

    Journal: NPJ Parkinson's Disease

    Article Title: Postsynaptic adaptations in direct pathway muscarinic M4-receptor signaling follow the temporal and regional pattern of dopaminergic degeneration

    doi: 10.1038/s41531-025-01047-3

    Figure Lengend Snippet: A Schematics of AAV9.hSyn.ACh3.0 injection into DSt of WT mice and cartoon schematic showing the principle of GRAB ACh3.0 sensor function and the bath application of ACh with ambenonium. B Time courses of GRAB ACh3.0 fluorescence change (mean frame) following bath application of 100 µM ACh and 100 nM ambenonium for DLS and DMS (left). Summary data for maximal ΔF/F (center). Representative images and surface plots showing the maximal changes in GRAB ACh3.0 fluorescence across striatal regions (right) (DLS n = 10, N = 5; DMS n = 7, N = 4; unpaired t test p = 0.5967). C Schematics of AAV9.hSyn.ACh3.0 and saline or 6-OHDA (LD or HD) injections into DSt and MFB in WT mice (top). Cartoon depicting how ACh released from ChIs is detected by GRAB ACh3.0 expressed in striatal cells (bottom). D Representative images and surface plots of GRAB ACh3.0 fluorescence changes (mean frame) in DLS (top) and DMS (bottom) following application of a single electrical stimulus (25 µA, 0.5 ms) in the center of the striatal region of interest (left). Quantification of ΔF/F is shown on the bar charts (right) (DLS: Saline n = 32, N = 9; 6-OHDA LD n = 27, N = 6; 6-OHDA HD n = 38, N = 9; Kruskal-Wallis p = 0.2419 / DMS: Saline n = 38, N = 9; 6-OHDA LD n = 28, N = 6; 6-OHDA HD n = 42, N = 9; Kruskal-Wallis p = 0.0019; Dunn’s post hoc test). E Representative 2P-point scanning traces and quantification of fluorescence changes of GRAB ACh3.0 (DLS: Saline n = 28, N = 6; 6-OHDA LD n = 15, N = 4; 6-OHDA HD n = 34, N = 5; Kruskal-Wallis p = 0.1903 / DMS: Saline n = 31, N = 7; 6-OHDA LD n = 15, N = 4; 6-OHDA HD n = 27, N = 5; Kruskal-Wallis p = 0.467). F Representative 2P-point scanning traces and summary data of GRAB ACh3.0 fluorescence changes following paired-pulse stimulation (P1 + P2), with the digitally subtracted P2 component shown on gray (DLS: Saline n = 26, N = 6; 6-OHDA LD n = 15, N = 4; 6-OHDA HD n = 30, N = 5; Kruskal-Wallis p = 0.2159 / DMS: Saline n = 31, N = 7; 6-OHDA LD n = 15, N = 4; 6-OHDA HD n = 28, N = 5; Kruskal-Wallis p = 0.5913). Summary data is mean ± SEM. Extended statistical data is provided in Supplementary Table . n: number of cells, N: number of mice; n.s. p > 0.05; * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001.

    Article Snippet: Picrotoxin, MK-801, DNQX, DHβE, SCH 23390, sulpiride, acetylcholine, oxotremorine M, and ambenonium were purchased from Tocris Bioscience.

    Techniques: Injection, Fluorescence, Saline

    A Schematics of Cre-dependent GIRK2-encoding virus and saline or 6-OHDA (LD or HD) injections into the DSt and MFB from D1-Cre mice respectively (left). Cartoon of ChI-dMSN synapse depicting the bath application of ambenonium to block ACh hydrolysis by AChE (right). B Representative traces of electrically evoked M4-IPSCs (left) before (Basal) and after ( + Amb) bath application of ambenonium (10 nM) in DLS (top) and DMS (bottom). Quantification of net charge as absolute values (center) and normalized to control (right) (DLS: Saline n = 16, N = 4; 6-OHDA LD n = 20, N = 8; 6-OHDA HD n = 15, N = 5; Wilcoxon tests p < 0.0001 for absolute values and Kruskal-Wallis p = 0.4736 for ratio / DMS: Saline n = 10, N = 6; 6-OHDA LD n = 8, N = 6; 6-OHDA HD n = 13, N = 8; Wilcoxon test p = 0.002 for saline, paired t test p = 0.0082 for 6-OHDA LD and paired t test p = 0.0003 for 6-OHDA HD in absolute values and One-Way ANOVA p = 0.1687 for ratio). Summary data is mean ± SEM. Extended statistical data is provided in Supplementary Table . n: number of cells, N: number of mice; n.s. p > 0.05; * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001.

    Journal: NPJ Parkinson's Disease

    Article Title: Postsynaptic adaptations in direct pathway muscarinic M4-receptor signaling follow the temporal and regional pattern of dopaminergic degeneration

    doi: 10.1038/s41531-025-01047-3

    Figure Lengend Snippet: A Schematics of Cre-dependent GIRK2-encoding virus and saline or 6-OHDA (LD or HD) injections into the DSt and MFB from D1-Cre mice respectively (left). Cartoon of ChI-dMSN synapse depicting the bath application of ambenonium to block ACh hydrolysis by AChE (right). B Representative traces of electrically evoked M4-IPSCs (left) before (Basal) and after ( + Amb) bath application of ambenonium (10 nM) in DLS (top) and DMS (bottom). Quantification of net charge as absolute values (center) and normalized to control (right) (DLS: Saline n = 16, N = 4; 6-OHDA LD n = 20, N = 8; 6-OHDA HD n = 15, N = 5; Wilcoxon tests p < 0.0001 for absolute values and Kruskal-Wallis p = 0.4736 for ratio / DMS: Saline n = 10, N = 6; 6-OHDA LD n = 8, N = 6; 6-OHDA HD n = 13, N = 8; Wilcoxon test p = 0.002 for saline, paired t test p = 0.0082 for 6-OHDA LD and paired t test p = 0.0003 for 6-OHDA HD in absolute values and One-Way ANOVA p = 0.1687 for ratio). Summary data is mean ± SEM. Extended statistical data is provided in Supplementary Table . n: number of cells, N: number of mice; n.s. p > 0.05; * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001.

    Article Snippet: Picrotoxin, MK-801, DNQX, DHβE, SCH 23390, sulpiride, acetylcholine, oxotremorine M, and ambenonium were purchased from Tocris Bioscience.

    Techniques: Virus, Saline, Blocking Assay, Control